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NEW  ENGLAND  AVIATORS 

IN  TWO  VOLUMES 


Volume  II 


DAVID  ENDICOTT  PUTNAM 


MEW  EMGLAMD  AVIATORS 

1914-1918 

THEIR  PORTRAITS  AND  THEIR  RECORDS 


WITH  AN  INTRODUCTION  BY 

A.  LAWRENCE  LOWELL 


Volume  II 


BOSTON  AND  NEW  YORK 

HOUGHTON  MIFFLIN  COMPANY 

THE  RIVERSIDE  PRESS  CAMBRIDGE 
1920 


COPYRIGHT,  1920,  BY  HOUGHTON  MIFFLIN  COMPANY 
ALL  RIGHTS  RESERVED 


THIS  EDITION  CONSISTS  OF  ONE  THOUSAND  COPIES 
PRINTED  AT  THE  RIVERSIDE  PRESS,  CAMBRIDGE, 
MASSACHUSETTS,  FOR  THE  PUBLISHING  COMMITTEE 
OF  THE  NEW  ENGLAND  AVIATORS 


i\J+‘ t 

CONTENTS 


Soldiers  of  the  Wooden  Cross.  By  Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Henry  Brent,  D.D.  . 2 
The  Second  Pursuit  Group.  By  Lieutenant  Earle  F.  Richards  ...  3 
The  Third  Pursuit  Group.  By  Lieutenant  Chester  E.  Wright  ...  35 

Detachment  of  Fifteen  Aviators,  A .......  274 

Winged  Forces  of  the  U.S.  Navy.  By  Lieutenant  Clifford  A.  Tinker  . . 276 

Lighter-than-Air  Construction  in  the  United  States.  By  Lieutenant 

Donald  T.  Hood 285 

David  Putnam.  By  Richard  D.  Ware 478 

Abbreviations 479 


Aviators 

Adams,  James  Greenleaf,  First  Lieutenant 
*Aldrich,  Perry  Henry,  First  Lieutenant  . 
Alexander,  Frank  Emmons,  First  Lieutenant 
Allard,  John  Stetson,  Jr.,  Second  Lieutenant 
Alvord,  Lincoln,  Second  Lieutenant 
Ames,  Charles  Burton,  Second  Lieutenant 
Ames,  Lawrence  Coffin,  Second  Lieutenant 
Amory,  Walter,  First  Lieutenant 
Anderson,  George  Dana,  Lieutenant  ( j.g .) 

Appleton,  William  Channing,  Jr.,  Second  Lieutenant 
Aspinwall,  George  Lowell,  Second  Lieutenant 
Ayer,  Carleton  Sprague,  Second  Lieutenant 
Bailey,  Morris  Hall,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 

Baker,  George  F.,  Ensign  .... 
Baker,  John  Hopkinson,  First  Lieutenant 
Baker,  Theodore  Edward,  First  Lieutenant 
Baker,  William  Frank,  Jr.,  First  Lieutenant 
Barnes,  Dwight  Fletcher,  Second  Lieutenant 
Barnes,  Ray  A.,  First  Lieutenant 
*Beane,  James  Dudley,  First  Lieutenant 
*Beauton,  Joseph  Emmett,  First  Lieutenant 
Benedict,  George  W.,  Jr.,  First  Lieutenant 
Bingham,  Hiram,  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Blair,  John  Kent,  First  Lieutenant 
*Bnss,  Carlton  Merrill,  Second  Lieutenant 
Boutwell,  Louis  Evans,  Second  Lieutenant 
*Bowen,  Joseph  Brown,  Second  Lieutenant 
Bowen,  Robert  Sidney,  Jr.,  Second  Lieutenant  . 
Bowman,  Marvin  Somersett,  Second  Lieutenant 
Boynton,  Alan  Henry,  First  Lieutenant 
Brackett,  Edward  Tappan,  Second  Lieutenant  . 
Brewer,  Arthur  Douglas,  Lieutenant 
Brewer,  Edward  Slocum,  Lieutenant 
Bridgman,  Hugh,  First  Lieutenant  . 


164 

49 

258 

450 

442 

452 

452 

118 

288 

37 

470 

162 

390 

432 

228 

448 

468 

258 

226 

14 

22 

172 

214 

98 

220 

18 

84 

90 

180 

122 

184 

292 

354 

32 


CONTENTS 


Brooks,  Arthur  Raymond,  Captain 11 

*Brown,  Edwin  Arnold,  First  Lieutenant 144 

Brown,  John  Freeman,  Jr.,  First  Lieutenant 194 

Brown,  Ray  Baxter,  Second  Lieutenant  . . . . . .410 

*Brown,  Stafford  Leighton,  First  Lieutenant 132 

Brown,  Waldo  Hayward,  Ensign 432 

*Buchanan,  John  Squire,  Second,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 322 

Bundy,  Mahlon  Cook,  Second  Lieutenant 464 

Burleigh,  Lewis  A.,  Jr.,  Ensign  ........  428 

Burnham,  Addison  C.,  Jr.,  Ensign  ........  430 

Cabot,  Godfrey  Lowell,  Lieutenant 154 

Cabot,  James  Jackson,  First  Lieutenant 156 

Cabot,  Thomas  Dudley,  Second  Lieutenant 158 

C arret,  Philip  L.,  First  Lieutenant  ........  230 

Cauchon,  Leo  Bernard,  First  Lieutenant  .......  56 

*Chapman,  Elwin  F.,  Cadet 140 

Chase,  Chester  I.,  Cadet 378 

Cheney,  Philip  L.,  Ensign 320 

Church,  George,  Chief  Quartermaster 308 

*Clapp,  Howard  R.,  First  Lieutenant 8 

Clark,  Arthur  L.,  First  Lieutenant 54 

Clark,  Leland  V.,  First  Lieutenant 208 

Clark,  Wilder  Crawford,  Second  Lieutenant 442 

Clayton,  Henry  Comyn,  Ensign 374 

Cohen,  Harold,  First  Lieutenant 216 

Cole,  Melvin  W.,  First  Lieutenant 234 

Comstock,  Herbert  Franklin,  Second  Lieutenant 206 

Conant,  William  M.,  Jr.,  Major 170 

Cooley,  Richard  L.,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 298 

Coolidge,  Roger,  First  Lieutenant 204 

Copland,  Harry  Depew,  First  Lieutenant  .......  96 

Craig,  John  W.,  Second  Lieutenant  ........  198 

Craighead,  Philip  Brooks,  Second  Lieutenant 412 

Craigie,  Karl  Harrold,  Second  Lieutenant 186 

Crane,  Joshua,  Jr.,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 394 

Crimmin,  Royce  B.,  Cadet  ..........  254 

Crocker,  Frank  Weyman,  Ensign  ........  424 

*Crosscup,  Woldemar  E.,  Ensign 268 

Curtis,  Laurence,  Lieutenant 394 

Curtis,  Thomas  Carson,  Second  Lieutenant 444 

Cutts,  George  B.,  Second  Lieutenant  ........  466 

Daiger,  C.  Vincent,  Second  Lieutenant 462 

Dana,  Duncan,  Captain 238 

Davis,  Allan  Nichols,  Second  Lieutenant 420 

*Delehanty,  Michael  Joseph,  Ensign 370 

Dillaway,  Manson  McKown,  Second  Lieutenant 384 


CONTENTS 


*Dix,  Roger  S.,  Jr.,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 142 

Dole,  Harold  Sanford,  First  Lieutenant 

. 440 

Doolin,  Paul  Rice,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 253 

*Dunham,  Marbel  Lester,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 472 

Durfee,  Thomas,  Lieutenant  ( j.g .) 

. 330 

Early,  Lawrence,  Second  Lieutenant  . 

. 260 

Eaton,  Albion  Keith,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 

. 356 

Edwards,  John  Richard,  Jr.,  First  Lieutenant 

64 

Elliott,  Stuart  Ellis,  First  Lieutenant 

. 30 

Emery,  Leland  H.,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 190 

Emmons,  George  Beale,  Jr.,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 182 

Estey,  R.  Noble,  First  LAeutenant 

. 70 

Evans,  Brice  S.,  Private 

. 256 

Fallon,  Nugent,  Lieutenant-Commander 

. 333 

Falvey,  Wallace  J.,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 

. 434 

Farnsworth,  Augustus  Page,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 152 

Fearing,  George  Richmond,  Jr.,  Lieutenant-Commander 

. 310 

Fenton,  Paul  Edwin,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 248 

Ferrone,  Frank  Nichols,  Ensign 

. 270 

Fisher,  Robert  Lewis,  Second  Lieutenant  . 

. 196 

Fitz  Gerald,  William  J.,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 444 

Forster,  Henry,  Ensign 

. 312 

Forsyth,  Ralph  E.,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 456 

Foss,  Alden  S.,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 450 

Francis,  James  Dwight,  First  Lieutenant 

. 28 

Francis,  Thayer,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 408 

Freeman,  Harry  Boit,  First  Lieutenant 

. 19 

Fuller,  T.  J.  Duncan,  First  Lieutenant 

. 52 

Fuller,  Willard  Perrin,  Captain 

. 232 

Galloupe,  Chauncey  A.,  Ensign 

. 424 

Gardiner,  Chandler  Brewer,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 454 

Gardiner,  Charles  Morris,  Ensign  . 

. 454 

*Gardiner,  Edward  Hooper,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 130 

Gaston,  William,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 

. 124 

Gibson,  James  Wallace,  First  Lieutenant 

. 466 

Gioiosa,  Ernest  A.,  Cadet 

. 48 

Giroux,  Archie  R.,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 42 

*Giroux,  Ernest  A.,  First  Lieutenant 

. 40 

Gordon,  David  W.,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 262 

Gould,  Richard  H.,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 420 

Gozzaldi,  Richard  de,  Second  Lieutenant 

. 474 

Grant,  Patrick,  Second,  Flight  Cadet 

. 122 

* Graves,  Edmund  Pike,  First  Lieutenant  . 

. 114 

Greely,  Benjamin  M.,  Jr.,  Ensign 

. 400 

Greene,  Gardiner  Frank,  First  Lieutenant 

. 

. 236 

Greenough,  Charles  White,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 

. 458 

[ vii  ] 


CONTENTS 


Grosvenor,  Theodore  Phinney,  Lieutenant  (j.g.)  .....  392 

IIale,  David  Clendon,  Observer  100 

Hall,  George  Linwood,  Second  Lieutenant 376 

IIallett,  Joseph  C.,  Ensign  .........  362 

Hambleton,  Harold  Towle,  Second  Lieutenant  ......  222 

*IIamilton,  Lloyd  Andrews,  First  Lieutenant  . . . . . .126 

Hanks,  Stedman,  Major  ..........  224 

Harris,  Harold  Cobb,  Lieutenant  (j.g.)  .......  372 

Hastings,  Edward  Rogers,  Jr.,  Second  Lieutenant  .....  308 

Hawks,  Horace  G.,  Second  Lieutenant  . . . . . . .416 

Hellier,  Edward  Whittier,  First  Lieutenant 396 

Hellier,  Walter  Harmon,  Second  Lieutenant 396 

Henderson,  Ernest  F.,  Jr.,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 338 

*Herrick,  William  F.,  Second  Lieutenant 138 

Heywood,  Vincent  E.,  First  Lieutenant 67 

Hodder,  James  Allan,  Cadet 382 

Holt,  Arthur  R.,  Ensign 430 

*Homer,  Joseph  Warren,  Jr.,  Ensign 281 

Hood,  Donald  T.,  Lieutenant  .........  285 

Hoopes,  Thomas  T.,  Ensign  .........  346 

Howe,  David  W.,  First  Lieutenant  ........  26 

Howell,  Charles  Hurd,  Captain  ........  74 

Hubbard,  Edwin  Beaumont,  Second  Lieutenant 406 

Hughes,  Joseph  V.,  Second  Lieutenant  .......  264 

Hurlburt,  John  Rogers,  Captain 150 

Hyde,  Russell  Noyes,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 348 

Ives,  Paul  Frost,  Lieutenant 358 

Jarvis,  Samuel  Gardiner,  Second  Lieutenant  202 

Jesse,  Herman  J.,  First  Lieutenant  . 426 

Keith,  George  Knowlton,  Ensign 402 

Keith,  William  Scott,  Second  Lieutenant 462 

*Kenneson,  Edward  Ralph,  First  Lieutenant  ......  136 

Keough,  Wesley  L.,  Second,  Lieutenant  .......  268 

Kiley,  James  E.,  Second  Lieutenant  ........  464 

*Killorin,  George  W.,  Second  Lieutenant  .......  256 

Kinder,  Roland  H.,  Second  Lieutenant  412 

King,  Appleton,  Flight  Cadet 406 

King,  Gelston  Tyler,  Second  Lieutenant 210 

Kirwan,  Thomas  A.,  Captain 109 

Knowles,  Robert  Winthrop,  Lieutenant  .......  438 

Koch,  Theodore  William,  First  Lieutenant 168 

Kuehl,  Adolph  A.,  Second  Lieutenant 240 

Kullberg,  Harold  A.,  First  Lieutenant 94 

Langley,  John  A.,  Second  Lieutenant 446 

Laskey,  William  Gallup,  Ensign 438 

Law,  Sidney  Fuller,  Second  Lieutenant 58 

[ viii  ] 


CONTENTS 


Lawrence,  William  Badger,  Jr.,  Ensign 422 

Leavitt,  Henry  Joseph,  Second  Lieutenant 116 

Leeburn,  Leo  J.,  Second  Lieutenant 380 

Lehan,  Ralph  A.,  Ensign  436 

*Lingard  Eric,  Ensign 326 

Little,  Charles  E.,  Sergeant 216 

*Lord,  Orlando  Merritt,  Second  Lieutenant 160 

Lowell,  James  Arnold,  Cadet  . . 398 

Macaulay,  A.  Vernon,  Second  Lieutenant 386 

Macaulay,  Charles  R.,  First  Lieutenant 386 

MacBride,  Edwin  Thayer,  First  Lieutenant 240 

MacDonald,  Donald,  First  Lieutenant 460 

MacDonald,  Neal  C.,  Second  Lieutenant 460 

Mackay,  George  H.,  Jr.,  First  Lieutenant  .......  384 

Mackenzie,  Clyde  C.,  Second  Lieutenant  .......  178 

*MacLeish,  Kenneth,  Lieutenant 295 

MacLure,  Henry  Goldsborough,  First  Lieutenant 212 

*McCormack,  Ralph  Roby,  Ensign 316 

McLaughlin,  Ralph  D.,  Second  Lieutenant 227 

McNamara,  John  F.,  Lieutenant  .........  166 

Magnuson,  Henry  Alexander,  Cadet 477 

Magoun,  Francis  Peabody,  Jr.,  First  Lieutenant 120 

Mahoney,  Frank  H.,  Second  Lieutenant 472 

Marschat,  Richard  A.,  Ensign 366 

Marshall,  Charles  Clark,  Second  Lieutenant 448 

Merrill,  Donald  Hersey,  Lieutenant  ( j.g .) 294 

Miller,  Charles  B.,  Second  Lieutenant  .......  318 

Miller,  John  Matthew,  Ensign 352 

Mitchell,  Elmer  Leighton,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 350 

Moran,  John  Lalley,  Second  Lieutenant 192 

Morse,  Charles  Lester,  Second  Lieutenant  ......  264 

Mosser,  Philip  Dudley,  Ensign 318 

Mudge,  William  Forbes,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 392 

Munkittrick,  Robert  J.,  Ensign 434 

Murphy,  Dudley  Bowles,  Ensign 332 

Murphy,  John  Lewis,  Ensign 426 

*Murphy,  Joseph  Gerard,  Ensign 468 

Muther,  Walter  P.,  First  Lieutenant  . . . . . . .112 

Nason,  Charles  Francis,  Second  Lieutenant 408 

Noble,  Edwin  Lawrence,  Second  Lieutenant 266 

Norris,  Ralph  H.,  Lieutenant  (j.g.)  ........  290 

*Ostridge,  Charles  L.,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 324 

Packard,  Harold  Artemas,  First  Lieutenant  ......  260 

*Page,  Phillips  Ward,  Ensign 368 

Paine,  Stephen,  Ensign  388 

*Palmer,  Clyde  Norton,  Ensign 300 


CONTENTS 


Parker,  Albert  N.,  Second  Lieutenant 398 

*Parker,  Bradstreet,  Cadet 314 

Parker,  Harold  Wayne,  Second  Lieutenant 470 

Payson,  John  Brown,  Second  Lieutenant  . . . . . . .184 

Payson,  Phillips  Merrill,  First  Lieutenant 79 

Perry,  William  Graves,  Captain 148 

Pettingell,  John  M.,  Second  Lieutenant 370 

*Pfaffmann,  John  S.,  Second  Lieutenant 146 

Phister,  Lispenard  Bathe,  Second  Lieutenant  ......  380 

*Pishon,  Sturgis,  First  Lieutenant  ........  134 

Platt,  William,  Ensign 388 

Powderly,  Daniel  W.,  First  Lieutenant 474 

Powel,  Howard  Hare,  Captain 72 

Powers,  Ralph  A.,  Lieutenant  ( j.g .) 440 

Prince,  Gordon  C.,  Captain 378 

*Putnam,  David  Endicott,  First  Lieutenant 4 

Quinn,  Thomas  C.,  Second  Lieutenant 416 

Ramsay,  Harold  Theodore,  Cadet 194 

Read,  Albert  Cushing,  Lieutenant-Commander  ......  306 

Reece,  Robert  H.,  First  Lieutenant  . . . . . . . .76 

Reycroft,  Harlan  Long,  Ensign  . . . . . . . .176 

Reycroft,  Wendell  Gage,  Ensign  ........  174 

Rice,  Thomas  Emerson  Proctor,  First  Lieutenant 422 

Richards,  Earle  F.,  First  Lieutenant  ........  24 

Richards,  Junius  Alexander,  First  Lieutenant 250 

Richmond,  Isidor,  Ensign 244 

Ricker,  Raymond  W.  T.,  Second  Lieutenant 418 

Riley,  Henry  I.,  First  Lieutenant 27 

*Rogers,  Ralph  Tupper,  Ensign 320 

Rohrbach,  Charles  H.,  Second  Lieutenant  ......  410 

Rowe,  Ralph  S.,  First  Lieutenant  . 418 

Rowen,  Howard  John,  Lieutenant  (j.g.)  .......  364 

Rudolf,  Henry  James  Gray,  First  Lieutenant 87 

Sargent,  Carl  A.,  Second  Lieutenant  414 

Sargent,  Howard  Crosby,  Ensign 402 

Schermerhorn,  Horace,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 458 

Seeley,  Harry  W.,  First  Lieutenant  . . . . . . . .210 

Shea,  Laurence  L.,  Second  Lieutenant  ........  232 

Shepherd,  Ridgley  Garretson,  Second  Lieutenant  .....  456 

Shumway,  Carl  Elliot,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 342 

Slater,  Robert  A.,  Second  Lieutenant 266 

Smith,  Charles  Henry,  Second  Lieutenant  ......  200 

Smith,  Clarendon  Waite,  Ensign  ........  436 

Smith,  Samuel  Abbot,  Lieutenant  (j.g.) 336 

* Souther,  Henry,  Major  . . . . . . . . . .270 

Spencer,  Winthrop  Wheeler,  First  Lieutenant 218 


CONTENTS 


* Sprague,  William  G.,  Ensign 476 

* Stafford,  John  F.,  Jr.,  Second  Lieutenant 82 

Stanley,  Henry  Turner,  Lieutenant  ( j.g .)  400 

Steedman,  Charles  Richard,  Second  Lieutenant 246 

* Stevens,  Henry  LeNoble,  First  Lieutenant 62 

Stewart,  Charles  Prescott,  Ensign  340 

* Stiles,  Robert  He  wins.  First  Lieutenant 16 

Stone,  Van  Zandt,  Lieutenant  . . . . . . . . .110 

Stonemetz,  Philip  Thayer,  Ensign 368 

* Swan,  Leroy  Amos,  Second  Lieutenant 262 

Swift,  Henry,  Lieutenant 360 

Tarrant,  Thomas  R.,  Second  Lieutenant 208 

*Tart,  Edmund  Graham,  First  Lieutenant 104 

Terhune,  Edward  Andrus,  Jr.,  Ensign 344 

Teulon,  Arthur  Parker,  Lieutenant  (j.g.)  272 

Thomas,  Errold  Banks,  Second  Lieutenant 254 

Thompson,  Willis  Duer,  Jr.,  Ensign 390 

Townsend,  Richard  S.,  Lieutenant  . 428 

Tuck,  Leon  P.,  First  Lieutenant  .........  242 

Tuttle,  George  W.,  Second  Lieutenant 112 

Twitchell,  Roger  Thayer,  Second  Lieutenant 144 

Tylee,  Arthur  Kellam,  Lieutenant-Colonel 108 

Underhill,  Donald  Prince,  First  Lieutenant  ......  404 

Underhill,  Frank  Hopewell,  First  Lieutenant  404 

*Upton0  Charles  Hastings,  First  Lieutenant 59 

Van  Schaack,  John  Jay,  First  Lieutenant 188 

Warner,  Frederick  H.,  Jr.,  First  Lieutenant 248 

Warren,  Aldred  K.,  Jr.,  Ensign 376 

Weeden,  Charles  F.,  Jr.,  Second  Lieutenant 446 

Welch,  Everett  Preston,  Ensign 244 

Whitehouse,  Robert  Treat,  Jr.,  Ensign 304 

Whitehouse,  William  Penn,  Second,  Lieutenant 302 

Whiting,  George  Clarke,  First  Lieutenant 102 

Whitney,  Richard  Skinner,  Jr.,  Second  Lieutenant  .....  414 

Whitney,  Robert,  First  Lieutenant 242 

Whitten,  Lyman  Perley,  Second  Lieutenant 86 

Wilcox,  Edward  Milton,  First  Lieutenant  . . . . . .106 

Willis,  Irad  Edmunds,  Second  Lieutenant 382 

Woods,  George  Bryant,  First  Lieutenant  .......  44 

Wright,  Chester  Ellis,  First  Lieutenant  .......  46 

* Wyman,  Alfred  Theodore,  Second  Lieutenant 92 

York,  Philip  Simmons,  Second  Lieutenant 215 


NEW  ENGLAND  AVIATORS 


SOLDIERS  OF  THE  WOODEN  CROSS 

By  Rt.  Rev.  Charles  Henry  Brent,  D.D. 

Medals  that  adorn  the  uniform  tell  of  courage  and  endurance 
and  heroism  that  braved  the  worst  for  the  cause.  Their  wearers 
live  to  hear  the  acclaim  of  their  comrades.  But  there  is  another 
decoration,  the  commonest  even  though  the  most  distinguished 
of  all,  the  Wooden  Cross  that  is  awarded  only  to  the  men  who 
have  done  the  greatest  thing  that  man  — yes,  even  God  — can  do. 

Yonder  they  lie,  along  that  front  where  with  face  to  the  foe  they 
counted  not  their  lives  dear  unto  themselves  but  bore  the  standard 
of  liberty  onward.  Above  their  graves  rise  the  sheltering  arms  of 
the  rough-hewn  cross,  than  which  no  fitter  monument  ever  reared 
its  form  over  mortal  remains. 

Our  comrades  they  were.  Our  comrades  they  are.  Death  was 
powerless  in  the  face  of  their  bold  daring  to  rob  us  of  them  or  them 
of  us.  They  are  separated  now  from  us,  not  by  the  gaping  gulf  of 
time  but  by  a veil  so  thin  that  at  times  we  almost  see  their  figures 
through  its  waving  folds.  They  live  — live  gloriously  in  the  land 
of  far  distances.  Death  stripped  them  of  nothing  essential.  In  the 
permanent  society  of  the  world  beyond  this  they  think  and  speak 
and  see  and  love.  They  are  what  they  were,  except  so  far  as  the 
river  of  death  has  washed  away  the  dust  of  earth  and  left  them 
cleaner  and  better  by  reason  of  this  their  last  great  adventure. 

The  same  dauntless  spirit  moved  them,  one  and  all.  There  was 
something  dearer  than  life.  To  it  they  gave  themselves  and  their 
all,  and  won  the  decoration  of  the  Wooden  Cross. 

These  men  and  a myriad  more  are  calling  to  us,  calling  to  us 
and  bidding  us  to  carry  on.  If  we  would  still  hold  to  their  com- 
radeship we  must  display  in  life  the  spirit  they  displayed  in  death. 
We  must  live  for  the  things  for  which  they  died.  That  which  we 
have  achieved  by  victory  we  must  weave  into  the  fabric  of  the  new 
world  and  the  new  age.  The  Wooden  Cross  of  our  dead  comrades 
is  for  them  a glorious  decoration.  For  us  it  is  the  banner  of  our 
life  that  is  to  be.  It  challenges  us  to  hold  more  precious  than  mortal 
life  ideals  of  honor,  justice,  and  righteousness.  After  all,  the  Cross 
that  redeemed  the  world  was  a wooden  cross,  too,  was  it  not?  It 
was  no  toy  or  pretty  bauble,  but  a thing  of  nails  and  pain  and  death 
— and  yet  a thing  of  glory. 


THE  SECOND  PURSUIT  GROUP 


By  Lieutenant  Earle  F.  Richards,  Thirteenth  Aero 
Squadron 

The  Second  Pursuit  Group,  originally  the  13th  and  139th  Squad- 
rons, began  to  operate  late  in  June,  1918.  Then  came  the  103d 
(formerly  the  Lafayette),  which  was  replaced  by  the  22d  and  49th 
Squadrons  late  in  Aug.,  or  early  in  Sept.  This  was  a live  Group 
which  came  to  its  own  in  the  St.-Mihiel  and  Argonne  offensives. 
It  has  some  one  hundred  and  thirty-five  official  victories,  against 
thirty-eight  losses. 

Early  in  the  spring  there  were  reports  from  the  lone  Lafayette, 
at  Dunkirk.  Things  were  causing  concern  on  the  front  from  Reims 
to  Soissons,  and  in  June  the  First  Pursuit  Group  pulled  out  to 
stave  off  the  advancing  Hun  at  Chateau-Thierry ; and  the  neophyte 
139th  and  13th  Squadrons  moved  into  the  vacant  hangars  at  the 
“cross-roads.”  Raoul  Lufbery  had  gone  on  to  a reward,  as  had 
Dick  Blodgett  and  others,  and  the  new  tenants  were  confronted 
with  a sterner  task,  to  meet  and  avenge  their  deaths.  Then  the 
business  began  and  the  skeleton  Squadron  was  right  busy  until 
the  eleventh  day  of  the  eleventh  month. 

Major  Angstrom,  who  had  been  with  the  English,  was  in  com- 
mand of  one  Squadron,  while  Capt.  Charles  Biddle,  of  the  Lafay- 
ette, had  the  other  Squadron,  as  Flight  Commander.  In  the  139th 
were  Capt.  Bridgman,  who  later  commanded  the  22d,  and  Dave 
Putnam,  both  of  whom  had  been  with  the  French.  From  the  103d 
Squadron  came  Hobey  Baker,  and  Maury  Jones  as  Flight  Com- 
mander for  the  13th,  while  George  Fisher,  from  the  First  Pursuit 
Group,  was  the  third  on  that  list. 

Soon  the  103d  came,  and  proved  to  us  that  there  was  n’t  any 
use  wasting  time.  The  summer  went  on  in  a quiet  sort  of  way  as 
later  experiences  taught,  and  when  the  103d  left  our  Group,  the 
22d  and  the  49th  Squadrons  came  in. 

Then  in  Sept,  came  the  St.-Mihiel  affair,  which  paved  the  way 
for  large  things  in  the  Argonne.  In  the  week  beginning  Sept.  12 
the  Group  had  downed  twenty-five  planes,  against  nine  lost,  and 
four  of  these  came  back.  A little  later,  it  grew  noisy  over  west  of 
the  Meuse,  and  the  Second  Pursuit  Group  was  very  much  in  the 
activity,  and  over  a hundred  official  victories  resulted. 


* DAVID  ENDICOTT  PUTNAM 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  and  Thirty- 
Ninth  Aero  Squadron,  Second  Pursuit  Group 
Killed  in  action.  Sept.  12,  1918 

Son  of  Frederick  Huntington  and  Janet  (Hallowed)  Putnam;  was 
born  at  Jamaica  Plain,  Mass.,  Dec.  10,  1898.  He  was  a descendant 
of  Gen.  Israel  Putnam,  of  Revolutionary  fame.  He  attended  the 
Newton  High  School,  and  entered  Harvard  College,  class  of  1920. 
At  school  he  was  president  of  his  class  and  excelled  in  athletics;  he 
was  an  expert  swimmer,  played  on  the  football  team,  the  baseball 
team,  and  the  hockey  team;  he  was  class  orator. 

During  his  freshman  year  at  college  he  successfully  passed  his 
examination  for  the  Aviation  Service,  but  being  under  age  was 
barred  from  entering  the  U.S.  Service.  He  left  Harvard  after  pass- 
ing his  mid-year  examinations  and  sailed  for  France  on  a cattle- 
ship,  being  determined  to  enter  the  Air  Service  abroad.  In  April, 

1917,  he  began  his  training  at  Avord,  France,  where  he  was  brev- 
etted  on  Oct.  17,  1917,  and  sent  to  Pau  for  training  in  acrobatics. 
There  he  remained  until  Dec.  21,  when  he  was  sent  to  the  front 
assigned  to  the  Lafayette  Escadrille,  N 156,  stationed  a couple  of 
miles  outside  of  Chalons,  near  the  Marne  River.  On  Dec.  22,  1917, 
he  flew  for  the  first  time  over  the  enemy  lines,  and  on  Jan.  19,  1918, 
brought  down  his  first  enemy  machine;  he  was  given  a Morane 
plane,  and  was  proud  of  the  fact  that  he  was  the  only  man  known 
to  have  brought  down  a Boche  while  flying  one  of  these  machines. 

One  of  Putnam’s  longest  and  hardest  fights  was  on  April  11, 

1918,  when  he  engaged  four  two-seaters  for  thirty-five  minutes, 
and  brought  down  one  of  them.  The  following  day  he  fought  alone 
a German  “circus”  of  eight  machines  and  got  two  of  them. 

On  April  23,  Putnam  was  credited  with  three  official  victories. 
His  most  famous  combat  took  place  on  June  5,  1918,  when  he 
was  alone  in  battle  with  ten  German  Albatross  planes;  bringing 
down  five,  the  greatest  score  of  victories  ever  credited  to  a flyer 
in  one  flight. 

On  June  16,  1918,  he  wrote: 

Combat  after  combat  comes  my  way,  and  without  boasting  I’ll  say 
that  I generally  meet  them  head  on.  Friday,  with  another  fellow,  I dove 
into  a bunch  of  six  Germans  and  three  fell.  These  are  not  official  yet. 


DAVID  ENDICOTT  PUTNAM 


Yesterday  I was  with  three  other  fellows  when  I saw  two  Boche  bi- 
planes. They  saw  us  at  about  the  same  time  and  started  to  drive  for  home. 
Putting  on  all  the  speed  I could,  I gave  chase.  As  my  machine  happened 
to  be  slightly  faster  than  the  others  of  my  patrol,  I arrived  first.  With 
both  guns  shooting  murder,  I slowly  closed  with  one  of  the  Boches.  Nearer 
and  nearer  I drew.  One  gun  stuck,  but  the  other  rattled  on.  When  I was 
about  ten  yards  from  the  German,  up  came  his  nose.  A perfect  target, 
and  just  at  that  moment  my  remaining  gun  stopped.  The  German  gunner 
(I  could  see  him  clearly)  took  one  look  at  me  and  commenced  to  fire.  A 
quick  turn  and  I was  out  of  range.  I looked  back  and  there  was  the  un- 
lucky Boche  falling.  Suddenly  his  left  wing  broke  off  and  he  dashed  into 
the  ground.  I looked  for  the  rest  of  my  patrol,  and  there  they  were,  some 
five  hundred  yards  above  me  watching  the  fight.  We  got  together  again 
and  started  to  patrol  some  more.  I kept  on,  for  I was  able  to  fix  my  guns, 
which  were  n’t  very  badly  jammed.  Suddenly  I saw  five  more  Germans 
and  gave  chase  immediately.  As  the  biplanes  had  done  before  them,  they, 
too,  turned  toward  home,  and  in  following  them  I passed  through  a cloud 
and  lost  the  rest  of  my  patrol.  The  Germans,  however,  went  so  far  that  I 
turned  back.  I had  flown  perhaps  three  minutes  towards  our  lines  when  a 
German  balloon  loomed  up  directly  ahead  of  me.  “Well,”  I said,  “I’ve 
got  no  incendiary  bullets,  but  there’s  no  harm  in  shooting  at  it.”  No 
sooner  said  than  done.  I pulled  both  triggers.  Pfoof ! ! ! The  balloon  burst 
into  flames,  and  it  did  look  queer.  I supposed  that  there  would  be  just  one 
burst  of  flame  and  that  would  be  the  end.  No;  the  thing  remained  in  the 
air,  a flaming  mass,  for  perhaps  twenty  seconds,  and  then  dropped  slowly 
to  the  ground  where  it  continued  to  burn.  But  how  the  anti-aircraft  guns 
did  shoot  at  me.  Bang!  Bang!  Bang!  Just  a continuous  roar.  “Flaming 
onions”  also  were  coming  up  from  the  ground.  Into  a cloud  I went.  The 
shooting  was  even  more  terrible  there,  so  out  I dove.  Twisting,  turning, 
circling,  I finally  reached  our  lines  and  made  tracks  for  home.  The  others 
arrived  about  the  same  time,  having  witnessed  the  entire  performance. 
That  makes  nine  official  planes  and  thirteen  unofficial  for  a total  of 
twenty-two  in  six  months. 

On  June  10,  1918,  Putnam  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  A.S., 
U.S.A.,  and  four  weeks  later  he  was  sent  to  an  American  escadrille, 
and  finally  assigned  as  Flight  Commander  of  the  139th  Squadron. 
During  the  terrific  air  fighting  along  the  French  front  early  in 
June,  he  distinguished  himself  by  his  repeated  attacks  on  the 
German  infantry,  flying  at  low  altitudes  above  the  massed  forma- 
tions, and  spraying  them  with  machine-gun  bullets  with  perfect 
indifference  to  the  shots  from  the  ground  that  riddled  his  wings 
with  holes. 

Lieut.  Putnam’s  last  flight  was  made  over  the  lines  on  Sept.  12, 

[ 5 ] 


DAVID  ENDICOTT  PUTNAM 


1018,  in  company  with  Lieut.  Robertson.  Fifteen  German  planes 
came  down  upon  them  from  the  clouds  in  a surprise  attack.  Robert- 
son escaped;  Putnam  brought  down  one  German  plane  in  flames, 
and  on  his  way  back  he  saw  an  Allied  biplace  being  attacked  by 
eight  Boches;  he  saved  the  biplane,  but  was  himself  brought  down 
with  two  shots  through  his  heart.  It  was  for  this  last  deed  that  his 
country  awarded  him  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross.  He  fell  at 
Limey,  and  was  buried  with  full  military  honors  near  Toul,  in  the 
forest  of  Sebastopol,  Sept.  14,  1918,  and  lies  by  the  side  of  Lufbery, 
whom  he  had  succeeded  as  the  “American  Ace  of  Aces.”  He  was 
credited  with  thirty-four  planes,  fourteen  of  which  are  official. 

In  a discourse  on  “Immortality,”  delivered  after  his  return  from 
France,  by  the  Reverend  William  B.  Geoghegan,  at  New  Bedford, 
Mass.,  the  speaker  said: 

From  contact  with  our  aviators,  I have  felt  the  impulse  of  the  soaring 
spirit  that  would  carry  them  higher  than  their  planes  ever  went,  and  have 
felt  that  the  clouds  would  open  to  take  them  into  a larger  universe.  It 
was  my  great  pleasure  to  meet,  just  before  he  was  killed,  our  Ace  of  Aces, 
Putnam.  His  was  one  of  the  most  beautiful  souls  I have  known.  He  was 
in  appearance  almost  like  a Greek  statue,  showing,  however,  the  effect  of 
his  experiences.  When  I heard  that  he  had  gone  down,  I knew  that  that 
beautiful  form  had  been  broken  to  emancipate  a noble  soul,  and  that  he 
had  gone  to  flights  beyond  the  bounds  of  our  human  imagination. 

In  a beautiful  letter  to  his  mother,  found  among  Putnam’s 
effects,  to  be  delivered  in  the  event  of  his  death,  he  wrote: 

Mother,  there  is  no  question  about  the  hereafter  of  men  who  give  them- 
selves in  such  a cause.  If  I am  called  upon  to  make  it,  I shall  go  with  a 
grin  of  satisfaction  and  a smile. 

Lieut.  Putnam  was  awarded  the  Croix  de  Guerre;  the  Medaille 
Militaire,  May  30,  1918;  the  Cross  of  the  Legion  of  Honor,  Nov. 
11,  1918;  and  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross,  April  8,  1919.  In 
addition  to  citations,  received  Feb.  21, 1918,  and  March  21,  1918,  he 
was  awarded  the  medal  of  the  Aero  Club  of  America  July  4,  1918. 

The  following  report  of  the  Chief  of  the  U.S.  Air  Service,  Liai- 
son Section,  was  sent  on  Nov.  15,  1918,  by  Major  Edmund  Gros, 
in  answer  to  a request  by  the  French  Government  for  names  of 
famous  American  aviators  to  be  used  in  naming  vessels  for  the 
French  fleet. 

[ 6 ] 


DAVID  ENDICOTT  PUTNAM 


First  Lieutenant  David  Putnam.  One  of  the  American  best  pilots 
and,  for  some  time  preceding  his  death,  the  American  Ace  of  Aces. 
During  the  time  Lieut.  Putnam  served  as  a Sergeant-Pilot  in  the 
French  Army,  he  succeeded  in  bringing  down  on  the  Champagne  front 
nine  enemy  planes,  three  of  which  were  biplace  machines,  and  in  ad- 
dition he  is  credited  with  thirteen  unofficially,  which  were  too  far  over  the 
enemy  lines  to  be  confirmed  officially.  On  the  date  of  June  5,  he  brought 
down  one  official  enemy  plane,  and  four  others  unofficially.  Lieut.  Putnam 
joined  the  139th  Aero  Squadron,  June  24,  1918,  and  from  that  time  up  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  he  brought  down  five  official  enemy  planes  as  well 
as  seven  others  which  were  so  far  within  the  enemy  lines  that  no  con- 
firmations could  be  obtained.  These  latter  aircraft  were  all  brought  down 
in  the  Toul  sector  during  the  time  when  that  front  was  quiet,  and  it  was 
only  by  means  of  persistent  and  long  flights  into  enemy  territory  that  he 
was  able  to  gain  the  above  number  of  victories. 

Always  seeking  combat,  he  flew  a brightly  painted  red  machine  which 
was  known  as  “Putnam’s  Red  Devil,”  and  was  never  known  to  turn  tail 
when  attacked  by  superior  numbers. 

On  July  12,  Lieut.  Putnam  was  recommended  for  the  award  of  the  Dis- 
tinguished Service  Cross  for  having  brought  down  in  conspicuous  gallant 
and  skillful  manner  an  enemy  biplace  machine;  notwithstanding  the 
superior  manoeuvring  ability  of  his  opponent  he  dived  straight  into  the 
machine  gun  of  the  observer  and  brought  the  enemy  plane  down  by  the 
firing  of  only  six  shots. 

On  August  1,  Lieut.  Putnam  was  recommended  for  the  award  of  the 
Medal  of  Honor  on  account  of  his  extremely  brave,  courageous,  efficient 
service  to  the  Allied  cause. 

As  a Flight  Commander  Lieut.  Putnam  showed  remarkable  cool-headed- 
ness and  skill  as  a leader  and  always  allowed  the  less  experienced  pilots  to 
derive  benefit  of  his  knowledge.  As  Acting  Squadron  Commander  of  the 
139th  Aero  Squadron  from  May  16  to  the  time  of  his  death,  he  again 
showed  his  ability  by  managing  his  squadron  in  most  exemplary  manner, 
yet  never  diminishing  the  number  of  his  flights  or  combats. 

On  September  12,  Lieut.  Putnam  and  another  pilot  were  attacked  by 
seven  or  eight  enemy  aircraft.  He  succeeded  in  downing  one  enemy  plane, 
but  was  overpowered  by  superior  numbers  and  was  brought  to  earth,  hav- 
ing received  several  bullet  wounds. 

At  the  time  of  his  death,  Lieut.  Putnam  had  been  credited  with  fourteen 
official  victories,  while  his  unofficial  victories  numbered  twenty. 

Always  a clean  fighter  and  one  who  always  fought  out  of  a sense  of  duty 
and  never  for  renown  or  publicity,  Lieut.  Putnam  was  loved  and  respected 
by  all  with  whom  he  came  into  contact,  and  will  be  remembered  by  his 
friends  and  foes  alike  as  a true  sportsman,  as  well  as  one  of  the  best 
fighters. 


Edmund  Gros,  Major,  Air  Service. 


♦HOWARD  R.  CLAPP 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Twenty-Second  Aero 
Squadron,  Second  Pursuit  Group 
Killed  in  action,  Nov.  3,  1918 

Son  of  Clift  Rogers  and  Gertrude  (Blanchard)  Clapp;  was  born 
at  Dorchester,  Mass.,  July  24,  1893.  He  prepared  for  college  at  the 
Newton  High  School  and  the  Noble  and  Greenough  School;  grad- 
uated from  Harvard  College,  in  1916;  entered  the  Law  School,  and 
during  his  first  year  there  joined  the  Harvard  Regiment. 

He  attended  the  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  from 
May  until  Aug.,  1917,  then  entered  the  School  of  Military  Aero- 
nautics, M.I.T.,  graduating  (with  honor)  Sept.  22,  1917;  he  con- 
tinued his  training  at  Mineola,  N.Y.,  about  Oct.  1,  1917;  was  com- 
missioned 1st  Lieut.  Dec.  17,  1917,  and  sailed  overseas  Jan.  29, 
1918.  After  training  at  Issoudun,  France,  Furbara,  Italy,  and  Orly, 
he  joined  the  22d  Aero  Squadron,  in  Aug.,  1918,  at  Toul. 

This  Squadron  in  two  months  lost  eleven  of  its  original  eighteen 
pilots,  and  had  forty- two  German  planes  to  its  credit;  it  was 
actively  engaged  throughout  the  fighting  along  the  left  bank  of 
the  Meuse  toward  Sedan,  during  the  last  month  of  the  war. 

On  the  afternoon  of  Nov.  3,  1918,  a patrol  of  six  pilots,  among 
whom  was  Lieut.  Clapp,  went  over  the  lines  in  single-seated  Spads 
to  bomb  a road  leading  out  of  Beaumont  to  the  north.  They  flew 
about  twenty  kilometres  inside  the  German  lines  and  on  their 
return  were  attacked  by  eighteen  German  Fokkers.  Three  Ger- 
man planes  are  known  to  have  been  brought  down  and  only  three 
of  the  American  planes  returned  to  their  own  lines;  two  of  them 
were  so  riddled  with  bullets  as  to  be  useless.  Of  the  three  Ameri- 
cans who  failed  to  return,  Lieut.  Tiffany  was  taken  prisoner,  un- 
injured; Lieut.  Gibson’s  plane,  and  grave,  were  later  identified 
near  Letanne,  but  no  trace  of  Lieut.  Clapp  has  been  found.  He 
was  last  seen  engaged  at  close  quarters  with  several  of  the  German 
planes,  and  the  officers  of  the  Squadron  reported  that  his  plane 
was  probably  exploded  by  an  incendiary  bullet  within  the  German 
lines,  near  Beaumont,  ten  miles  south  of  Sedan;  his  place  of  burial 
is  unknown.  Lieut.  Herman  C.  Rorison  was  decorated  for  his  con- 
duct in  this  fight.  The  other  survivors  are  Lieuts.  Frank  B.  Tyndall 
and  John  Crissey. 


HOWARD  R.  CLAPP 


Extract  from  letter  written  by  Lieut.  Clapp,  June  6,  1918,  de- 
scribing combat  practice: 

For  the  last  few  days  I have  been  at  the  last  field  of  this  Group,  doing 
combat  practice,  with  camera-guns.  It  is  the  most  thrilling  and  exciting 
work  we  have  done  so  far,  and  wonderful  practice.  It  accustoms  you  to 
handle  the  machine  without  paying  any  attention  to  it,  or  the  horizon,  or 
the  ground,  all  old  and  tried  friends  of  earlier  days  of  instruction.  But  in 
combat  your  only  thought  is  for  the  other  machine,  and  how  to  get  on  his 
tail,  or  keep  him  from  getting  on  yours.  I have  n’t  done  very  much  of  it 
yet;  twice  with  John  Agar  and  once  with  Harry  Harkins.  We  go  out  to- 
gether or  meet  over  some  prearranged  town,  and  then  the  fun  begins.  We 
start  to  circle,  each  one  climbing  for  all  he  is  worth,  and  at  the  same  time 
drawing  nearer  each  other.  Round  and  round,  and  up  and  up!  Finally  the 
circle  gets  so  tight  that  we  are  both  doing  practically  vertical  banks  and 
stretching  our  necks  to  the  limit  to  keep  an  eye  on  the  other  man.  Sud- 
denly one  or  the  other  breaks  — he  has  not  handled  his  control  properly 
in  his  anxiety  to  keep  his  place  — and  goes  down  in  a side-slip  or  vrille 
(tail-spin).  This  is  the  chance  that  the  other  man  has  been  waiting  for,  and 
he  kicks  the  lower  rudder  of  his  machine,  causing  it  to  fall  over  on  that 
side  and  down  on  the  other  man’s  tail.  The  latter  by  this  time  has  come 
out  of  the  vrille  by  going  into  a nose-dive,  and  with  the  tremendous  speed 
thus  acquired  points  his  machine  straight  upwards  in  a terrific  zoom. 
Then  the  real  fun  begins.  It  is  like  a juggler  playing  with  a couple  of  balls. 

This  morning  I smashed  my  first  bird  all  to  bits  — worse  luck.  I was 
coming  down  to  land  and  it  was  very  windy  and  our  field  is  terribly  rough. 
I had  her  on  the  ground  on  all  three  points  when  the  wheels  struck  a bump 
and  over  she  went  on  the  left  wing.  Then  things  happened  with  much 
speed  and  raising  of  dust.  She  whirled  round  like  a top,  smashing  the  other 
wing  to  kindling  wood  and  wiping  off  the  landing-gear  completely.  The 
last  thing  that  happened  was  one  of  the  wheels  flying  up  past  my  left  ear 
and  embedding  itself  in  the  wing!  I had  a tiny  scratch  on  my  left  elbow 
and  some  badly  hurt  feelings,  for  it  was  the  first  time  I had  done  any  real 
damage  to  any  of  Uncle  Sam’s  expensive  planes.  Very  much  disgusted! 


[ 10  ] 


ARTHUR  RAYMOND  BROOKS 


Captain,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Twenty-Second  Aero  Squadron 
Second  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  Frank  E.  and  Josephine  (Levasseur)  Brooks,  was  born 
at  Framingham,  Mass.,  Nov.  1,  1895.  He  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Framingham  and  graduated  from  the  M.I.T.  in  1917, 
where  he  was  editor-in-chief  of  the  “Tech”  Magazine. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Service  Sept.  1,  1917,  at  M.I.T. ; and  was 
ordered  to  Fort  Wood,  N.Y.  He  trained  with  the  R.F.C.  at  To- 
ronto, Can.,  from  Sept.  10  to  Nov.  10,  1917.  From  Nov.  10  to 
Feb.  25,  1918,  he  trained  at  Hicks  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Texas,  with 
the  28th  and  139th  Squadrons.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  on 
Feb.  25,  1918,  and  sailed  overseas  March  12  to  France,  where  he 
completed  his  training  at  the  3d  A.I.C.,  Issoudun.  On  Aug.  16, 
1918,  he  was  transferred  to  the  22d  Squadron  as  Flight  Com- 
mander and  was  prominent  in  the  brilliant  exploits  of  that  Squad- 
ron. On  Sept.  14,  1918,  he  won  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross, 
and  recommendation  for  the  Medal  of  Honor,  in  combat  with 
eight  Fokkers,  bringing  down  two  and  making  an  official  credit 
of  six. 

Lieut.  Howard  Clapp,  afterwards  killed  in  action,  wrote  of  this 
combat : 

Twelve  Fokkers  attacked  our  formation  of  six  from  above  and  in  the 
sun.  . . . 

Brooks  had  about  five  after  him,  and  they  stuck  very  tenaciously.  But 
he  is  a fine  flier  and  a good  shot,  and,  though  he  only  fired  75  rounds  during 
the  whole  affair,  succeeded  in  bringing  down  two  of  them  — one  in  flames. 
They  have  both  been  confirmed,  so  he  is  now  officially  an  ace. 

His  machine  was  very  badly  shot  up.  The  rudder  wires  were  cut 
through  on  one  side,  so  that  the  rudder  was  useless;  one  of  the  main  spars 
in  his  top  wing  was  smashed  and  a tire  punctured.  Yet,  in  spite  of  all  this 
he  brought  the  machine  safely  down  in  a rough  field  north  of  camp. 

A quotation  from  Capt.  Brooks’s  own  description  of  the  affair 
follows: 

We  were  still  at  5000  metres  or  about  three  miles  up.  The  “ we”  in  this 
case  referring  to  myself  and  eight  red-nosed  Richthofen  Circus  planes  bent 
on  an  eight -to-one  shot. 

We  were  ten  miles  behind  the  lines  of  the  infantry  and  my  chances  of 
escape  were  so  slight  that  I figured  I had  come  to  the  end.  I was  frankly 
scared,  but  in  spite  of  much  high  tension  and  futile  yelling  at  the  top  of 

[ ii  ] 


ARTHUR  RAYMOND  BROOKS 


my  voice,  I calculated,  by  nature  of  my  training,  I suppose,  to  get  as 
many  of  the  Fokkers  as  possible  before  the  inevitable. 

The  only  thing  that  saved  me  was  that  being  entirely  surrounded,  the 
Germans  could  not  shoot  at  me  without  being  in  their  own  way.  A stream 
of  white  ribbons  from  the  incendiary  bullets  and  the  tracers  would  cut 
through  the  gap  in  my  wings  so  that  if  I reached  out  my  hand  they  were 
close  enough  to  cut  it  off.  . . . 

Twice  I tried  to  ram  the  Fokkers  that  had  me  in  a direct  line  with  their 
guns.  One  red-nosed  “Night  Mare”  came  in  from  my  right  and  endeav- 
ored to  draw  me  under  by  playing  as  a foil  in  a swoop  to  my  level  and  then 
perceptibly  below. 

I had  just  time  to  dip  enough  to  see  his  features  before  I let  him  have 
a few  incendiary  bullets.  I was  n’t  even  sorry  for  him  after  that. 

Another  I turned  upon  and  after  a short,  close  burst  was  satisfied  that 
a second  had  quit,  although  he  did  not,  like  the  first,  apparently  catch 
fire.  . . . 

Two  more  of  the  Boches,  in  their  tactical  work,  happened  to  get  in  the 
way  of  my  line  of  fire  and  I finally  had  the  better  feeling  of  finding  myself 
with  a good  2000  metres,  directly  over  the  huge,  boomerang  lake  (La- 
chausee)  with  only  four  of  the  enemy  still  paying  me  too  much  attention 
to  suit  me. 

This  was  rather  more  dangerous  than  with  a swarm,  because  the  indi- 
viduals could  far  better  get  a good  shot  at  me  where  they  had  less  chance 
of  being  in  their  own  way. 

A 220  horse-power  Spad  can  out-dive  a Fokker  D-7  and  for  1500 
metres,  with  almost  full  motor,  I spun,  nose-dived,  and  slithered,  flattening 
out  just  over  the  rolling  country,  with  a fair  chance  over  those  four. 

Two  of  these,  and  finally  one,  kept  up  the  chase  for  a feeble  distance, 
but  retreated  to  my  glad  astonishment,  before  crossing  the  lines. 

Brooks  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  7,  1918.  After  the  sign- 
ing of  the  Armistice  he  was  stationed  at  Grand,  as  Commanding 
Officer  of  the  22d  Squadron.  He  was  commissioned  Capt.  on  March 
12,  1919.  Stationed  at  Selfridge  Field,  and  later  at  Kelly  Field. 

Citation 

D.S.C. 

For  the  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  over  Mars-la-Tour,  France,  Sept. 
14,  1918.  Lieut.  Brooks,  when  his  patrol  was  attacked  by  twelve  enemy 
Fokkers  over  Mars-la-Tour,  eight  miles  within  the  enemy  lines,  alone 
fought  bravely  and  relentlessly  with  eight  of  them,  pursuing  the  fight  from 
5000  metres  to  within  a few  metres  of  the  ground,  and  though  his  right 
rudder  control  was  out  and  his  plane  riddled  with  bullets,  he  destroyed 
two  Fokkers,  one  falling  out  of  control  and  the  other  bursting  into  flames. 

(Signed)  Pershing 


[ 12  ] 


* JAMES  DUDLEY  BEANE 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Twenty-Second  Aero 
Squadron,  Second  Pursuit  Group 
Killed  in  action,  Oct.  30,  1918 

Son  of  Edmund  Murry  and  Kate  (Miles)  Beane;  was  born  in  New 
York  City,  Jan.  20,  1896.  He  took  up  residence  in  Concord,  Mass., 
in  1909,  and  attended  the  Concord  High  School  where  he  made  a 
record  on  the  track  team.  On  graduation  he  entered  the  employ  of 
the  Department  of  Education  at  the  State  House,  in  Boston. 

He  sailed  for  France  in  June,  1916,  and  from  July  8,  1916,  to 
July  20,  1917,  served  as  ambulance  driver  in  the  American  Am- 
bulance Field  Service  on  the  Verdun  front.  He  joined  the  French 
Army  in  Aug.,  1917,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Lafayette  Escadrille 
for  training.  After  acting  as  Avion  de  Chasse  to  the  French,  from 
Aug.,  1917,  to  Feb.,  1918,  he  was  transferred  to  the  U.S.  Air  Serv- 
ice in  Feb.,  1918,  and  shortly  after  commissioned  1st  Lieut. 

He  had  several  German  planes  to  his  credit,  when  on  June  27, 
1918,  he  was  shot  down,  badly  wounded  after  a hard  battle  against 
overwhelming  odds.  He  left  the  Hospital  six  weeks  later  with  two 
fingers  gone,  but  insisted  on  rejoining  his  Squadron.  In  Aug.,  1918, 
he  was  transferred  to  the  22d  Aero  Squadron,  with  which  he  was 
flying  at  the  time  of  his  death.  On  Oct.  31,  1918,  he  was  officially 
reported  “Missing  in  action”  near  Bantheville,  after  one  of  the 
most  important  air  battles  of  the  year.  For  his  heroic  action  in  this 
engagement  he  was  posthumously  awarded  the  D.S.C.  Not  until 
April  29,  1919,  was  the  fact  of  his  death  fully  established.  A letter 
from  the  American  Military  Mission  in  Berlin  bearing  that  date 
states  definitely  that  Lieut.  Beane  was  killed  in  action  on  Oct.  30, 
1918,  and  that  he  was  buried  near  the  place  where  he  fell.  Capt. 
F.  W.  Zinn,  of  the  Air  Service,  reported  that  he  was  buried  “two 
kilometres  east  of  Brieulles-sur-Bar. 

D.S.C. 

For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Bantheville,  France,  Oct.  29, 
1918.  When  Lieut.  Beane’s  patrol  was  attacked  by  eight  enemy  planes 
(Fokker  type)  he  dived  into  their  midst  in  order  to  divert  their  attention 
from  the  other  machines  of  his  group  and  shot  down  one  of  the  Fokkers  in 
flames.  Four  other  Fokkers  then  joined  in  the  battle,  one  of  which  was 
also  destroyed  by  this  officer. 

( Signed ) Pershing 

[ 14  ] 


* ROBERT  HEWINS  STILES 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Thirteenth  Aero  Squadron 
Second  Pursuit  Group 
Killed  in  action , Sept.  1G,  1918 

Son  of  Walter  F.  and  Annette  L.  (Hewins)  Stiles;  was  born  at 
Fitchburg,  Mass.,  Nov.  15,  1894.  He  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Fitchburg  and  graduated  in  1916  from  Harvard  College,  where 
he  was  prominent  in  many  associations.  He  was  on  the  editorial 
board  of  the  Crimson;  its  managing  editor  in  1915,  and  president 
of  the  board  of  editors  in  1916.  He  was  a member  of  the  freshman 
baseball  squad,  and  manager  of  the  ’Varsity  baseball  team  in  1916; 
also  president  of  the  freshman  Mandolin  and  Banjo  Club.  After 
graduation  he  became  commission  sales  agent  for  a well-known 
textile  firm,  and  was  doing  a very  successful  business  at  the  time 
of  his  enlistment. 

In  the  summer  of  1916  he  attended  the  Harvard  Aviation  School 
at  Buffalo,  N.Y.,  where  he  obtained  an  aviator’s  license.  In  June, 
1917,  he  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  for  the  Aviation  Service;  trained 
at  the  M.I.T.  from  Aug.  20,  1917,  until  Oct.,  when  he  was  sent 
overseas,  continuing  his  training  at  Issoudun,  France.  He  was 
commissioned  1st  Lieut,  May  13,  1918.  On  Aug.  7,  1918,  he  was 
sent  to  the  front  attached  to  the  13th  Squadron,  2d  Pursuit  Group. 
On  Aug.  15  he  was  given  credit  for  bringing  down  a German  plane 
during  his  first  engagement.  Lieut.  Stiles  took  part  in  the  St.- 
Mihiel  drive,  and  on  Sept.  16,  1918,  was  reported  “Missing  in 
action.”  It  was  later  ascertained  that  he  had  been  killed  in  action 
on  that  date,  having  been  brought  down  by  four  or  five  German 
planes.  He  was  shot  through  the  chest  and  death  was  instanta- 
neous on  landing.  He  was  buried  near  where  he  fell  in  a little 
cemetery  beside  some  Germans,  who  had  been  killed  in  1871. 
Later,  he  was  reburied  in  the  officers’  section  of  the  cemetery  at 
Thiaucourt.  On  the  day  of  his  death  Lieut.  Stiles  was  the  leader  of 
a patrol  of  three,  and  when  seven  miles  southwest  of  Metz  these 
men  were  attacked  by  a number  of  German  planes.  Two  of  the 
men  were  able  to  reach  their  own  lines,  but  Lieut.  Stiles  was  last 
seen  flying  straight  into  Germany.  Although  only  officially  cred- 
ited with  one  plane,  it  has  been  reported  by  other  aviators  that 
Stiles  brought  down  several  planes  after  his  first  one.  He  was  cited 

[ 16  ] 


ROBERT  I IE  WINS  STILES 


by  Gen.  Pershing,  “For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  conspicuous 
services  with  the  13th  Squadron.” 

Capt.  Biddle,  Commander  of  the  13th  Squadron,  wrote  of  him: 

Lieut.  Stiles  was  one  of  my  Flight  Commanders,  and  I considered  him 
one  of  the  most  valuable  men  in  the  Squadron,  and  the  loss  to  all  of  his 
friends  here  who  admired  him  so  much  for  his  courage  and  fine  character 
cannot  be  measured. 

Capt.  Biddle  elsewhere  wrote  of  this  engagement: 

In  three  days.  Sept.  13  to  15,  the  13th  Squadron  shot  down  officially 
eight  German  machines,  all  single-seater  fighting  planes.  In  the  mean- 
time, however,  we  ourselves  lost  six  men,  two  of  them  being  among  my 
best  pilots. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Walter  F.  Stiles,  Jr.,  1st  Lieut.,  Q.M.C.,  A.E.F. 


LOUIS  EVANS  BOUTWELL 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Twenty-Second  Aero 
Squadron,  Second  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  Harvey  L.  and  Nellie  C.  Boutwell;  was  born  in  Malden, 
Mass.,  Feb.  15,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  the  Stone  School,  Bos- 
ton; Bowdoin  College;  and  Boston  University,  Law  School,  LL.B. 
1917.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Suffolk  County  Bar,  in  Sept.,  1917. 

On  Oct.  30,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  and  had  eight 
weeks’  ground  training  at  the  M.I.T.  He  then  attended  the  flying 
school  at  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La.,  until  Sept.  1,  1918.  He 
was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  on  May  13,  1918.  At  Gerstner  Field 
during  the  summer  of  1918,  in  addition  to  flying,  he  was  detailed 
as  Trial  Judge  Advocate  before  special  courts-martial,  and  as 
such  tried  forty  or  more  cases. 

Lieut.  Boutwell  sailed  overseas  on  Sept.  6,  1918.  He  spent  some 
time  in  the  hospital  at  Issoudun  with  influenza.  Upon  recovery  he 
was  assigned  to  22d  Aero  Squadron,  2d  Pursuit  Group;  and  at  last 
account  was  still  overseas  with  the  Third  Army  of  Occupation.  At 
Charmont  he  was  ordered  to  do  important  work  as  Judge  Advo- 
cate, although  not  relieved  from  his  full  duty  as  a member  of  the 
22d  Squadron. 


[ 18  ] 


HARRY  BOIT  FREEMAN 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Ninetieth  Aero  Squadron 
Thirteenth  Aero  Squadron,  Second  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  Franklin  W.  and  Helen  (Boit)  Freeman,  of  Wakefield, 
Mass.;  was  born  in  Newton  Lower  Falls,  Oct.  17,  1896.  He  was 
educated  at  Wakefield  High  School;  Cheshire  Academy,  Cheshire, 
Conn.;  and  the  University  of  Washington  (one  year);  also,  he  had 
two  years  at  Yale  College,  class  of  1919.  He  played  on  the  baseball 
and  football  teams  at  Cheshire,  and  on  the  football  team  at  Yale. 

He  enlisted  on  June  12,  1917,  at  Boston,  and  began  preliminary 
training  at  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  where  he  finished  on  Aug.  4, 
1917.  He  was  one  of  ten  men  chosen  to  go  at  once  to  France  for 
training,  and  he  sailed  overseas  on  Aug.  22.  He  went  directly  to 
Liverpool,  and  from  there  to  Southampton  and  Le  Havre.  He  was 
one  of  a detachment  of  fifty  men  chosen  from  all  the  ground  schools 
in  the  United  States.  After  a few  weeks  at  Etampes,  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  Issoudun,  where  for  two  weeks  he  was  engaged  in  general 
construction  work.  Following  this  he  spent  four  months  at  the 
Aviation  School  at  Tours,  and  was  bre vetted  Jan.  29,  1918.  He 
finished  tests  at  Tours  on  Dec.  19,  1917,  but  was  delayed  by  quar- 
antine and  change  of  management. 

On  Feb.  2,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  and  went  to 
Issoudun  for  Nieuport  training,  and  then  to  the  French  Aerial 
Gunnery  School  at  Cazaux,  with  a class  of  twenty  men,  for  the 
month  of  April.  He  returned  to  Issoudun  for  combat  training,  but 
owing  to  shortage  of  pilots  was  sent  out  to  the  90th  Observation 
Squadron. 

During  May  and  June  Lieut.  Freeman  was  stationed  with  the 
90th  Squadron  at  Amanty  and  Ourches,  flying  biplace  Sopwiths. 
On  July  1 he  was  transferred  to  the  13th  Squadron,  2d  Pursuit 
Group,  stationed  at  Toul.  He  served  as  Deputy  Flight  Commander 
to  “Hobey”  Baker,  during  July  and  the  first  half  of  Aug.  He  was 
then  made  Flight  Commander.  He  engaged  in  several  combats 
during  July,  Aug.,  and  Sept.,  and  led  a formation  of  four  against 
six  Boches,  at  an  altitude  of  21,500  feet,  the  highest  combat  on 
the  U.S.  record.  He  is  credited  with  three  enemy  planes. 

On  Sept.  14  he  was  one  of  a patrol  of  fourteen  planes  which  en- 
gaged a number  of  Boches. 


[ 19  1 


HARRY  BOIT  FREEMAN 


On  Sept.  11,  1018,  he  was  sent  over  ten  miles  within  the  lines  in 
a heavy  rainstorm  to  learn  if  the  Huns  were  evacuating  the  St.- 
Mihiel  salient.  On  Sept.  14  he  was  one  of  a patrol  of  fourteen  planes 
which  engaged  a number  of  Boches  near  Pont-a-Mousson,  where 
four  men  were  lost.  Due  to  a failure  of  his  motor  during  combat, 
he  was  forced  to  land  directly  back  of  the  German  front  lines,  and 
was  made  prisoner.  He  was  confined  in  the  prisons  of  Metz,  St.- 
Avold,  Strasbourg,  Karlsruhe,  Landshut,  Villingen,  and  Con- 
stance. Being  released  after  the  Armistice,  he  returned  through 
Switzerland  to  France  on  Dec.  1,  1918;  and  sailed  for  America  on 
Feb.  1,  1919.  He  was  honorably  discharged  on  Feb.  7,  1919,  at 
Garden  City,  N.Y. 

Since  his  discharge  Lieut.  Freeman  has  been  cited  by  Gen. 
Pershing  “for  conspicuous  bravery  in  Service.” 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Willard  J.  Freeman,  1st  Lieut.,  23d  Infantry,  U.S.A.;  died  in 
Service 


[ 20  ] 


* JOSEPH  EMMETT  BEAUTON 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Thirteenth  Aero  Squadron 
Second  Pursuit  Group 

Killed  in  airplane  accident , June  3,  1918 

Son  of  William  F.  N.  and  Ella  Teresa  (Ahern)  Beauton;  was  born 
at  New  Haven,  Conn.,  March  13,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Lovell  Grammar  School,  New  Haven  High  School,  and  Sheffield 
Scientific  School,  Yale.  At  high  school  he  played  on  the  football 
team  in  1911,  T2,  and  T3.  At  Yale  he  played  on  the  freshman  foot- 
ball team  in  1914. 

He  enlisted  in  July,  1917,  and  trained  first  at  the  Ground  School 
of  Urbana  University,  111.,  until  about  Sept.  15.  From  then  until 
Dec.  1,  1917,  he  trained  at  the  Flying  School  in  Belleville,  111.; 
and  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  Dec.  23,  1917.  He  sailed  over- 
seas in  Feb.,  1918,  and  received  training  first  on  Caudrons.  Later 
he  went  through  the  courses  for  advanced  training  at  Issoudun. 
He  joined  the  first  flight  of  the  13th  Squadron,  which  was  sent  to 
the  front  south  of  Chalons-sur-Marne;  the  Group  consisting  of 
the  99th  Observation  Squadron  and  one  French  Escadrille.  This 
Group  was  stationed  at  Haussimont-sur-Marne,  and  worked  with 
an  artillery  camp  from  March  until  June,  1918.  On  June  1 the 
99th  Squadron  was  ordered  to  Amanty,  leaving  the  flight  of  the 
13th  to  work  from  this  field  with  the  French  until  the  Squadron 
should  be  completed.  On  the  morning  of  June  3,  Lieut.  Beauton 
took  his  mechanic,  Hugh  A.  Tate,  up  for  a trial  flight.  They  left 
at  about  seven-thirty,  and  returned  about  fifteen  minutes  later, 
because  of  motor  trouble.  At  that  time  Sopwiths  were  being  used, 
and  were  not  of  the  most  dependable  type.  As  the  machine  neared 
the  edge  of  the  field  it  was  seen  to  side-slip  and  then  nose  over  and 
dive.  Lieut.  Beauton  fell  and  was  killed.  He  was  buried  in  the  town 
of  Mailly,  seven  miles  from  Haussimont,  France. 


EARLE  F.  RICHARDS 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Thirteenth  Aero  Squadron 
Second  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Benjamin  F.  Richards;  was  born  at  West 
Haven,  Conn.,  April  17,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Suffield 
School,  Suffield,  Conn.,  and  at  Wesleyan  University,  Middletown, 
Conn.  At  college  he  was  a member  of  the  freshman  and  ’Varsity, 
football  teams,  the  class  basketball  team,  and  the  ’Varsity  track 
team.  He  trained  with  the  Wesleyan  R.O.T.C. 

He  went  overseas  in  the  spring  of  1917,  and  served  for  four 
months  with  the  American  Ambulance  Field  Service,  behind  Sois- 
sons,  and  in  the  Champagne,  taking  part  in  the  evacuation  under 
fire  at  Gueux,  which  won  the  unit  a citation,  and  Croix  de  Guerre 
from  the  French,  July  14,  1917. 

In  Oct.,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Paris  in  the  U.S.  Aviation  Service, 
and  was  sent  to  Tours  for  training,  where  he  received  the  French 
Brevet,  in  Feb.,  1918.  He  trained  at  the  3d  A.I.C.  at  Issoudun  from 
Feb.  to  April,  1918,  and  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  March  8, 
1918.  He  attended  the  Aerial  Gunnery  School  at  Cazaux  until  May, 
1918,  when  he  was  assigned  as  Ferry  Pilot  to  the  1st  A.A.P.,  Orly 
(Seine),  remaining  until  June  14,  1918.  He  was  transferred  to  the 
1st  Air  Depot,  at  Colombey-les-Belles,  June  14  to  July  14,  and  on 
July  5 was  attached  to  the  13th  Aero  Squadron,  2d  Pursuit  Group, 
with  which  he  went  to  the  front  in  the  Toul  sector. 

On  Sept.  29,  1918,  during  the  Argonne  offensive,  Lieut.  Richards 
was  brought  down,  wounded  in  action,  and  was  sent  to  the  hospital. 
He  reported  for  duty  on  Nov.  26,  and  served  as  Flight  Commander, 
13th  Squadron,  from  Dec.  18,  1918,  to  Jan.  4,  1919.  He  was  hon- 
orably discharged  on  April  7,  1919,  at  St.-Aignan,  France,  and  re- 
turned to  the  U.S.  Inactive  Status:  Capt.  in  Reserve;  per  letter 
War  Dept.,  June,  1919,  Lieut.  Richards  designed  the  insignia  of 
his  Squadron. 

Married,  May  16,  1919,  at  Paris,  France,  Edith  L.  Armstrong. 

From  the  Commander  in  Chief,  A.E.F.,  for  conspicuous  and  especially 

meritorious  service. 

First  Lieutenant  Earle  F.  Richards,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Pilot,  13th  Aero 
Squadron,  2d  Pursuit  Group,  is  hereby  credited  with  the  destruction,  in 
combat,  of  two  enemy  Pfalz,  in  the  region  of  Cormsy,  at  4000  metres  alti- 
tude, on  Sept.  14,  1919,  at  8.05  o’clock. 

[ 24  ] 


DAVID  W.  HOWE 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Thirteenth  Aero  Squadron 
Second  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  Willard  B.  and  Annie  B.  Howe;  was  born  in  Burlington, 
Vt.,  June  22,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  the  Burlington  High  School, 
graduating  in  1910;  and  at  the  University  of  Vermont,  A.B.  1914, 
where  he  was  a member  of  Sigma  Phi  and  Phi  Beta  Kappa  Fra- 
ternities. He  trained  for  two  years  in  the  student  battalion  of  the 
University  of  Vermont. 

He  enlisted  at  New  York  on  May  12,  1917,  and  attended  the 
First  Plattsburg  Officers’  Camp,  from  May  12  to  June  25,  1917. 
He  then  trained  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  June  to  Aug.,  1917; 
and  at  Hazelhurst  Field,  Mineola,  N.Y.,  Aug.  to  Oet.,  1917.  On 
Nov.  2,  with  a 1st  Lieut. ’s  commission,  dating  from  Nov.  3,  1917, 
he  sailed  overseas,  and  was  in  training  at  the  3d  A.I.C.,  Issoudun, 
France,  from  Dec.  to  March,  1918.  In  March  and  April  he  was 
stationed  at  the  Ecole  de  Tir  Aerienne,  Cazaux;  and  acted  as 
ferry  pilot  at  Orly  on  the  Seine,  in  May  and  June,  1918. 

In  July,  1918,  Lieut.  Howe  joined  the  13th  Aero  Squadron,  2d 
Pursuit  Group,  organizing  on  the  Toul  sector,  and  remained  with 
this  Squadron  at  Toul,  Bebain  and  Souilly  aerodromes  until  Dec.  5, 
1918.  He  returned  to  America  and  was  honorably  discharged  on 
Feb.  25,  1919. 

Copy  of  a General  Order:  “ Headquarters  Air  Service  First  Army,  A.E.F. 
France,  Sept.  22,  1918.  General  Orders,  Number  8.  Par.  6,  1st  Lieutenants 
J.  D.  Este,  J.  J.  Seerly,  R.  R.  S.  Converse,  D.  W.  Howe,  and  2d  Lieut. 
F.  E.  Hays,  13th  Aero  Squadron,  Second  Pursuit  Group,  are  hereby 
credited  with  the  destruction,  in  combat,  of  three  enemy  biplane  Fokkers, 
in  the  region  of  Chambley,  at  2400  metres  altitude  on  Sept.  13,  1918,  and 
18:35  to  19:55  o’clock.  By  Order  of  Colonel  Mitchell.  ( Signed ) T.  DeW. 
Milling,  Colonel,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Chief  of  Staff.  Official:  W.  P.  Kelleher, 
Major,  A.8.,  U.S.A.,  Adjutant 


[ 26  ] 


HENRY  I.  RILEY 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Thirteenth  Aero  Squadron 
Second  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  Charles  E.  and  Stella  (Bosworth)  Riley;  was  born  Sept. 
24,  1894,  at  North  Attleboro,  Mass.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  North  Attleboro,  and  studied  Electrical  Engineering  for 
three  years  at  the  Rhode  Island  State  College.  He  played  on  the 
baseball  team  at  the  high  school,  and  belonged  to  the  Cadet  Corps 
of  Rhode  Island  State  College. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Service  of  the  U.S.  at  the  Officers’  Training 
Camp  at  Plattsburg,  on  May  14,  1917.  He  was  trained  at  Platts- 
burg,  N.Y.,  and  at  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.  He  was  later  trans- 
ferred to  Mineola,  Long  Island,  N.Y.,  for  a course  in  Primary 
Flying. 

He  sailed  overseas,  and  he  attended  the  aviation  schools  in 
France,  at  Issoudun,  Cazaux,  Orly,  Seine;  at  Colombey-les-Belles; 
at  Toul;  and  at  Belrain.  Subsequently  he  was  attached  to  the  13th 
Squadron,  2d  Pursuit  Group.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  on 
Dec.  13,  1917,  and  received  active  orders  as  1st  Lieut,  on  Feb.  11, 
1918.  Returning  to  the  U.S.,  he  was  stationed  at  Carlstrom  Field, 
Arcadia,  Florida. 

Married,  Nov.  7,  1918,  Catharina  Slaign. 


JAMES  DWIGHT  FRANCIS 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Forty-First  Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Henry  A.  and  Agnes  (Bartlett)  Francis;  was  born  at  Pitts- 
field, Mass.,  Jan.  13,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Pittsfield  High 
School,  at  Phillips  Andover  Academy,  and  at  Harvard  College, 
class  of  1919.  In  1916  he  belonged  to  the  Harvard  Regiment  and 
attended  the  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  N.Y.  He  was 
a member  of  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.,  1916-17. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service  at  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  on 
July  6,  1917.  After  completing  the  course  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School  he  was  sent  overseas,  and  received  the  remainder  of  his 
training  in  French  schools.  He  attended  the  3d  A.I.C.  at  Issoudun, 
from  Oct.,  1917,  to  May,  1918,  as  a Cadet.  On  May  13,  1918,  he 
was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.A.  He  was  ordered  to  the  Cazaux 
Instruction  Centre  in  June,  1918.  From  July  to  Oct.,  1918,  he 
served  as  Instructor  at  the  3d  A.I.C.,  Issoudun.  During  Nov.  and 
Dec.,  1918,  he  was  assigned  to  the  41st  Aero  Squadron,  5th  Pursuit 
Group. 

Lieut.  Francis  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y., 
on  Feb.  8,  1919. 

Members  of  family  in  Service  — 

Grandfather : William  Francis  Bartlett,  Major-General  in  Civil 
War. 

Ancestors  in  Revolutionary  War : 

William  Francis,  Captain. 

Daniel  Hubbard,  Captain. 

Jabez  Hall,  Captain;  died  in  service,  1776. 

Seth  Pomeroy,  General;  died  in  service,  1777. 


t 28  ] 


STUART  ELLIS  ELLIOTT 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Thirteenth  Aero  Squadron 
Second  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  John  Stuart  and  Helena  Forsyth  (Ellis)  Elliott,  of  Wash- 
ington, D.C.;  was  born  at  Osterville,  Mass.,  Aug.  24,  1892.  He 
was  educated  at  the  Fay  School,  St.  Paul’s  School,  Concord,  N.H., 
Harvard,  A.B.  1914,  and  M.I.T.  (graduate  work).  While  at  school 
and  college  he  engaged  in  general  athletic  sports. 

Previous  to  the  war  he  served  four  years  in  Troop  B,  M.V.M. 
He  enlisted  on  May  21,  1917,  at  Boston,  and  trained  first  at  the 
Ground  School,  M.I.T.  He  continued  his  training  at  Mineola;  and 
sailed  for  France  on  Oct.  27,  1917,  where  he  had  further  training 
at  Issoudun  and  Cazaux,  France.  He  was  commissioned  1st 
Lieut,  on  Sept.  17, 1917.  During  April  and  May,  1918,  he  was  ferry 
pilot  at  Orly.  He  saw  active  service  from  July  1 to  Oct.  11,  1918, 
being  attached  to  the  13th  Aero  Squadron,  2d  Pursuit  Group,  of 
which  Major  (then  Capt.)  Charles  Biddle  was  Commander.  He 
was  stationed  near  Toul  from  July  1 to  Sept.  14,  and  took  part  in 
the  St.-Mihiel  offensive.  On  Sept.  20  he  moved  to  Belrain,  where 
he  remained  until  Nov.  4,  taking  part  in  the  Argonne-Meuse  drive. 
On  Nov.  5 he  was  moved  to  Souilly.  He  has  a record  for  100  hours 
over  the  lines  in  a 220  Spad.  He  flew  patrols,  protections,  and  took 
part  in  “strafing”  sorties.  He  returned  from  France  on  March  4, 
1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged  at  Camp  Mills,  on  April  11, 
1919. 


HUGH  BRIDGMAN 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Forty-Ninth  Aero  Squadron 
Second  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  Lewis  J.  and  Annie  Page  (Campbell)  Bridgman;  was  born 
at  Salem,  Mass.,  Oct.  26,  1897.  He  was  educated  in  the  Salem 
public  schools,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1919.  He  was  on 
the  staff  of  the  Crimson , and  was  a member  of  the  winning  crew  in 
an  interdormitory  boat-race  in  1916. 

He  sailed  for  France  on  Feb.  19,  1917.  with  the  Harvard  Unit 
of  the  American  Ambulance  Field  Service.  On  Sept.  15,  1917,  he 
enlisted  in  the  Air  Service,  U.S.A.,  and  was  trained  at  Tours,  and 
at  Issoudun.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1918,  and  in 
June  was  one  of  the  first  group  of  ten  American  aviators  chosen  to 
pilot  French  fighting-planes  at  the  front.  He  was  later  transferred 
to  the  49th  Squadron  2d  Pursuit  Group,  and  took  part  in  the 
first  “ All-American  ” offensive  in  Sept.,  1918.  He  did  excellent 
work  and  was  credited  with  one  Boche. 

He  wrote  of  this  exploit: 

I don’t  think  I wrote  what  a nice  birthday  I had.  I got  a beautiful 
present.  The  telephone  rang  and  they  told  me  I had  official  confirmation 
on  a Fokker  I got  in  flames,  with  another  boy,  two  days  before  I attained 
my  majority. 

It  was  queer  the  way  we  got  him.  We  have  the  old  Richthofen  Circus 
opposite  us  now,  and  they  are  marvellous  pilots  and  full  of  all  kinds  of 
tricks.  Seven  of  them  laid  a trap  for  our  patrol  — four  staying  high,  and 
three  coming  down  to  invite  us  to  attack  them.  We  did  just  what  they 
wanted  us  to  do,  — but  left  the  rear  man  up  top  to  protect  us. 

We  dove  2000  metres  after  the  Fokkers,  who  dove  also,  into  Germany. 
They  had  a head  start,  so  all  we  could  get  was  a long  shot  with  incendi- 
aries. One  of  them  caught  fire,  and  as  we  were  low,  and  in  Germany,  with 
the  other  Fokkers  trying  to  get  a chance  to  pick  on  us,  we  pulled  up. 

As  I did  so,  my  motor  stopped,  and  I went  down  some  more.  I fiddled 
with  it  and  it  picked  up,  and  I staggered  back  home  on  a level  with  the 
observation  balloons. 

Our  Squadron  now  has  a record  of  22  Boches,  with  only  five  losses.  . . . 
More  than  four  to  one. 

In  a letter  dated  Sept.  17,  1918,  he  wrote  of  the  offensive: 

Our  quiet  sector  has  been  turned  into  an  important  one.  I am  so  glad 
to  have  been  in  the  operation  as  it  was  the  first  all-American  offensive 
since  we  entered  the  war. 

It  was,  of  course,  very  successfully  carried  out.  . . . We  were  handi- 

[ 32  ] 


HUGH  BRIDGMAN 


capped  in  our  particular  line  of  trade  by  nasty  weather,  clouds  so  low  we 
had  to  hop  the  hedges  (almost)  to  fly  at  all,  and  squalls  of  rain  every  ten 
minutes.  There  was  a strong  wind,  too. 

Dawn  of  the  offensive,  I went  out  alone,  more  to  satisfy  my  curiosity 
than  to  fight,  as  there  were  no  enemy  planes  up  at  all.  The  front  looked 
queer  because  my  perspective  was  changed.  We  always  fly  high  up,  15,000 
to  20,000  feet,  and  here  I was  only  a few  hundred.  It  was  just  beginning 
to  grow  light,  and  in  the  semi-darkness  the  flashes  of  the  guns  we  had 
massed  on  the  lines  looked  like  thousands  of  fireflies.  I could  see  them 
twinkling  constantly,  fifteen  or  twenty  miles  up  and  down  the  front. 

The  guns  near  me  rather  worried  me  for  a while.  The  shells  were  coming 
so  fast  that  they  tossed  me  around  quite  a bit,  disturbing  the  air  as  they 
did.  The  detonations  were  very  clear. 

I looked  around  for  enemy  planes,  but  all  I saw  that  morning  were  our 
liaison  planes  following  infantry,  and  then  chasing  back  to  tell  head- 
quarters and  batteries  all  about  it  by  wireless.  They  were  working  at  my 
own  height,  and  once  in  a while  an  unusually  low  cloud  would  come  by, 
and  get  two  of  us  hidden  together,  whereupon  I would  dive  out  for  all  I 
was  worth  to  avoid  a collision. 

During  my  flight  I superintended  the  affair  up  and  down  the  entire 
front  of  operations.  In  one  place  I went  down  and  watched  a local  attack 
by  the  infantry  supported  by  small  tanks.  Viewed  from  above,  an  attack 
is  ridiculously  slow.  The  tanks  seem  to  crawl,  and  the  men  crawl  with  them. 
In  reality  I’ve  seen  the  tanks,  and  they  are  fast  for  anything  so  clumsy. 

It  was  tiresome  to  circle  around  and  watch  that  particular  attack,  so 
after  a time  I crossed  into  Germany  and  looked  over  the  Bodies  in  their 
reserve  trenches.  Quantities  of  shells  were  bursting  on  this  side  and  a few 
on  our  own  territory.  I was  only  machine-gunned  once  from  the  ground. 

Altogether  that  first  morning  was  the  most  impressive  I shall  probably 
ever  see,  and  to  witness  it  in  such  a complete  way  was  worth  anything 
I’ve  got. 

Lieut.  Bridgman  was  honorably  discharged  at  Camp  Devens, 
March  18,  1919. 


Citation 

First  Lieutenant  Hugh  Bridgman,  A.S.,  49th  Aero  Squadron:  For  dis- 
tinguished and  exceptional  gallantry  at  Aincreville,  France  on,  23d  Oct., 
1918,  in  the  operation  of  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces.  In  testi- 
mony thereof,  and  as  an  expression  of  appreciation  of  his  valor,  I award 
this  citation. 

(Signed)  John  J.  Pershing, 

Commander-in-Chief 


THE  THIRD  PURSUIT  GROUP 


By  Lieutenant  Chester  E.  Wright,  Ninety-Third  Aero 

Squadron 

The  Third  Pursuit  Group  was  formed  at  Vaucouleurs  under  the 
command  of  Major  William  Thaw,  in  the  first  days  of  Aug.,  1918. 
It  included  the  103d,  the  93d,  the  213th  and  the  28th  Squadrons. 
Of  these  the  103d,  or  the  former  Lafayette  Escadrille,  was  the 
only  one  which  had  operated  before.  It  was  several  weeks  before 
the  other  three  were  equipped  and  ready  for  work.  There  were 
many  difficulties,  such  as  the  lack  of  planes,  parts,  and  efficient 
mechanics,  to  be  met  with  and  overcome.  Yet  in  this  short  period 
each  organization  became  complete  and  began  its  patrols  accord- 
ing to  schedule. 

At  this  time  there  was  but  little  enemy  activity  on  the  Toul 
sector,  so  that  it  was  possible  for  the  new  men  to  gain  much  ex- 
perience over  the  lines  before  the  real  contest  began.  On  Sept.  12, 
1918,  the  drive  of  the  First  American  Army  on  the  Boche  positions 
between  St.-Mihiel  and  Pont-a-Mousson  commenced.  With  this, 
the  group  took  up  its  duties  in  earnest.  Patrols  were  constantly 
sent  over  the  lines  to  bomb,  “strafe,”  destroy  balloons,  protect  ob- 
servation and  bombing  planes,  and  drive  back  the  enemy  forma- 
tions. With  but  small  losses,  very  satisfactory  results  were  achieved. 
The  German  formations  encountered  were  not  as  strong  or  as 
skilful  as  they  later  proved  to  be  on  the  Argonne  and  Verdun  sector. 
Beside,  their  “chasse”  planes,  most  commonly  the  Fokker  type, 
were  not  quite  as  good  for  fighting  purposes  as  the  French  220  H.P. 
Spads  used  by  the  Americans.  The  Spads  had  the  advantage  of 
speed,  strength,  and  diving  ability.  However,  the  Fokkers  made 
up  for  this  to  a certain  extent  by  their  adeptness  in  climbing  and 
manoeuvring.  Taken  as  a whole,  the  forces  were  faily  well  matched. 

On  the  24th  of  Sept,  the  First  Army  having  reached  its  ob- 
jectives, transferred  its  forces  to  the  Argonne.  The  Third  Pursuit 
Squadron  accordingly  moved  with  them,  and  became  settled  at 
LTsle-en-Barrois,  about  20  kilometres  southeast  of  Verdun.  In 
carrying  out  their  missions  here  our  patrols  met  with  much 
fiercer  opposition  than  before.  The  Germans  sent  out  patrols  in 
greater  numbers  and  played  a most  cautious  game.  It  was  not  un- 
usual for  our  fairly  scattered  formations  of  three  to  eight  planes 


THE  THIRD  PURSUIT  GROUP 


to  encounter  twice  as  many.  Yet  the  work  went  on  with  the  same 
degree  of  success  as  before.  A German  captain  who  was  taken 
prisoner  after  his  machine  had  been  shot  down  in  flames,  and  he 
had  been  forced  to  escape  in  a parachute,  made  a fair  statement  of 
facts  when  he  said:  “Your  organization  is  poor.  You  patrol  in 
small  numbers  far  into  German  territory,  yet  you  get  amazing 
results.  It  is  due  to  a certain  amount  of  daring  and  luck,  mostly 
the  latter.” 

With  the  retreat  of  the  Huns,  it  was  again  necessary  for  the 
group  to  change  position.  On  Nov.  6 it  moved  toward  the  lines 
ten  kilometres  to  Foucacourt.  Adverse  weather  from  this  day 
to  the  Armistice  permitted  only  a few  patrols  and  bombing  ex- 
peditions. On  Nov.  11  the  Group  Commander,  now  Lieut. -Col. 
Thaw,  gave  out  the  order  “All  hostilities  will  cease  at  11  a.m.”  In 
the  short  three  months  of  activity  up  to  this  time  the  following 
official  confirmations  on  the  destruction  of  enemy  planes  had  been 
received:  the  93d,  thirty-two;  the  103d,  twenty-eight;  the  28th, 
fourteen;  and  the  213th,  twelve.  Sharing  in  these  victories  were 
the  following  New  England  men:  William  Loomis,  Richard 
Loomis,  Bryant  Woods,  Clarence  H.  Faith,  William  C.  Appleton, 
Hugo  A.  Kenyon,  and  Chester  E.  Wright. 


WILLIAM  CHANNING  APPLETON,  Jr. 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Third 
Aero  Squadron,  Third  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  William  Channing  and  Edna  (Turner)  Appleton;  was  born 
in  Jamaica  Plain,  Mass.,  on  March  15,  1897.  He  attended  the 
Noble  and  Greenough  School,  Boston,  and  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  in  1917.  At  school  and  college  he  took  part  in  athletics; 
at  school  he  played  on  the  baseball  team;  and  at  Harvard  was 
captain  of  the  second  ’Varsity  hockey  team,  1915-16,  and  a 
member  of  the  ’Varsity  hockey  team,  1916-17. 

He  trained  with  the  Harvard  Regiment  in  1915-16,  attended 
the  Plattsburg  Camp  in  1916,  and  took  a Military  Science  course 
at  Harvard,  1916-17.  In  May,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  American 
Ambulance  Field  Service,  sailed  that  month  for  France,  and  was 
attached  to  the  Camion  Service  (T.M.U.  133),  which  operated 
along  the  Aisne  and  Chemin  des  Dames  front  from  June  to  Nov., 
1917. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service,  U.S.A.,  in  Paris  on  Dec.  3,  1917. 
He  was  stationed  at  Paris,  at  Tours,  and  at  St.-Maixent  from 
Dec.,  1917,  to  April,  1918;  and  trained  at  Gondrecourt,  Tours, 
Issoudun,  and  Cazaux,  from  May  to  Oct.,  1918.  On  May  18,  1918, 
he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A.  On  Oct.  13,  1918,  he 
was  attached  as  pilot  to  the  103d  Aero  Squadron,  3d  Pursuit 
Group  (1st  Pursuit  Wing  of  the  1st  Army),  then  stationed  at 
L’lsle-en-Barrois,  and  later  moved  to  Foucacourt  Field,  near  the 
Argonne  Forest.  In  the  weeks  before  the  Armistice  the  103d 
Squadron  patrolled  the  Argonne-Meuse  front  between  Grandpre 
and  Verdun,  and  later  from  Verdun  northward  beyond  Stenay, 
during  the  battles  which  resulted  in  the  taking  of  Grandpre,  Dun, 
Stenay,  etc.  The  following  extracts  are  from  letters  written  by 
Lieut.  Appleton: 


October  20,  1918 

. . . Yesterday  we  went  out  to  get  a plane  which  had  a forced  landing 
near  the  lines.  It  was  on  a hill  where  eight  days  before  the  Americans  had 
rushed  up  over.  Old  tanks,  etc.,  lying  around  and  lots  of  dead  Germans, 
all  hit  in  the  chest  by  bayonet  or  machine  gun.  . . . 

This  country  seems  much  more  like  one’s  idea  of  war  than  the  last 
summer’s  country  [the  Aisne  and  Chemin  des  Dames  front].  Especially 
yesterday  with  low  dark  clouds  and  misty  rain  and  artillery  rumbles.  It 

[ 37  ] 


WILLIAM  CHANNING  APPLETON,  Jr. 


was  as  dark  at  three  as  usually  at  five  or  five-thirty  this  time  of  year,  and 
the  flashes  of  guns  twinkling  all  over  the  valleys  and  machine  guns  win- 
nowing away  in  the  distance,  made  everything  very  lonely.  No  towns  left 
at  all. 

November  11,  1918 

. . . We  seem  to  have  ceased  hostilities.  . . . You  ought  to  see  the  poor 
old  French  poilus.  They  are  weeping,  they  are  so  happy. 

A couple  of  our  fellows  walked  out  beyond  our  lines  just  after  11  a.m., 
when  peace  came,  and  talked  with  some  Germans  who  walked  over  from 
the  other  side.  Germans  seemed  satisfied  and  said  the  Kaiser  was  finished, 
and  grinned  broadly. 

All  the  church  bells  in  the  little  torn-up  villages  began  ringing  and  the 
whistles  of  the  little  narrow  gauge  railway  locomotives  began  tooting  at 
eleven,  when  the  firing  ceased. 

Our  squadron  made  the  last  patrol,  as  far  as  we  can  find  out,  of  any 
American  force  along  this  part  of  the  front,  and  possibly  of  any  Allied, 
last  evening.  We  went  out  an  hour  before  sunset  and  got  back  after  dark 
and  landed  by  flares.  The  front  was  wonderfully  beautiful.  A thick  haze 
up  to  1000  metres,  and  above  clear  as  a bell,  with  the  moon  rising  in  the 
east.  You  could  see  the  earth  vaguely  beneath.  A bunch  of  our  chasse 
planes  were  playing  around  over  an  old  town  [Verdun],  just  on  the  upper 
edge  of  the  haze.  A few  fires  from  burning  villages  behind  the  German  lines 
and  the  artillery  flashes  on  our  side. 

The  sun  set  crimson  as  we  headed  north  on  our  patrol,  and  when  we 
reached  the  end  of  the  northern  stretch,  there  was  only  a pink  glow.  We 
headed  home,  and  put  our  noses  down  and  pulled  on  our  throttles,  and  in 
a few  minutes  saw  the  flares  and  bonfires  at  our  field,  away  to  the  south- 
west. 

. . . And  to-day  all  fighting  is  stopped.  It  is  hard  to  believe. 

xAfter  the  Armistice,  Lieut.  Appleton  was  detached  from  the 
Squadron  on  Dec.  1,  1918;  spent  Dec.  at  Issoudun,  and  part  of  Jan. 
at  Bordeaux.  He  sailed  from  Marseilles  Jan.  20,  for  America,  and 
was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  on  Feb.  7,  1919. 


* ERNEST  A.  GIROUX 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Third  Aero 
Squadron,  Third  Pursuit  Group 
Killed  in  action , May  22,  1918 

Son  of  Arthur  E.  and  Jessie  (Emery)  Giroux  (now  Mrs.  Arthur 
E.  Haley);  was  born  in  Roxbury,  Mass.,  Dec.  4,  1895.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Somerville  High  School,  class  of  1915,  and  at 
Dartmouth  College,  class  of  1919.  He  was  a member  of  the  Phi 
Gamma  Delta  fraternity. 

He  left  college  in  March,  1917,  to  enlist  in  the  American  Am- 
bulance Field  Service,  sailing  overseas  on  April  22,  1917;  he  was 
one  of  the  first  forty-five  to  sign  for  camion  service;  went  to  the 
front  with  the  Ammunition  Transport,  serving  as  Sergeant  in 
T.M.U.  526  B.  He  secured  his  discharge  and  enlisted  in  the 
Franco-American  Flying  Corps,  and  trained  at  Avord,  Tours, 
Issoudun,  and  Cazaux;  later  he  was  transferred  to  the  U.S.  Air 
Service  and  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  Nov.  20,  1917.  After 
completing  his  training  he  acted  as  ferry  pilot  between  Paris  and 
the  front.  He  was  attached  to  the  103d  Squadron  under  Major 
Thaw,  and  in  April,  1918,  began  active  service  at  the  front. 
He  was  killed  May  22,  1918,  in  an  engagement  between  five 
American  machines  of  the  103d  Squadron,  and  eight  German 
monoplace  machines.  He  fell  behind  the  enemy  lines  in  the 
vicinity  of  Laventie,  between  Lille  and  Armentieres,  and  was  bur- 
ied at  Estaires,  France.  He  was  awarded  the  Distinguished  Serv- 
ice Cross  by  Gen.  Pershing  and  the  Croix  de  Guerre  with  Palm. 

D.S.C. 

First  Lieutenant  Ernest  A.  Giroux,  Pilot,  A.S.,  U.S.A.  For  extraordi- 
nary heroism  in  action  near  Armeyeren,  France,  May  22,  1918.  Lieut. 
Giroux,  while  on  patrol  with  four  other  scout  planes  attacked  an  enemy 
formation  of  eight  monoplace  machines.  Two  of  Lieut.  Giroux’s  com- 
panions were  forced  to  retire  when  their  guns  became  jammed.  Despite 
numerical  superiority,  Lieut.  Giroux  continued  the  attack,  endeavoring 
to  protect  his  leader  until  finally  forced  down  and  killed. 

Croix  de  Guerre  ivith  Palm 

Awarded  to  American  Pilot,  1st  Lieut.  Ernest  A.  Giroux.  Young  pilot 
filled  with  energy  did  not  hesitate  on  May  22,  1918,  to  attack  in  their 
lines  an  enemy  patrol  of  superior  numbers,  and  gave  them  a stubborn 
fight,  in  the  course  of  which  he  disappeared. 

[ 40  ] 


ARCHIE  R.  GIROUX 

Second  Lieutenant,  Royal  Flying  Corps 

Son  of  Arthur  E.  and  Jessie  (Emery)  Giroux  (now  Mrs.  Arthur 
E.  Haley);  was  born  in  Somerville,  Mass.,  on  Oct.  19,  1897.  He 
was  educated  at  the  Somerville  High  School,  and  at  Dartmouth 
College,  class  of  1923. 

He  enlisted  in  the  American  Ambulance  Field  Service  on  April 
28,  1917,  and  served  at  Danmiers  on  the  French  front,  as  sergeant, 
T.M.U.  526  B,  from  April  28  to  Oct.  28,  1917.  His  brother  Ernest 
was  in  the  same  service.  On  April  22,  1918,  he  enlisted  in  the  Royal 
Air  Force;  his  brother  having  enlisted  in  the  Franco- American 
Flying  Corps.  He  trained  at  Toronto,  Can.,  Ground  School,  flying 
204  T.D.S.;  at  East  Church,  England,  No.  7 Fighting  School;  and 
at  Turnberry,  Scotland,  “Camel”  scout  Pilot.  He  was  commis- 
sioned 2d  Lieut,  on  Nov.  21,  1918. 

On  Feb.  25,  1919,  he  was  temporarily  released  from  Shornecliffe, 
Eng.,  and  returned  to  the  United  States. 


GEORGE  BRYANT  WOODS 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.  Twenty-Eighth  Aero 
Squadron,  Third  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  George  Adams  and  Martha  Neal  (Howe)  Woods;  was  born 
at  Winchester,  Mass.,  May  6,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Noble 
and  Greenough  School,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1919. 
taking  his  degree  A.B.  Honoris  Causa.  He  played  on  the  freshman 
football  and  track  teams  in  1915-16;  on  Harvard  ’Varsity  football 
squad,  1916;  member  ’Varsity  crew  squad,  1919. 

He  enlisted  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  on  May  30,  1917,  and  trained 
at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School  from  May  30  to  July  17,  1917.  He 
sailed  overseas  on  Aug.  13,  1917,  and  continued  his  training  at 
Foggia,  Italy;  and  at  Issoudun  and  Cazaux,  France.  He  received 
an  Italian  brevet  in  Dec.,  1917,  and  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut. 
U.S.A.S.,  at  Foggia  on  Jan.  10,  1918.  He  was  one  of  thirty  men 
sent  to  France  on  order  of  Gen.  Pershing  in  March,  1918. 

On  May  12,  1918,  Lieut.  Woods  fell  in  a tail-spin  from  400  feet 
(due  to  defective  machine),  with  his  plane  completely  demolished. 
Suffering  from  a broken  jaw,  broken  ankle,  and  other  injuries,  he 
was  three  months  in  the  hospital.  He  joined  his  Squadron,  the 
28th,  on  Aug.  30,  and  was  sent  to  the  front  on  the  Toul  sector. 

On  Sept.  12,  1918,  he  was  leading  a flight  on  the  St.-Mihiel 
sector  on  a mission  to  “strafe”  the  infantry  back  of  the  German 
lines,  when  his  motor  was  hit  by  machine-gun  fire  over  the  third- 
line  trenches.  The  Germans  continued  shooting  after  the  engine  had 
stopped,  riddling  the  plane  with  rifle  and  machine-gun  bullets. 
They  concentrated  fire  after  the  machine  had  been  abandoned, 
while  Lieut.  Woods  was  making  way  to  cover  on  foot,  until  he  was 
captured  by  German  infantrymen.  About  Sept.  29  a note  dropped 
over  the  aerodrome  by  German  flyers  stated  that  Lieut.  Woods  had 
been  killed.  He  was  given  up  by  his  Squadron,  but  later  was  re- 
ported a prisoner  of  war.  He  was  confined  successively  in  six  Ger- 
man prison-camps,  suffering  hard  treatment  until  he  reached  Vil- 
li ngen,  where  there  was  Red  Cross  Service.  He  was  released  on 
Nov.  29,  1918,  and  sent  by  train  through  Switzerland  with  other- 
captured  officers. 

Lieut.  Woods  was  honorably  discharged  on  Feb.  5,  1919,  at 
Garden  City,  N.Y. 


CHESTER  ELLIS  WRIGHT 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Ninety-Third  Aero  Squadron 
Third  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  Richard  William  and  Gertrude  (Wesley)  Wright;  was  born 
at  Readville,  Mass.,  Sept.  1,  1897.  He  attended  the  schools  of 
Hyde  Park,  Mass.,  and  spent  three  years  at  Harvard  College,  class 
of  1918.  At  the  end  of  his  sophomore  year,  he  succeeded  in  break- 
ing the  strength  test  record  for  undergraduates,  and  registering 
second  highest  in  the  University.  During  the  fall  of  his  junior  year 
he  was  a member  of  the  cross-country  team.  In  Feb.,  1917,  he  left 
college  to  train  for  the  Air  Service. 

He  enlisted  on  March  25,  1917,  at  Fort  Monroe,  was  appointed 
sergeant  and  assigned  to  the  Curtiss  School,  Newport  News.  In 
the  latter  part  of  May,  the  school  was  broken  up,  and  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.  He  graduated  July  23,  and 
was  sent  to  Essington,  Pa.,  for  instruction  in  flying  hydroplanes. 
On  Aug.  25  he  was  transferred  to  Chanute  Flying  Field,  Rantoul, 
111.,  and  completed  his  R.M.A  tests  on  Sept.  15.  He  was  com- 
missioned 1st  Lieut.,  Oct.  9,  1917.  On  Oct.  23  he  was  assigned  to 
active  duty  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  as  adjutant  of  the  19th  Aero 
Squadron.  He  sailed  overseas  on  Nov.  23, 1917,  as  Supply  Officer  for 
the  15th  Foreign  Detachment,  and  was  stationed  at  St.-Maixent 
until  March  14,  1918.  From  then  until  April  15  he  trained  at  the 
A.I.C.  at  Issoudun,  when  he  was  sent  to  Cazaux  for  a month’s 
work  in  aerial  gunnery.  He  was  later  ordered  back  to  Issoudun, 
and  thence  to  Orly,  Paris,  as  a ferry  pilot  and  tester.  On  July  29 
he  reported  to  the  93d  Aero  Pursuit  Squadron  as  pilot,  and  from 
Aug.  6 to  the  time  of  the  Armistice  he  acted  as  Flight  Commander 
of  that  Squadron.  During  that  period  he  had  numerous  encounters 
with  enemy  planes  and  received  official  confirmation  on  eight 
planes  and  one  balloon.  On  Dec.  5,  1918,  at  Souilly,  he  was  decor- 
ated by  General  Liggett  with  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross  and 
one  oak  leaf. 

Lieut.  Wright  returned  to  the  U.S.  on  March  13,  1919,  and  was 
honorably  discharged  April  1,  1919,  at  Garden  City,  N.Y. 

D.S.C. 

For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Beffu,  France,  10  Oct.,  1918. 

Lieut.  Wright  attacked  an  enemy  observation  balloon  protected  by  four 

[ 46  ] 


( HESTER  ELLIS  WRIGHT 


enemy  planes;  despite  numerical  superiority  he  forced  the  planes  to  with- 
draw and  destroyed  the  enemy  balloon. 

A Bronze  Oak  Leaf 

For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Bantheville,  France,  23  Oct.. 
1918. 

Lieut.  Wright,  accompanied  by  one  other  machine,  attacked  and  sent 
down  in  flames  an  enemy  plane  (Fokker  type),  that  was  attacking  an 
Allied  plane.  He  was  in  turn  attacked  by  three  enemy  planes.  His  com- 
panion was  forced  to  withdraw  on  account  of  motor  trouble.  Lieut.  Wright 
continued  the  combat  and  succeeded  in  bringing  down  one  of  the  enemy 
planes  and  forced  the  remaining  two  into  their  own  territory. 

(Signed)  Pershing 


ERNEST  A.  GIOIOSA 

Cadet,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Thomas  and  Henrietta  (Baciagalupo)  Gioiosa;  was  born  at 
Boston,  Mass.,  Sept.  20,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  the  English  High 
School;  at  Boston  College;  and  at  Dartmouth  College,  graduating 
at  Dartmouth  with  the  degree  B.S.  He  played  baseball  and  foot- 
ball at  Boston  College,  1910-11,  and  football  at  Dartmouth  College, 
1911-12.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Nov.  14, 
1917,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Ground  Schools  at  the  M.I.T.,  and 
Princeton,  N.J.,  for  elementary  work,  completing  the  course  at 
Princeton,  March  9,  1918.  He  was  subsequently  transferred  to 
Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  where  he  remained  from  March  16  to 
May  6,  and  to  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  where  he  was  sta- 
tioned from  May  7 to  Nov.  29,  1918.  He  was  honorably  discharged 
at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  Nov.  29,  1918. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Alfred  A.  Gioiosa,  Sergeant,  Co.  4,  Overseas  Convalescent 
Hospital. 

Albert  A.  Gioiosa,  Coxswain,  U.S.S.  Pennsylvania . 


* PERRY  HENRY  ALDRICH 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Thirty- 
Fifth  Aero  Squadron,  First  Observation  Group 
Killed  in  action,  Oct.  29,  1918 

Son  of  Rev.  Leonard  and  Fannie  I.  (Wright)  Aldrich;  was  born  in 
West  Kill,  N.Y.,  Nov.  27,  1891.  He  prepared  for  college  at  Ver- 
mont Academy,  Saxtons  River,  where  he  graduated  with  honors, 
and  entered  the  University  of  Vermont;  there  he  was  also  an 
honor  student,  graduating  in  1915.  He  was  a member  of  the  Alpha 
Zeta  fraternity,  and  of  Phi  Beta  Kappa. 

For  two  years  he  taught  agriculture  in  the  Waterbury  High 
School,  and  was  given  the  principalship  of  the  junior  high  school 
of  that  place,  resigning  this  position  to  enter  the  Air  Service,  Sept. 
20,  1917.  He  was  one  of  five  graduates,  appointed  from  this  college 
to  attend  the  aviation  schools,  and  was  trained  at  Fort  Sill,  Okla., 
and  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  and  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Jan.  3,  1918. 

He  went  overseas  in  Jan.,  1918,  received  intensive  training  in  the 
aerial  schools  in  France,  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  Feb.  2,  1918, 
assigned  to  the  135th  Aero  Squadron,  and  was  sent  to  the  front 
as  an  observer  in  Aug.,  1918. 

On  Oct.  10  he  brought  down  an  enemy  plane  officially.  At  the 
time  of  his  death  he  was  about  to  be  made  operating  officer  of  a 
new  squadron,  which  would  have  meant  promotion  to  Capt.,  but 
on  Oct.  29  he  and  his  pilot,  Lieut.  Edward  C.  Landon,  volunteered 
for  an  important  mission  for  the  corps  commander,  without  the 
usual  protection.  This  they  declined,  on  the  grounds  that  one  ship, 
if  lucky,  could  get  away  better  than  three,  and  if  the  enemy  did 
overwhelm  them,  only  one  would  be  lost.  They  were  forced  to  fly 
at  an  altitude  of  1000  metres,  because  of  poor  visibility,  and  in  the 
combat  which  ensued  Lieut.  Aldrich  was  mortally  wounded. 

When  the  plane  landed  he  was  sent  with  all  speed  to  the  hos- 
pital, but  he  passed  away  without  regaining  consciousness. 

He  was  buried  the  following  day,  at  Sebastopol,  Toul,  Meurthe- 
et-Moselle,  where  an  impressive  service  was  held. 

The  following  appreciation  was  forwarded  to  Lieut.  Aldrich’s 
family  with  the  certificate  issued  by  the  War  Department  stating 
that  “Perry  H.  Aldrich  died  with  honor  in  the  Service  of  his 
country.” 


PERRY  IIENRY  ALDRICH 


At  the  time  when  so  many  officers  of  the  Air  Service  are  returning,  I 
feel  an  earnest  desire  to  express  to  you  some  acknowledgment  on  the  part 
of  the  Government  of  the  devoted  sacrifice  offered  by  your  son,  who  died 
of  wounds  received  in  action  in  France,  Oct.  29,  1918. 

Lieut.  Aldrich  sought  the  front  lines  of  danger  and  was  one  of  those 
whose  privilege  it  was  to  be  selected  for  it.  His  sacrifice  was  made  for  his 
country,  and  his  bravery  and  unflinching  devotion  to  duty  have  made  him 
one  of  the  nation’s  heroes. 

The  Air  Service  of  the  United  States  Army  has  permanently  inscribed 
his  name  upon  its  Roll  of  Honor  and  he  will  ever  be  remembered  as  one 
of  those  who  contributed  his  best  to  maintain  the  prestige  of  our  cause. 

I join  with  his  brother  officers  in  expressing  our  deep  appreciation  of 
his  loyalty  and  the  effectiveness  of  the  service  rendered. 

Very  sincerely 

Carr  T.  Menoher 

Major-General,  U.S.A. 

Lieut.  L.  W.  Schlesinger,  Adjutant  135th  Aero  Squadron,  wrote: 

I was  with  the  Squadron  when  Perry  joined  it,  and  in  my  work  as 
Adjutant  the  various  officers  of  the  Squadron  were  constantly  before  me. 
I can  truthfully  say  that  I don’t  believe  there  was  a braver,  truer,  more 
Christian  soldier  than  Perry  in  the  A.E.F.  He  was  a good  comrade,  always 
had  a kind  word  and  a ready  smile,  and  was  absolutely  indifferent  to  per- 
sonal danger.  He  showed  the  highest  devotion  to  duty,  and  met  his  death 
while  carrying  out  a dangerous  mission. 

D.S.C. 

For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  St.-Mihiel,  France,  29  Oct. 
1918. 

Lieut.  Aldrich  (Observer)  with  1st  Lieut.  E.  C.  Landon,  volunteered 
and  went  on  an  important  mission  for  the  Corps  Commander,  without 
the  usual  protection.  Forced  to  fly  at  an  altitude  of  1000  metres  because 
of  poor  visibility.  Soon  after  crossing  the  lines  they  encountered  an  enemy 
Rumpler  plane,  and  forced  it  to  the  ground.  On  returning  they  attacked 
another  Rumpler  and  drove  it  off.  After  completing  their  mission  and 
seeing  an  enemy  observation  tower  on  Lake  Laehaussee,  they  reentered 
the  enemy  territory  and  fired  upon  it.  Immediately  attacked  by  seven 
enemy  planes  (Fokker  type)  a combat  followed  in  which  Lieut.  Aldrich 
was  mortally  wounded. 

By  command  of  General  Pershing 

Brother  in  Service  - 

Herbert  J.  Aldrich,  sergeant  Medical  Dep’t  Fort  Meyer,  Va. 


[ 50  ] 


(Laria.ua. 


T.  J.  DUNCAN  FULLER 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Thirty- 
Fifth  Aero  Squadron,  First  Observation  Group 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Thomas  J.  Fuller,  of  Boston,  Mass.;  was  born 
at  Washington,  D.C.,  Aug.  6,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  the  Wash- 
ington public  schools,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1915.  He 
rowed  on  his  freshman  crew,  and  on  the  ’Varsity  four-oared  crew, 
in  1913. 

He  enlisted  on  April  23,  1917,  at  Mineola,  N.Y.,  and  was  trained 
at  Mineola,  from  April  to  July,  1917.  He  was  commissioned  1st 
Lieut.,  R.M.A.,  July  26,  1917,  U.S.  Air  Service,  and  was  on  duty 
at  Chanute  Field,  Rantoul,  111.,  from  July  26,  to  Sept.  4,  1917;  at 
Fort  Sill,  Okla.,  from  Sept.  4 to  May  9,  1918;  and  at  Taliaferro 
Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  from  May  9 to  July  1,  1918. 

He  sailed  overseas  on  July  15,  1918,  and  trained  at  Issoudun, 
France,  from  Aug.  15  to  Sept.  1,  when  he  was  attached  to  the 
135th  Squadron.  On  Sept.  12  he  was  forced  to  land  on  Swiss  soil, 
his  machine  having  been  damaged  by  anti-aircraft  fire.  He  refused 
to  give  his  parole  not  to  try  to  make  his  escape,  and  was  im- 
prisoned at  Addermatt,  Switzerland,  until  the  end  of  the  war.  On 
Oct.  16,  1918,  he  made  a desperate  attempt  to  escape  on  a rope 
made  from  his  bedclothes;  but  the  rope  broke  and  Lieut.  Fuller 
fell  a considerable  distance  and  was  badly  injured.  He  was  re- 
imprisoned, and  remained  in  captivity  until  Dec.  7,  1918,  when  he 
was  released  by  the  Swiss  government.  He  returned  to  the  U.S. 
on  Jan.  3,  and  was  honorably  discharged  on  Jan.  10,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Ashmead  Fuller,  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 


[ 52  ] 


ARTHUR  L.  CLARK 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Twenty-Fourth  Aero 
Squadron,  First  Observation  Group 

Son  of  Eugene  W.  and  Jane  (Putnam)  Clark;  was  born  at  Jamaica 
Plain,  Mass.,  on  Dec.  18,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  the  Roxbury 
Latin  School,  at  the  West  Roxbury  High  School,  at  the  Mass.  Agri- 
cultural College,  and  at  the  Rhode  Island  State  College.  He  was  a 
sophomore  in  the  Agricultural  Department  of  the  Rhode  Island 
State  College  when  he  enlisted  at  Plattsburg,  N.Y.,  May  12,  1917. 
On  Aug.  14,  1917,  he  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Officers* 
Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  and  on  the  same  day  reenlisted  in 
the  S.E.R.C.  at  Mineola,  N.Y.,  as  private,  1st  class. 

He  was  assigned  to  the  Ground  School  at  M.I.T.,  and  from  there 
transferred  to  the  Aviation  School  at  Mineola,  N.Y.  He  was  further 
trained  at  the  School  for  Observers  at  Fort  Sill,  Okla.  On  Jan.  4, 
1918,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  at  Garden  City,  N.Y., 
and  on  Jan.  5 assigned  to  active  duty  with  detachment  of  Aerial 
Observers,  No.  1.  He  sailed  overseas  on  Jan.  9,  1918. 

He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  on  Feb.  2,  1918,  and  assigned  to 
various  schools  in  France.  On  Sept.  12,  he  was  ordered  to  active 
official  observer’s  flying  duty  near  the  Toul  sector.  On  Sept.  17, 

1918,  while  flying  with  his  pilot,  Lieut.  William  A.  Bradfield  of 
Dallas,  Tex.,  the  motor  went  dead  and  he  was  forced  to  descend, 
and  was  captured  by  the  Germans.  For  a month  he  was  reported 
“missing  in  action,”  but  on  Oct.  15  was  reported  unwounded  and 
a prisoner  at  Landshut,  Germany. 

Upon  landing  from  their  plane  on  Sept.  17,  Lieut.  Clark  and  his 
pilot  were  taken  to  Joeuf,  in  Lorraine,  questioned  closely  and  trans- 
ferred to  Karlsruhe,  Baden,  by  train,  and  finally  to  Landshut  and 
Villingen,  about  thirty  kilometres  north  of  the  Swiss  border.  On 
Nov.  25,  after  many  faithless  promises,  they  were  released,  and 
proceeded  to  Konstanz,  thence  to  the  Swiss  border. 

Lieut.  Clark  was  one  of  the  first  American  aviators  and  ex- 
prisoners of  war  to  be  returned  to  the  U.S.,  arriving  on  Jan.  18, 

1919.  He  was  honorably  discharged  in  Jan.,  1919,  and  is  now  at- 
tached to  the  Experiment  Station  at  the  Rhode  Island  State 
College. 


LEO  BERNARD  CAUCHON 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Twenty-Fourth  Aero 
Squadron,  First  Army  Observation  Group 

Son  of  Phelias,  and  Zelia  Cote  Cauchon,  of  Providence,  R.I.;  was 
born  Sept.  29,  1895.  He  attended  the  Rhode  Island  School  of  De- 
sign. Prior  to  the  war  he  was  for  sixteen  months  a member  of 
troop  N,  R.I.  Cavalry. 

On  May  11,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Providence  R.I.,  and  was  sent 
to  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp,  May  11  to  July  16,  1917.  From 
then  until  Sept.  15,  1917,  he  attended  the  Ground  School  at 
Princeton,  N.J.  He  sailed  overseas  for  France,  arriving  Oct.  28, 

1917.  From  Dec.  25,  1917,  to  April,  1918,  he  trained  at  the  Ecole 
d’Aviation,  at  Chateauroux,  France,  and  from  April  until  July, 

1918,  at  Issoudun,  where  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  in  June, 
1918.  He  concluded  his  training  at  Tours,  where  he  was  stationed 
from  July  to  Aug.  23,  1918,  when  he  was  attached  to  the  24th 
Aero  Squadron,  and  with  them  saw  service  until  Dec.  8,  1918. 

Between  Sept.  8 and  Nov.  11,  Lieut.  Cauchon’s  flying  time  over 
the  lines  was  thirty-six  hours,  seventeen  minutes,  and  he  was  offi- 
cially credited  with  one  enemy  plane.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  and 
was  honorably  discharged  at  Camp  Pike,  Ark.,  April  26,  1919. 

Citations 

First  Lieutenant  L.  B.  Cauchon,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  and  Second  Lieuten- 
ant B.  F.  Collins,  C.A.C.,  24th  Aero  Squadron,  1st  Army  Observation 
Group,  are  hereby  credited  with  the  destruction,  in  combat,  of  an  enemy 
Fokker,  in  the  region  of  Damvillers,  at  2500  metres  altitude,  on  Oct.  22, 
1918,  at  9.50  o’clock. 

By  order  of  Colonel  Milling 

Chief  of  Staff 

The  Air  Service  Commander,  First  Army,  cites  the  following  officers 
and  men  for  exceptional  devotion  to  duty: 

First  Lieutenant  Leo  B.  Cauchon,  A.S.,  U.S. A.,  Pilot,  24th  Aero  Squad- 
ron, has  repeatedly  fulfilled  missions  under  unfavorable  conditions  with 
an  utter  disregard  of  personal  risk.  On  Oct.  22,  with  Second  Lieutenant 
Bayard  F.  Collins,  C.A.C.,  U.S.A.,  Observer,  he  was  flying  alone  over 
Stenay-Montmedy  region  and  encountered  five  enemy  formations,  re- 
sulting in  two  combats,  in  which  one  German  plane  was  shot  down.  Lieu- 
tenant Cauchon  returned  safely,  although  his  plane  was  badly  damaged. 
The  destruction  of  one  enemy  plane  has  been  officially  confirmed  on  this 
mission. 

By  order  of  Colonel  Milling 


[ 56  ] 


LEO  BERNARD  CAUCHON 


First  Lieutenant  Leo  B.  Cauchon,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Pilot,  joined  the  24th 
Aero  Squadron  on  Aug.  30,  1918;  has  had  thirty-six  hours  and  seventeen 
minutes  total  flying  time,  of  which  twenty-one  hours  and  twenty-two 
minutes  was  included  in  successful  reconnaissance.  He  has  displayed  un- 
usual bravery  in  action  on  several  occasions,  for  which  he  was  cited  in 
General  Order  Number  30,  Headquarters,  Air  Service,  First  Army,  Nov. 
26,  1918.  As  mess  officer  during  his  entire  stay  with  the  Squadron,  he  has 
performed  his  duties  with  good  ability  and  untiring  effort. 

Maury  Hill 
Captain,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Herve  P.  Cauchon,  Sergeant,  Headquarters,  Co.  103,  F.A. 
26th  Div. 

Henri  F.  Cauchon,  Corporal,  Headquarters,  Co.  327,  Infan- 
try, 82d  Div. 


SIDNEY  FULLER  LAW 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Frederick  A.  and  Mary  E.  (Fuller)  Law,  of  Longmeadow, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  New  London,  Conn.,  Dec.  14,  1892.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Springfield  Technical  High  School,  Springfield, 
Mass.,  and  at  the  Throop  Polytechnic  Academy,  Pasadena,  Cal. 
He  enlisted  at  Ludlow,  Mass.,  Oct.  6,  1917,  and  was  assigned  to 
Camp  Devens,  Ayer,  Mass.,  where  he  remained  until  Dec.  13,  1917. 
He  attended  the  Ground  School  at  Princeton,  N.J.,  from  Dec.  13, 
1917,  to  March  2,  1918.  He  was  trained  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas, 
Tex.,  from  March  2 to  April  23,  and  at  Carlstrom  Field,  Arcadia, 
Fla.,  from  April  23  to  June  29.  On  June  29,  1918,  he  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  and  was  ordered  to  return  to  Camp  Dick, 
where  he  remained  until  July  20.  He  was  stationed  at  Brooks 
Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  from  July  20  to  Sept.  6,  and  at  Call 
Field,  Wichita  Falls,  Tex.,  from  Sept.  6 to  Dec.  19,  1918.  At  Call 
Field  he  acted  as  Flying  Instructor,  and  made  some  cross-country 
flights  in  the  interests  of  the  United  War  Work  Campaign.  He 
was  released  from  the  Service  at  Call  Field,  Dec.  16,  1918. 


* CHARLES  HASTINGS  UPTON 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Fiftieth  Aero  Squadron 
First  Observation  Group 
Killed  in  airplane  accident,  Aug.  28,  1918 

Son  of  Samuel  and  Arexzine  A.  (Wood)  Upton;  was  born  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  Sept.  4,  1893.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Somerville,  and  at  Tufts  College,  where  he  spent  three  years  in  the 
Engineering  School;  he  was  an  excellent  athlete  and  a member  of 
the  Tufts  College  Glee  Club. 

He  enlisted  on  June  16,  1917,  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  entered 
the  Ground  School  at  M.I.T.,  where,  after  completing  his  course, 
he  was  selected  as  one  of  the  honor  men  to  be  sent  overseas  to 
Foggia,  Italy,  for  further  training.  There  he  won  the  Golden  Eagle 
of  the  Royal  Italian  Flying  Corps.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut. 
March  2,  1918,  and  was  given  his  choice  of  remaining  to  pilot 
Caproni  planes  or  being  transferred  to  France.  He  chose  the  latter 
course,  and  was  ordered  to  Issoudun  for  advanced  training,  and 
then  to  Tours,  where  he  was  stationed  for  several  months.  He  was 
then  sent  to  the  front  attached  to  the  50th  Aero  Squadron. 

On  Aug.  28,  1918,  Lieut.  Upton,  with  his  observer,  went  up  for 
target  practice;  there  was  a very  strong  wind  blowing,  and  in  the 
process  of  shooting  at  the  target  an  unexpected  cross  current  of 
air  threw  the  machine  into  a very  slow  “spin,”  which  at  two  hun- 
dred metres  altitude  is  often  fatal.  Just  as  Lieut.  Upton  was  getting 
his  machine  under  control  again,  it  crashed  to  the  ground,  killing 
him  almost  instantly. 

He  was  buried  with  full  military  honors  on  Aug.  29,  1918,  at 
Gondrecourt,  France.  The  final  request  in  Lieut.  Upton’s  will  was 
that  if  there  were  services  over  his  remains,  to  tell  his  friends  to 
bring  nothing  but  violets,  the  flowers  he  loved  best.  This  request 
was  carried  out,  and  his  grave  was  covered  with  violets.  A me- 
morial service  was  held  for  him  on  Oct.  6,  1918,  at  the  Winter 
Hill  Baptist  church,  at  Somerville,  Mass. 

Lieut.  Upton  had  a distinct  literary  gift;  he  had  published  some 
stories  before  he  went  abroad,  and  extracts  from  his  inspiring 
letters  have  also  been  in  print.  A week  before  his  death  he  wrote: 

I must  tell  you  that  this  thing  we  are  working  for  has  become  so  much 
a part  of  our  lives,  that  it  is  our  life.  By  that  I mean  there  is  nothing  I 

[ 59  ] 


CHARLES  HASTINGS  UPTON 


have  ever  done  in  this  world  which  has  given  me  a greater  degree  of  con- 
tentment and  satisfaction.  The  chance  to  serve,  oh,  you  know  what  it  is, 
you  are  one  of  those  who  saw  the  big  Ideal,  who  gave  up  things  that  he 
might  serve  that  Ideal.  . . . My  chance  is  coming  now!  I am  stationed 
temporarily  twenty-five  miles  back  of  the  front  expecting  to  move  up  to 
another  airdrome  before  long.  Then  our  work  will  begin.  . . . Never  was 
much  of  a church  man,  or  even  a believer  in  prayer,  yet  our  Big  Ideal  has 
brought  something  greater  than  many  of  us  ever  had.  How  else  could  our 
chance  to  serve  come  to  mean  what  it  does?  It  is  not  fear  of  death,  or  of 
a possible  Hell;  simply  a full  realization  that  there  is  a God  whom  we 
serve  through  our  Big  Ideal. 

A few  weeks  earlier  he  wrote : 

There  is  something  more  awe  inspiring  about  an  airplane  crash  than 
any  other  accident  that  may  cause  death.  ...  I thought  I had  become 
hardened  to  death  — I am  not  — my  desire  to  fly  is  still  with  me.  I do 
not  fear  my  own  death;  there  is  too  much  beyond;  but  I fear  to  see  my 
brothers  go.  And  from  all  these  accidents,  sometimes  fatal  and  sometimes 
not,  a chap,  even  while  seeing  the  injustice  of  it,  gains  a greater  faith  in 
what  before  may  have  seemed  an  intangible  Supreme  Being.  It  is  para- 
doxical to  have  a greater  faith  in  a Supreme  Being  who  allows  men  to  be 
killed,  but  it  works  that  way. 

Who  can  stand  beside  the  open  grave  of  a comrade,  hear  the  volleys 
fired,  and  the  sweet  notes  of  “Taps,”  see  the  airplanes  swoop  down  to 
drop  garlands  over  the  spot,  without  feeling  that  there  is  something 
Greater?  As  the  last  note  of  “Taps”  sounds  out  over  the  spot,  one  has 
a vision,  if  you  like,  of  a soul  gone  to  a well-earned  rest  and  to  happiness. 
. . . And  so  through  it  all,  we  have  our  Grand  Ideal,  which  tells  us  we 
have  the  glorious  chance  to  grasp  the  opportunity  of  our  lives,  and  if  we 
come  through,  something  to  remember  all  our  remaining  days.  For  my 
part,  I have  never  prepared  to  do  anything  comparable  to  what  my  service 
offers,  I have  never  experienced  anything  of  equal  exaltation;  in  a word, 
service  in  a cause  like  ours  becomes  so  absorbing,  so  impersonal,  it  grips 
one  until  there  is  nothing  too  great  to  give,  no  sacrifice  too  great  to  make  for 
that  which  is  now  sacred  to  us.  I hope  I have  given  you  something  of  the 
spirit  of  the  boys  over  here,  for  we  are  all  in  the  same  situation,  all  in  the 
same  cause,  all  with  the  same  Big  Ideal.  It’s  the  greatest  experience  of 
our  lives.  I don’t  think  we  will  lose  the  vision.  . . . How  could  one  lose  his 
vision  at  the  front,  where  if  men  are  winged  over  the  Biggest  Top,  they 
have  gone  with  their  Grand  Ideal  locked  in  their  hearts. 


* HENRY  LeNOBLE  STEVENS 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Fiftieth  Aero  Squadron 
First  Observation  Group 
Killed  in  action,  Sept.  12,  1918 

Son  of  Charles  and  Mary  Wharton  (Sinkler)  Stevens,  was  born  at 
Pinopolis,  S.C.,  May  23,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  the  Charleston 
and  Episcopal  High  Schools,  the  University  of  Virginia,  and  the 
Eastman  Business  College.  He  was  a member  of  the  ’Varsity  track 
team  at  the  University  of  Virginia. 

He  enlisted  from  Providence,  R.I.,  on  May  13,  1917,  at  the 
Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg.  From  Plattsburg  he  was 
sent  to  Toronto,  Can.,  to  train  for  the  Aviation  Service  under  the 
Royal  Flying  Corps.  He  trained  at  Long  Branch,  Camp  Rathbun, 
and  at  Armour  Heights,  Can.,  and  was  later  transferred  to  Talia- 
ferro Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  attached  to  the  22d  Squadron.  He 
sailed  overseas  with  the  139th  Squadron,  on  Feb.  24,  1918,  and 
continued  his  training  at  Tours,  France,  where  he  was  made  Com- 
manding Officer  of  a construction  squadron,  at  2d  A.I.C.,  being 
urged  to  retain  this  position  for  duration  of  the  war. 

At  his  own  request  he  was  transferred  back  to  active  service  and 
trained  at  Tours  and  Issoudun  for  reconnaissance  pilot.  He  was 
commissioned  1st  Lieut,  on  Sept.  8,  1918.  On  Sept.  9 he  was  sent 
to  Bar-le-Duc  with  the  50th  Squadron,  and  on  the  morning  of  the 
St.-Mihiel  drive,  Sept.  12,  he  was  despatched  on  a dangerous  re- 
connaissance mission,  in  D.H.  4 Liberty  plane.  Four  hours  later  he 
was  shot  down  in  flames  at  Pont-a-Mousson,  back  of  the  German 
lines,  and  instantly  killed.  His  mission  was  to  see  whether  the 
Germans  were  withdrawing  or  reinforcing  their  lines  at  a very 
important  point.  As  Lieut.  Stevens  had  been  up  four  hours  before 
he  was  shot  down,  it  was  believed  that  he  had  accomplished  his 
mission  and  had  subsequently  been  lost  in  the  heavy  rain  and  low 
hanging  clouds.  He  was  buried  at  the  military  cemetery  at  Thiau- 
court. 

Married,  June  27,  1917,  Mary  Elizabeth  Carpenter. 


JOHN  RICHARD  EDWARDS,  Jr. 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Ninety-Ninth  Aero 
Squadron,  First  Observation  Group 

Son  of  John  Richard  and  Harriet  (DeWolfe)  Edwards,  of  Bristol, 
R.I  was  born  in  Washington,  D.C.,  Oct.  21,  1896.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  public  schools  of  Portsmouth,  N.H.,  Episcopal 
Academy,  Philadelphia,  Friends  School,  Washington,  D.C.,  and 
Bowdoin  College  to  the  second  semester  of  his  junior  year. 

He  completed  the  course  of  military  instruction  at  the  Platts- 
burg  Camp  of  1916.  Later  that  year  he  enrolled  for  naval  instruc- 
tion and  served  on  the  U.S.S.  Virginia  during  the  months  of 
Sept,  and  Oct. 

In  Jan.,  1917,  he  volunteered  for  duty  as  an  ambulance  driver 
on  the  French  front.  Early  in  Feb.,  1917,  he  enrolled  in  that  serv- 
ice, took  passage  for  France,  and  served  for  six  months  in  the 
Verdun  and  Champagne  sectors. 

After  completing  the  period  for  which  he  volunteered  as  an 
ambulance  driver,  he  enlisted  in  Paris  as  a private  in  the  American 
Aviation  Service.  He  was  a member  of  the  first  section  of  Ameri- 
can aviators  that  was  trained  in  France,  this  camp  having  been 
established  at  Tours.  He  was  assigned  to  the  French  Aviation 
Camp  at  Issoudun,  where  he  was  trained  to  operate  the  various 
machines  used  by  the  French  aviators. 

In  Nov.,  1917,  he  was  given  the  Brevet  d’Aviateur  Militaire  by 
the  French  Minister  of  War.  Dec.  10,  1917,  he  was  commissioned 
as  a 1st  Lieut,  in  the  Air  Service,  U.S.  Signal  Reserve  Corps. 

In  Feb.,  1918,  Lieut.  Edwards  was  assigned  as  a member  of 
Observation  Squadron  U.S.  No.  99.  This  Squadron,  from  March, 
1918,  to  the  signing  of  the  Armistice,  located  enemy  installations 
by  observations  and  photographs,  distributed  propaganda  lit- 
erature beyond  the  battle  line,  located  hostile  munition  and  in- 
fantry positions,  adjusted  the  artillery  fire  of  the  U.S.  forces,  per- 
formed reglage  service,  made  repeated  reconnaissances  to  the 
enemy’s  territory,  and  was  likewise  assigned  to  various  special 
missions.  This  American  Squadron  served  for  a time  with  a French 
Escadrille. 

While  operating  within  the  Frapelle  sector,  Lieut.  Edwards 
was  cited  with  other  members  of  the  Squadron,  and  Major-General 


JOHN  RICHARD  EDWARDS,  Jr. 


O.  P.  Summerall  especially  cited  the  work  of  the  99th  and  104th 
Squadrons,  during  the  closing  days  of  the  War.  During  the  St.- 
Mihiel  salient  attack  he  was  continually  employed  in  connection 
with  the  work  performed  by  this  Squadron. 

Aero  Squadron  99  and  104  for  faithful  and  untiring  service  in  obtaining 
useful  and  valuable  information,  often  under  great  difficulty,  and  in  aiding 
the  advance  of  the  ground  forces  throughout  the  Meuse-Argonne  offensive 
of  Sept.  26  to  Nov.  11,  1918. 

Among  other  individual  citations  received  by  Lieut.  Edwards, 
are  the  following: 

The  Air  Service  Commander,  First  Army,  cites  the  following  officers 
and  men  for  exceptional  devotion  to  duty : 

1.  Par.  5.  First  Lieutenant  John  R.  Edwards,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Pilot,  99th 
Aero  Squadron,  executed  exceptional  mission  on  Sept.  14th,  1918,  over 
Conflans,  twenty  kilometres  behind  enemy  lines.  His  formation  was  at- 
tacked by  twenty-five  enemy  pursuit  planes.  During  combat  his  gas  pump 
was  shot  away.  Pumping  gas  by  hand,  he  piloted  machine  free  of  the 
enemy  and  reached  own  lines.  The  plane  landed  without  a crash  despite 
the  damage  done  to  it  by  the  enemy  fire. 

By  order  of  Colonel  Milling 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Allen  R.  Edwards,  Lieut. -Col.,  U.S.  Coast  Artillery. 

Father  in  Service  — 

John  R.  Edwards  (Rear  Admiral  U.S.  Navy)  (Retired). 


[ 66  ] 


VINCENT  E.  HEYWOOD 


First  Lieutenant,  R.M.A.,  Ninety-Ninth  Aero  Squadron 
First  Observation  Group 

Son  of  Charles  Henry  and  Cora  M.  (Eaton)  Hey  wood;  was  born 
in  Springfield,  Mass.,  Jan.  20,  1889.  He  graduated  from  Lake 
Forest  College,  Lake  Forest,  111. 

In  1915  he  attended  the  1st  Plattsburg  Camp,  and  that  same 
year  organized  the  Worcester  Rifle  Club,  having  previously  qual- 
ified as  an  expert  rifleman  in  the  U.S.  Revolver  Association.  In 
1916  he  enlisted  for  30  days  with  the  2d  U.S.  Cavalry,  and  took 
examinations  for  a volunteer  commission.  On  March  17,  1917, 
he  sailed  for  Bordeaux,  attached  to  the  97th  Division  Infantry, 
French  Army,  as  Ambulancier. 

The  day  America  entered  the  war  he  took  part  in  the  French 
Celebration  at  Paris,  and  was  one  of  eighty  Americans  to  march 
to  Lafayette’s  monument.  At  the  front,  near  Verdun,  he  was  as- 
signed to  S.S.U.  17,  with  which  he  had  strenuous  evacuation  work. 
He  was  in  two  offensives  in  the  Ayocourt-Esnes  sector.  Heywood 
and  Stephen  P.  Lewis,  as  brancardiers  went  into  the  first-line 
trenches  the  evening  preceding  the  German  offensive  near  Hill 
304.  They  remained  dug  in  for  six  hours,  through  a terrible  barrage 
of  77’s,  and  went  over  the  top  with  the  59th  Chasseur  Division, 
each  rescuing  a blesse.  Hey  wood’s  Section  was  cited  “for  courage 
and  calmness  under  desperate  circumstances,  especially  during 
June,  July,  and  Aug.,  1917.” 

His  enlistment  in  the  French  Army  having  expired  on  Sept.  17, 
he  enlisted  as  a private  in  the  U.S.  Air  Service,  at  Paris,  and  was 
sent  to  Tours  for  instruction,  receiving  his  Brevet  d’Aviateur  Mili- 
taire  on  Nov.  30,  1917;  he  was  sent  to  the  American  Chasse  School 
at  Issoudun  on  Dec.  3,  where  he  remained  until  March  17,  1918. 
He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  on  March  6,  1918,  Aviation  Sec- 
tion, S.O.R.C.,  R.M.A.,  and  assigned  to  the  99th  Aero  Squadron. 
On  March  25,  the  99th,  consisting  of  eighteen  pilots,  flew  their 
new  Sopwith  planes  out  of  Le  Bourge  Aerodrome,  Paris,  under  the 
fire  of  the  German  long-range  gun. 

Early  in  Oct.,  1918,  Lieut.  Heywood  was  recalled,  because  of 
nervous  breakdown,  and  assigned  to  the  Technical  Section  of  the 
Air  Service  in  Paris,  for  a two  months’  rest. 


VINCENT  E.  HEYWOOD 


He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  on  Dec.  31, 
1918. 

Citations 

The  volunteer  Heywood  came  in  the  17th  Section  on  the  29th  of 
April.  During  all  the  time  he  has  been  in  the  Section  he  did  his  work  as 
well  as  possible.  He  is  a very  good  mechanic  and  a very  good  driver;  he 
always  showed  the  most  intelligent  devotion  and  the  highest  courage,  and 
I noted  many  times  his  calm  and  cool  blood  during  the  hard  shelling  we 
had  in  the  Verdun  battle  (June,  July,  Aug.,  1917).  I give  for  Heywood 
my  best  recommendation,  and  I wish  for  him,  for  the  good  character  he 
always  shows,  the  best  luck  for  anything  he  will  undertake. 

Le  Sous-Lieut.  Com.  S.S.U.  17 
(Signed)  d’Halley 

Croix  de  Guerre  with  Star 

General  Legaille,  Commander  of  the  97th  Division  Infantry,  cites  at  the 
Division’s  Order,  the  S.S.U.  17,  attached  to  the  Division,  for  the  following 
reason.  Under  the  Command  of  Sub-Lieutenant  d’Halley  and  an  American 
Lieutenant,  Neftel,  the  young  volunteers  of  the  S.S.U.  17  have  given  proof, 
on  dangerous,  often  critical  occasions  — notably  a series  of  combats  in 
June,  July,  and  Aug.,  1917  — of  a calm  and  thoughtful  courage  and  of 
most  lofty  sentiment  of  devotion.  Without  thought  of  danger,  they  have 
given  themselves  to  go  in  search  of,  rescue,  and  bring  back  the  wounded, 
under  the  enemy’s  fire;  and  have  rendered  to  the  97th  Division  and  to  the 
French  Cause  services  the  value  of  which  cannot  be  exaggerated. 

(Signed)  General  Legaille 

The  undersigned,  commanding  the  S.S.U.  17  certifies  that  Mr.  Vincent 
E.  Heywood  was  a member  of  the  Section  at  the  time  of  the  above  citation. 

(Signed)  d’Halley 

Nov.  22,  1918 

To  Lieut.  V.  Heywood: 

The  Administrative  Officers,  Technical  Section,  wish  to  express  to  you. 
their  appreciation  for  your  work  in  connection  with  the  Division  in  which 
you  have  been  associated.  The  results  obtained  have  been  due  to  the  fact 
that  each  officer  has  performed  to  the  best  of  his  ability  the  duties  en- 
trusted to  him.  The  organization  has  grown  rapidly  from  the  start,  and 
was,  at  the  time  the  Armistice  was  declared,  in  splendid  shape  for  future 
functioning.  Your  individual  part  in  bringing  about  the  development  of 
this  organization  is  much  appreciated. 

(Signed)  E.  J.  Hall 

Lieut.-Col.  Air  Service 
Chief  Technical  Section 


l 68  J 


R.  NOBLE  ESTEY 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.;  Adjutant  to  C.O.,  Fifth 
Army  Corps  ; Chief  Photographic  Officer,  Ninety-Ninth 
Aero  Squadron,  Fifth  Army  Corps 

Son  of  Henry  P.  and  Mary  J.  (Noble)  Estey;  was  born  in  Water- 
bury.  Conn.,  Oct.  29,  1886.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  Waterbury,  later  taking  up  newspaper  work.  He  became  inter- 
ested in  aviation  in  1909,  and  made  his  first  flight  as  a member  of 
the  American  Press  Association  at  Belmont  Park,  in  1911.  In  1913 
he  brought  the  first  Curtiss  Flying  Boat  to  Providence.  While  he 
was  connected  with  the  Providence  Tribune  he  formed  the  First 
Aeronautical  Division  of  the  Rhode  Island  State  Militia,  which 
when  the  U.S.  declared  war  comprised  about  100  partly  trained 
men.  On  April  6,  1917,  the  members  of  the  Division  were  taken 
over  into  the  regular  Navy,  and  soon  after  transferred  to  Marble- 
head. Here  they  remained  until  July  13,  1917.  At  this  time  Estey 
applied  for  and  received  honorable  discharge  from  the  Navy, 
joined  the  Lafayette  Eseadrille  in  New  York  City,  and  sailed  for 
France  on  July  23,  1917.  On  Aug.  27  Lieut.  Estey  transferred 
to  the  Air  Service  of  the  U.S.,  in  Paris.  On  Sept.  1 he  was  sent 
to  Tours  for  training,  and  in  Feb.,  1918,  to  Issoudun,  completing 
the  course  in  March.  He  was  then  assigned  to  the  99th  Observa- 
tion Squadron,  and  on  March  18  left  Issoudun  for  the  front. 
Toward  the  end  of  Aug.  the  Squadron  was  shifted  to  Souilly, 
arriving  two  days  before  the  beginning  of  the  St.-Mihiel  drive. 
During  the  entire  offensive  the  Squadron  operated  over  the  sec- 
tor, photographing  and  carrying  on  artillery  reglage  work.  There 
were  times  when  it  was  impossible  to  string  up  telephones  fast 
enough  to  keep  up  with  the  infantry,  and  when  runners  carrying 
messages  were  shot  down  before  they  could  reach  General  Head- 
quarters. At  such  times  the  observation  planes  were  the  only 
communication  between  the  front  lines  and  the  Post  Command. 
At  the  beginning  of  the  Argonne  offensive  Lieut.  Estey  was  made 
Adjutant  by  Lieut.-Col.  Christie,  who  was  then  Chief  of  the  Air 
Service  of  the  Fifth  Army  Corps,  to  which  the  99th  Squadron  was 
attached.  After  the  Armistice  he  was  ordered  home,  arriving  at 
Hoboken  on  Feb.  17,  1919.  He  was  honorably  discharged  June  5, 
1919,  and  accepted  a commission  in  the  Reserve  Corps. 


HOWARD  HARE  POWEL 

Captain,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Eighty-Fifth  Squadron,  R.A.F. 

Son  of  Harford  W.  Hare  and  Marion  C.  H.  Powel,  of  Newport, 
R.I.;  was  born  at  Chestnut  Hill,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Jan.  7,  1891. 
He  attended  St.  George’s  School,  Newport,  R.I.,  and  entered 
Harvard  College  in  the  class  of  1914,  withdrawing  on  account  of 
illness  in  his  sophomore  year.  He  played  football  and  took  prizes 
in  English  and  French  in  school  and  college. 

On  June  15,  1911,  he  enlisted  as  a private  in  Battery  A, 
M.V.M.,  with  which  he  served  until  honorably  discharged, 
Dec.  13,  1913.  He  volunteered  in  the  American  Ambulance  Field 
Service,  Feb.  12,  1916,  and  during  the  great  German  drive  against 
Verdun  saw  hard  service  with  his  section,  “S.S.U.  No.  2,”  which 
was  twice  cited  for  bravery.  He  was  honorably  discharged  on  Oct. 
19,  1916,  and  in  Nov.  returned  to  the  U.S. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston  in  May,  1917,  and  graduated  with  the 
first  class  of  cadet  aviators  at  M.I.T.  He  was  then  ordered  to 
Mineola,  N.Y.,  for  practical  flying,  graduated  there  as  a pilot,  and 
was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  A.S.,  S.C.,  Officers’  Reserve  Corps, 
U.S.A.,  on  Aug.  28,  1917.  He  was  assigned  for  further  advanced 
instruction  to  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  where  he  later 
acted  as  instructor.  Subsequently  he  was  transferred  to  Toronto, 
Can.;  to  Taliaferro  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  where  he  was  at- 
tached to  the  27th  Squadron;  to  Toronto  again;  and  to  Kelly 
Field,  No.  2,  San  Antonio,  Tex. 

He  went  overseas  in  command  of  the  183d  Aero  Squadron.  As  a 
member  of  the  A.E.F.  he  was  trained  at  various  British  flying 
schools,  and  commissioned  Capt.  (temp.)  in  the  Signal  Corps, 
U.S.A.,  on  Feb.  19,  1918.  He  was  attached  to  the  85th  Squadron, 
R.A.F.,  with  which  he  saw  much  active  service  during  July,  Aug., 
and  Sept.,  1918.  In  Sept,  he  was  taken  ill;  upon  recovery  was 
given  leave.  He  returned  to  the  Supply  Depot,  Nov.  5,  and 
arrived  in  Boston,  Mass.,  on  Jan.  22,  1919. 

Captain  Powel  is  still  in  the  Service,  stationed  at  Kelly  Field, 
San  Antonio,  Tex.  He  took  part  in  the  Mid-West  Flight  of  the 
Flying  Circus  engaged  in  selling  Victory  Loan  Bonds. 

Captain  Powel  comes  of  a family  prominent  for  three  centuries 
in  the  Army  and  Navy  of  Great  Britain. 


CHARLES  HURD  HOWELL 

Captain,  R.F.C.,  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Squadrons 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  D.  Howell,  of  Boston,  Mass.;  was 
born  at  Uniontown,  Fayette,  Co.  Pa.,  Feb.  25,  1891.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  St.  Mark’s  School,  Southboro,  Mass.;  at  Trinity  College, 
Hartford,  Conn.,  and  at  Balliol,  Oxford,  and  Christ’s,  Cambridge, 
Eng. 

In  Sept.,  1915,  while  a student  at  Oxford,  he  enlisted  in  the 
Royal  Flying  Corps.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Dec.  13, 
1915;  and  in  July,  1916,  was  one  of  a large  group  of  flyers  that 
accompanied  Gen.  Haig  in  his  campaign  on  the  Somme,  for  some 
nine  months  continuously.  Lieut.  Howell  was  then  given  a rest  in 
England,  and  was  later  in  service  in  the  Coast  Defence  against 
raids,  and  was  in  charge  of  anti-aircraft  gun  crews.  He  gained  his 
first  promotion  from  successful  bombing  in  the  Somme  drive. 

He  trained  in  England  at  Brooklands,  No.  2,  Res.  Squadron, 
and  at  Croydon,  No.  17,  Res.  Squadron.  In  France  he  was  at- 
tached to  12th  and  13th  Squadrons,  and  to  Headquarters.  In 
England  he  served  as  instructor  to  the  49th  and  44th  Squadrons, 
at  No.  2,  Auxiliary  School  of  Aerial  Gunnery;  also  to  the  45th,  61st, 
and  39th  Squadrons,  at  Grantham. 

He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  July  1,  1917;  Capt.,  Sept.  1, 
1918.  On  Jan.  25,  1919,  he  was  demobilized  at  Thetford,  Eng. 

His  commanding  officer,  R.A.F.,  wrote  in  Sept.,  1918,  in  recom- 
mending him  for  promotion: 

I have  known  Lieut.  C.  H.  Howell  for  the  past  two  and  three-quarters 
years,  first  as  Pilot  in  England,  and  later  in  France  where  he  did  splendid 
work  in  an  artillery  observation  and  long-range  bombing  Squadron.  He 
can  fly  almost  any  type  of  machine,  and  is  an  excellent  instructor.  Alto- 
gether, to  my  knowledge,  he  has  had  that  varied  experience  which  fits  him 
to  lead  formations  in  the  Field,  or  command  Instructional  Flights  at 
home. 

(Signed)  Lieut.-Col.  (A.)  R.A.F. 

Capt.  Howell  was  mentioned  in  the  Victory  Despatches  from 
Eng.  in  Nov.,  1919,  for  his  “splendid  service  during  the  war.” 

Married,  Dec.  19,  1916,  Margaret  Russell. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

G.  Dawson  Howell,  Lieut.,  U.S.  Navy. 


[ 74  ] 


ROBERT  H.  REECE 

First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F. 

Son  of  John  and  Marietta  Reece  (Now  Mrs.  J.  B.  Thomas);  was 
born  in  Brookline,  Mass.,  Aug.  30,  1888.  He  prepared  for  college 
at  the  Noble  and  Greenough  School  and  entered  Harvard  College 
in  the  class  of  1911. 

In  Oct.,  1916,  he  joined  the  Royal  Flying  Corps  and  received 
his  aviation  training  in  England.  During  the  following  year  he 
was  one  of  thirty-five  chosen  from  his  Squadron  to  be  sent  to  the 
Ypres  front,  attached  to  the  first  Royal  Flying  Corps  bombing 
squadron  used  in  France.  In  Oct.,  1917,  he  was  attached  to  the 
Handley-Page  Squadron,  R.N.A.S.,  as  navigating  officer  for  long- 
distance night-bombing  raids  into  Germany.  The  following  Feb. 
he  was  granted  six  months  leave  and  sailed  for  America  on  the 
S.S.  Andania , which  was  torpedoed  off  the  Irish  coast.  All  on 
board  were  rescued  by  trawlers  and  returned  to  England;  Lieut. 
Reece’s  leave  was  extended  and  his  next  voyage  was  uninterrupted. 

In  April,  1918,  he  returned  to  his  Squadron  in  France,  known  as 
“The  Bedouin  Squadron.”  Among  the  places  bombed  by  this 
Squadron  during  the  following  months  were  Metz,  Mannheim, 
Konz,  Pforzheim,  Thionville,  Saarbrucken,  Lumez,  Vahl  Eberzing, 
Stuttgart,  and  Frankfort,  the  raid  at  the  last  place  being  carried 
out  during  three  thunderstorms. 

On  July  7,  1918,  Lieut.  Reece  was  awarded  the  “Distinguished 
Flying  Cross,”  and  in  Sept.  1918,  he  was  sent  to  England  as  A.D.C. 
to  the  Inspector  General  of  the  Royal  Air  Force. 

The  D.F.C.  is  personally  bestowed  upon  the  recipients  by  King 
George  at  Buckingham  Palace,  and  Lieut.  Reece  was  one  of  five 
Americans  to  receive  this  honor. 

Lieut.  Reece  was  early  convinced  that  the  aeroplane  would 
become  an  effective  fighting  machine,  and  during  his  term  in  the 
British  Army  he  saw  the  development  in  the  Air  Service  from  the 
use  of  small  machines  for  observation  only,  into  a great  offensive 
arm  of  warfare.  This  is  all  graphically  described  in  the  first  chapter 
of  his  book,  “Night  Bombing  with  the  Bedouins.”  This  chapter  he 
has  aptly  named  “Per  Ardua  Ad  Astra”  which  was  the  motto  of 
the  Royal  Flying  Corps.  To  quote  his  words: 


ROBERT  II.  REECE 


What  would  the  past  generation  have  said  of  a man  who  had  prophesied 
great  armies  fighting  in  the  air?  Even  in  the  early  months  of  the  war  there 
were  but  few  who  realized  what  an  important  part  of  the  war  was  to  be 
carried  on  in  the  newly  conquered  element.  When  the  infantry  saw  an 
occasional  box-kite-looking  machine  drifting  slowly  over  the  lines,  strug- 
gling to  keep  itself  aloft,  how  many,  I wonder,  foresaw  that  in  a few 
months  these  machines  would  be  swooping  down  on  them  like  swallows, 
raking  them  with  machine  guns  by  day  and  bombing  them  by  night?  How 
many  artillery  officers  laughed  at  the  suggestion  that  a day  was  coming 
when  thousands  of  great  guns  would  be  directed  from  the  air?  Yet  in  a 
few  short  months  two  great  blind  fighting  giants,  their  arms  stretching 
from  the  Belgian  coast  to  the  Swiss  border,  learned  to  see  each  other;  and 
their  eyes  were  in  the  air. 


It  was  not  until  1916  that  the  full  powers  of  the  aeroplane  as  an  of- 
fensive weapon  began  to  be  realized.  Bombing  was  done,  but  it  was  of  a 
desultory  nature,  and  although  the  number  of  machines  engaged  in  this 
work  steadily  increased,  and  the  work  itself  became  more  and  more  di- 
versified and  specialized,  it  was  not  until  1918  that  the  possibilities  of  the 
aeroplane  as  a purely  offensive  weapon  were  appreciated. 

An  aeroplane  can  operate  far  back  of  the  enemy  lines,  both  in  the  day 
and  at  night;  enemy  troops  in  transport  can  be  bombed;  railway  stations, 
sidings,  etc.,  damaged;  transports  of  all  kinds  delayed;  and  ammunition 
dumps,  when  located,  can  be  blown  up.  In  fact,  military  targets  of  all 
sorts  can  be  attacked  from  the  air  that  cannot  be  reached  in  any  other 
way.  The  very  foundation  of  a nation’s  strength  in  war,  its  industry,  can 
be  attacked  from  the  air  and,  if  attacked  on  a large  enough  scale,  can  be 
destroyed. 


The  hundreds  of  bombing  machines  which  the  English  aeroplane  fac- 
tories were  turning  out  at  the  time  hostilities  ceased,  and  the  thousands  of 
men  being  trained  for  bombing,  make  one  wonder  what  would  have  hap- 
pened to  the  German  industries  if  the  war  had  continued  through  the 
spring  of  1919. 

Besides  these  hundreds  of  aeroplanes  under  construction  and  the  thou- 
sands of  men  in  training,  the  Royal  Air  Force  had  in  operation,  Nov.  11, 
1918,  over  twenty  thousand  aeroplanes,  over  thirty  thousand  aviators, 
and  over  two  hundred  thousand  mechanics  and  other  personnel. 

The  name  of  Lieut.  Robert  Reece  is  next  to  the  top  on  the 
Honor  List  at  the  Air  Ministry,  a record  of  those  who  did  night 
bombing  in  Germany.  He  resigned  from  the  Service  to  resume  his 
business  career  in  the  spring  of  1919. 

[ 78  ] 


PHILLIPS  MERRILL  PAYSON 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

One  Hundred  Sixty-Sixth  Aero  Squadron,  A.E.F. 

Attached  to  Fifty-Fifth  Squadron,  R.A.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  H.  Payson;  was  born  in  Portland, 
Me.,  Aug.  9,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Paul’s  School  Concord, 
N.H.,  and  at  Williams  College.  At  St.  Paul’s  School  he  played 
football  and  hockey,  and  was  a member  of  the  crew.  At  college  he 
was  captain  of  the  football  team  in  1914.  He  served  with  the  Ohio 
Cavalry  at  the  Mexican  Border  for  ten  months. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  in  June,  1917.  He  received  his 
training  with  the  Royal  Air  Force  at  various  English  schools; 
attended  the  Ground  School  at  Oxford  University,  and  the 
Machine-Gun  School  at  Grantham,  Eng.  He  was  trained  in  night 
flying  with  the  30th  Squadron,  at  Newcastle,  and  had  experience  in 
day  flying  at  Amesbury,  Eng.,  and  Turnberry,  Scotland.  Ordered 
to  France,  he  served  at  the  front  with  the  55th  Squadron,  R.A.F. , 
from  June  to  Oct.,  1918,  making  fourteen  long-distance  raids  on 
the  Rhine  towns.  His  day  raids  with  the  R.A.F.  included  Cologne, 
Coblenz,  Frankfort,  Mannheim,  Stuttgart,  Trier,  and  Offenburg. 
He  was  then  transferred  to  the  U.S.  Air  Service,  attached  to  the 
166th  Aero  Squadron,  A.E.F.,  with  which  he  served  from  Oct.  to 
Nov.,  1918,  and  made  seven  raids  during  the  Argonne  offensive. 
From  Nov.,  1918,  to  March,  1919,  he  was  with  the  166th  Aero 
Squadron,  Army  of  Occupation  He  was  honorably  discharged 
from  the  Air  Service  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  on  March  29,  1919. 

He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  on  April  7,  1918.  He  was  recom- 
mended for  promotion,  and  a letter  from  his  superior  officer  Major- 
Gen.  M.  M.  Patrick,  dated  Nov.  26,  1918,  expressed  regret  that 
instructions  from  the  War  Dept,  had  discontinued  all  promotions 
after  Nov.  11,  as  the  recommendation  for  Payson’s  promotion  had 
been  approved  by  the  Air  Service. 

Lieut.  Payson  was  also  recommended  for  the  D.S.C.  The  official 
text,  signed  by  Victor  Parks,  Jr.,  Capt.;  Inf.  att’d.  A.S.,  and  dated 
Nov.  12,  1918,  follows: 

Lieut.  Payson  is  English  trained,  having  been  with  an  R.A.F.  Independ- 
ent Force  for  several  months  before  coming  to  the  American  Forces. 

He  is  now  Flight  Commander  in  the  166th  Aero  Squadron,  and  is  a 
very  cool-headed  and  efficient  officer.  On  one  raid  over  the  lines  with  this 

[ 79  ] 


PHILLIPS  MERRILL  PAYSON 


Squadron,  his  plane  was  attacked  in  force  by  the  enemy,  and  he  fought 
them  until  far  back  of  our  own  lines.  Lieut.  Payson  skilfully  manoeuvred 
his  ship  and  evaded  the  German  planes,  time  and  time  again.  Several 
times  he  turned  upon  his  pursuers  and  fired  into  them  with  his  forward 
guns.  He  outmanoeuvred  his  opponents  at  every  stage  of  the  battle,  and 
with  his  Observer  fought  off  five  enemy  planes,  who  seemed  determined 
to  bring  him  down.  He  landed  near  Revigny  and  his  ship  was  salvaged, 
having  been  literally  shot  to  pieces.  The  landing  wires  were  shot  away, 
the  planes  riddled,  and  his  gas  tank  shot  through. 

A letter  from  the  Office  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Air  Ministry, 
Strand,  London,  Eng.,  dated  May  23,  1919,  states: 

Lieutenant  P.  M.  Payson,  United  States  Air  Service,  was  attached  to 
the  Royal  Flying  Corps  and  Royal  Air  Force  from  20th  Oct.,  1917,  until 
30th  Sept.,  1918. 

He  graduated  as  a Pilot  in  April,  1918,  and  had  completed  approxi- 
mately 212  hours  in  the  air. 

He  served  with  No.  55  Squadron,  R.A.F.,  which  formed  part  of  the  In- 
dependent Air  Force,  from  30th  June,  1918,  to  30th  Sept.,  1918,  during 
which  period  he  took  part  in  14  successful  bombing  raids,  and  at  all 
times  displayed  great  ability  and  keenness.  He  was  a thoroughly  efficient 
officer  and  a good  pilot,  and  on  the  termination  of  his  attachment  to 
No.  55  Squadron,  the  Squadron  Commander  reported  that  he  should 
make  a very  satisfactory  Flight  Commander. 

Citation 

The  Army  Air  Service  Commander,  First  Army,  cites  the  following 
officers  and  men  for  exceptional  devotion  to  duty : 

24.  First  Lieutenant  P.  M.  Payson,  A.S.,U.S.A.,  as  Pilot  of  the  166th 
Aero  Squadron,  performed  efficient  and  hazardous  work  in  the  Argonne- 
Meuse  sector,  Oct.-Nov.,  1918,  during  operations  of  the  First  Day 
Bombardment  Group. 


By  order  of  Colonel  Milling 


* JOHN  F.  STAFFORD,  Jr. 

Second  Lieutenant,  Two  Hundred  Tenth  Squadron,  R.A.F. 

Killed  in  action , Sept.  29,  1918 

Son  of  John  and  Maud  C.  (Birtwell)  Stafford;  was  born  at  Fall 
River,  Mass.,  May  5,  1898.  He  was  educated  at  Westminster  Pre- 
paratory School,  Simsbury,  Conn.,  where  he  was  prominent  in 
athletics,  playing  three  years  on  the  football  team  and  three  years 
on  the  baseball  team. 

In  Oct.,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Canadian  Air  Service,  at  New 
York,  being  then  nineteen  years  old.  He  was  immediately  sent  to 
Canada,  and  trained  at  Camp  Leaside,  Camp  Mohawk,  and  Camp 
Borden  successively.  He  also  attended  the  University  of  Toronto; 
and  then  went  to  the  School  of  Aerial  Gunnery,  at  Camp  Hicks, 
Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  where  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  April, 
1918.  He  left  about  the  middle  of  May,  for  England,  and  was  at 
the  Royal  Air  Force  Training  Establishment  in  Cranwell,  Sleaford, 
Lincolnshire,  and  later  at  Camp  Freiston,  Boston,  Eng.,  attached 
to  the  210th  Squadron,  R.A.F.  At  the  latter  gunnery  school  he 
made  the  best  record  ever  held  for  aerial  gunnery  — that  is,  target 
practice  from  the  air  upon  real-sized  target  aeroplanes,  and  also 
upon  the  target  suspended  from  the  pit  balloon.  Lieut.  Stafford 
trained  in  England  from  June  until  Sept.,  1918,  when  he  was 
ordered  to  France,  and  stationed  near  Dunkirk.  On  Sept.  29  he 
left  Dunkirk  in  a Camel  Sopwith  fighting  scout  machine,  and  was 
last  seen  in  aerial  combat  with  a German  airplane  on  that  date. 
He  was  reported  missing  by  the  British  Air  Ministry,  who  have 
been  unable  to  obtain  further  information,  and  the  presumption 
is  that  he  was  killed.  There  was  a report  that  he  had  passed 
through  Berne,  Switzerland,  on  Dec.  9;  but  his  family  have  had 
no  further  reassurance,  and  have  given  up  hope  of  his  return. 


* JOSEPH  BROWN  BOWEN 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Thirty-Second  Squadron,  R.A.F.,  B.E.F. 

Killed  in  action.  Sept.  7,  1918 

Son  of  Edward  Steere,  and  Elma  Sophia  (Brown)  Bowen;  was 
born  at  Providence,  R.I.,  April  15,  1891.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  Pawtucket,  R.I.,  graduated  from  Brown  Uni- 
versity in  1915,  and  in  June,  1917,  received  from  Yale  the  degree 
of  Master  of  Forestry. 

On  July  21,  1917,  he  volunteered  for  the  Air  Service  and  trained 
at  Princeton,  and  with  the  Royal  Air  Force  at  Fort  Worth,  Tex. 
He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Feb.  19,  1918,  and  went  overseas 
with  the  148th  Aero  Squadron,  A.E.F.  On  reaching  England  he 
was  detached  for  special  instruction  in  scout  fighting,  a tribute  to 
his  skill,  since  only  the  most  promising  aviators  were  chosen  to  fly 
combat  planes.  This  training  completed,  the  Royal  Flying  Corps 
wished  to  retain  him  as  a permanent  staff  officer,  but  permission 
was  refused  and  he  was  assigned  to  active  duty  with  the  32d  Aero 
Squadron,  Royal  Air  Force,  being  one  of  the  few  American  officers 
attached  to  British  squadrons.  During  late  July,  and  through  Aug., 
1918,  he  was  in  the  heavy  fighting  in  the  vicinity  of  Cambrai, 
Chateau-Thierry,  Fismes,  and  Douai. 

His  letters  related  violent  encounters  with  Richthofen’s  “circus,” 
from  one  of  which  he  returned  with  twenty-two  bullet  holes  in  his 
plane.  Of  another  fight  he  wrote:  “I  think  I got  a Hun  in  the 
scrap,  but  was  too  busy  to  see  what  happened  to  him.” 

On  Sept.  7,  1918,  volunteers  were  asked  for  a special  patrol  and 
Lieut.  Bowen  offered  to  go,  and,  as  his  flight-book  shows,  it  was  not 
the  first  time  that  he  had  chosen  to  do  more  than  duty  required. 
That  evening  he  was  posted  as  missing.  Later,  it  was  ascertained 
that  he  had  been  killed  in  the  air,  while  engaged  on  the  Allied  side 
of  the  lines,  in  single  combat  with  a Fokker  scout.  He  was  buried 
near  the  village  of  Pronville,  west  of  Bourlon  Wood  and  Cambrai. 
Above  his  grave  his  Squadron  placed  a cross  made  from  the  broken 
propeller  of  his  plane,  inscribed  to  his  memory. 

Lieut.  Bowen  was  of  Puritan  descent;  from  Dr.  Richard  Bowen 
who  landed  in  Weymouth  in  1639,  through  six  generations  of 


t 84  ] 


JOSEPH  BROWN  BOWEN 


doctors,  including  Col.  Joseph  Bowen  of  Revolutionary  fame.  His 
mother’s  ancestry  returns  to  Roger  Williams. 

Lieut.  Bowen  was  passionately  fond  of  outdoor  life  and  of  the 
trees,  which  he  meant  to  make  his  profession;  his  enthusiasm  for 
the  freedom  of  the  outdoor  world  made  him  more  prompt  to  re- 
spond to  the  call  of  Liberty  and  his  attitude  toward  his  work  in 
aviation  is  set  forth  in  his  own  words  written  to  his  family: 

It  is  true  that  the  aviator’s  job  is  dangerous,  but  death  has  never  held 
any  dread  for  me.  In  fact,  I think  I have  a philosopher’s  point  of  view, 
and  I can  look  upon  it  as  an  interesting  experience  that  will  come  sooner 
or  later.  I am  not  married  and  therefore  should  go  at  once,  but  even  if  I 
had  a wife  and  children,  I should  consider  it  my  duty  to  go  if  the  war  lasts 
much  longer,  for  it  is  a plain  case  of  doing  the  fighting  abroad  while  the 
loved  ones  at  home  are  in  safety.  It  does  not  matter  when  a man  dies, 
but  how” 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Harold  Clovis  Bowen,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  810th  Aero  Squadron. 


LYMAN  PERLEY  WHITTEN 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Francis  and  Susan  S.  Whitten;  was  born  at  Malden,  Mass., 
March  25,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Malden  High  School,  and 
at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology.  He  was  a member  of  the  soph- 
omore relay  team  at  M.I.T.  in  1917.  He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass., 
Nov.  3,  1917,  and  on  Dec.  8 reported  at  the  U.S.  School  of  Military 
Aeronautics  at  Princeton,  N.  J.  He  was  transferred  to  Camp  Dick, 
Dallas,  Tex.,  on  Feb.  22,  1918,  and  to  Taliaferro  Field,  Hicks,  Tex., 
on  March  13,  1918.  On  June  3 he  was  ordered  back  to  Camp  Dick, 
and  on  July  5 assigned  to  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.  He  was 
commissioned  2d  Lieut,  on  May  23,  1918,  and  honorably  discharged 
at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  Jan.  6,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Louis  Osborne  Whitten,  Private,  M.E.R.C.,  Base  Hospital  No. 

44,  Mesves,  France. 


HENRY  JAMES  GRAY  RUDOLF 


First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F.,  Forty-First  Squadron,  with 
Second  Army,  B.E.F. 

Son  of  James  R.  and  Edna  (Havelock)  Rudolf,  of  Boston,  Mass.; 
was  born  in  Canada,  July  20,  1891.  He  attended  the  Brookline 
High  School,  and  graduated  from  M.I.T.,  S.B.,  1915.  He  was 
president  of  the  rifle  club,  M.I.T.,  and  capt.  of  the  rifle  team. 
He  spent  a year  experimenting  in  the  laboratories  of  Thomas  A. 
Edison,  and  later  entered  the  ammunition  plant  of  the  Bartlett- 
Haywood  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md.,  as  inventor  and  head  of  several 
departments  of  production. 

He  enlisted  on  Aug.  7,  1917,  in  the  Royal  Flying  Corps,  and  was 
ordered  to  Toronto,  Can.,  where  he  trained  at  Long  Branch, 
Ontario;  at  the  University  of  Toronto;  and  at  Camp  Mohawk.  In 
Nov.,  1917,  he  was  sent  to  Camp  Everman,  Tex.,  and  then  to 
Camp  Hicks,  where  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  R.F.C.,  on 
Jan.  29, 1918.  He  was  sent  overseas  in  Feb.,  1918,  and  completed  his 
final  training  at  Hooten  Park,  Cheshire,  Eng.,  where  he  graduated 
with  distinction  as  scout  pilot  and  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut., 
R.A.F.,  April  1,  1918.  After  additional  courses  in  aerial  gunnery 
at  Turnberry,  and  at  Gulane,  Scotland,  he  was  ordered  to  France 
on  Aug.  14,  attached  to  the  41st  Squadron,  with  the  2d  Army, 
B.E.F.  From  then  until  the  end  of  the  war  this  scout  squadron  did 
patrol  work  around  Ypres  and  as  far  south  as  Arras.  The  fighting 
was  all  well  over  the  lines,  and  seldom  below  12,000  feet,  which 
made  it  difficult  to  determine  the  exact  results.  This  Squadron  suc- 
ceeded in  keeping  the  Germans  on  their  own  side,  but  paid  heavily 
for  it,  as  in  three  months  the  personnel  changed  three  times. 

Lieut.  Rudolf  is  credited  with  three  Fokker  biplanes  out  of 
control  (confirmed).  On  one  occasion  he  and  two  others  were 
attacked  by  fifteen  Fokkers  that  came  down  on  them  through  the 
clouds.  After  losing  his  two  companions,  one  of  them  being  shot 
down  in  flames,  Lieut.  Rudolf  fought  his  way  back  alone,  and 
on  landing  found  that  there  were  fifty-seven  bullet  holes  in  his 
machine.  On  another  occasion  he  was  alone  watching  a flight  of 
Bristol  Fighters  manoeuvring  toward  a flight  of  Fokkers.  Two  of 
the  British  machines  collided,  and  one  crashed.  The  other  gained 
control  near  the  ground  with  one  wing  badly  damaged,  but  was 


HENRY  JAMES  GRAY  RUDOLF 


attacked  by  a German  two-seater.  To  help  him,  Lieut.  Rudolf  was 
obliged  to  go  down  under  the  Fokker;  he  drove  the  German  plane 
off  and  flew  home  ahead  of  the  crippled  Bristol,  diving  on  the 
machine  guns  in  his  path.  For  this  exploit  he  was  mentioned  by 
the  second  Brigade  at  the  request  of  the  48th  Squadron. 

At  another  time  he  was  congratulated  by  the  British  2d  Army 
for  his  part  in  a duel  which  they  observed  from  the  front  line.  In 
the  midst  of  the  fight,  Lieut.  Rudolf  shot  off  one  blade  of  his  own 
propeller.  At  the  same  time  the  German  went  into  a spin.  Rudolf 
was  forced  to  stop  his  engine  but  followed  him  down  6000  feet, 
getting  in  bursts  as  he  came  out  of  his  spin,  and  left  his  enemy  out 
of  control,  himself  landing  safely  just  across  his  own  lines  on  a 
narrow  road  among  the  shell  craters  east  of  Ypres. 

The  principal  work  of  Squadron  41  was  to  furnish  offensive 
patrols  and  escorts  for  bombers,  but  on  all  patrols  they  dropped 
twenty-five  pound  bombs  at  railroads  and  bridges,  besides  doing 
some  ground-strafing.  On  Aug.  27,  at  dawn,  they  dropped  down  on 
the  Linselles  aerodrome,  some  twelve  miles  over  the  lines,  and 
flying  low,  bombed  and  shot  up  the  hangars,  leaving  all  in  flames. 

On  Sept.  28,  during  the  great  offensive  in  front  of  Ypres,  they 
swept  the  roads  in  front  of  the  advance,  which  took  place  in  a 
driving  rain  storm.  All  the  squadrons  of  the  11th  Wing  took  part. 
Ten  went  out  from  the  41st  Squadron,  but  only  five  of  them  re- 
turned. King  Albert  of  Belgium  was  in  personal  command,  and 
sent  his  congratulations  to  the  aviators. 

On  July  15,  1919,  Lieut.  Rudolf  was  placed  on  the  unemployed 
list,  R.A.F.,  retaining  rank. 


[ 88  ] 


ROBERT  SIDNEY  BOWEN,  Jr. 

Second  Lieutenant,  R.A.F. 

Son  of  Robert  Sidney  and  Catharine  Sinclair  (Fenton)  Bowen; 
was  born  at  Allston,  Mass.,  Oct.  4,  1900.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  Newton,  Mass.,  and  was  prominent  in  track 
athletics  at  the  Newton  High  School.  He  went  overseas  as  an 
ambulance  driver  in  the  American  Field  Service,  and  was  serving 
in  France  when  the  U.S.  took  over  this  organization,  and  returned 
him  to  this  country  as  under  military  age. 

He  enlisted  with  the  Royal  Flying  Corps  (British)  in  New  York 
City,  in  Oct.,  1917.  He  received  his  training  at  Toronto  University; 
at  Camp  Mohawk,  Deseronto,  Can.;  at  Camp  Leaside,  Beams- 
ville,  Can.;  and  at  Camp  Taliaferro,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  He  was 
ordered  overseas  in  July,  1918,  and  trained  at  Herts,  Eng., 
until  called  into  active  service  as  scout  Pilot  in  France,  where 
he  joined  the  84th  Squadron  a short  time  before  the  Armistice  was 
signed.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  the  Royal  Air  Force  in 
July,  1918.  Since  the  Armistice,  Lieut.  Bowen  has  been  on  special 
service  in  England;  in  active  service  in  France  and  Belgium;  also 
attached  to  the  80th  Squadron  serving  in  France  and  Egypt. 

On  Nov.  12,  the  day  after  the  signing  of  the  Armistice,  Lieut. 
Bowen  sent  home  a vivid  account  of  his  unofficial  downing  of  two 
enemy  machines  a few  days  previous  to  that  date;  his  letter  closed 
with  the  words: 

I reported  my  flight,  but  it  was  hard  lines  for  me  because  I have  no  idea 
where  the  German  planes  went  down  and  therefore  they  can’t  be  credited 
as  official.  . . . My  bus  has  33  bullet  holes  in  it  and  three  in  my  flying  suit, 
which  shows  I was  in  some  close  action. 

Grandfather  in  Service  — 

Charles  F.  Bowen,  served  in  5th  Mass.  Regiment  in  Civil  War. 


* ALFRED  THEODORE  WYMAN 

Second  Lieutenant,  R.A.F. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  May  27,  1918 
Son  of  Alfred  A.  and  Flora  M.  Wyman;  was  born  at  Fitchburg, 
Mass.,  Dec.  28,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  the  Fitchburg  High 
School,  and  at  M.I.T.,  from  which  he  graduated  with  the  degree 
1LS.  in  June,  1916.  He  was  a member  of  the  class  relay  team 
at  M.I.T.,  class  treasurer  in  1913;  class  president  in  1914,  and  a 
member  of  the  Delta  Upsilon  Fraternity,  Osiris,  the  Institute 
Committee,  and  the  Architectural  Society.  In  June,  1916,  he  re- 
ceived the  Medal  of  the  American  Institute  of  Architects  for  Gen- 
eral Excellence  in  Architecture,  and  the  Rotch  Prize  of  two  hundred 
dollars. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Royal  Flying  Corps,  at  Toronto,  Can.,  from 
Fitchburg,  Mass.,  in  Sept.,  1917.  He  received  provisional  appoint- 
ment as  2d  Lieut.,  Cavalry,  U.S.A.,  as  a result  of  the  examination 
which  he  passed  earlier  in  Sept.,  but  did  not  accept  because  he  was 
already  a member  of  the  R.F.C.  He  was  trained  as  a cadet  at 
various  flying  schools  in  Canada,  and  at  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  He  re- 
ceived sailing  orders  and  proceeded  overseas  to  England,  where  he 
received  further  training  outside  London.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut,  in  the  Royal  Air  Force,  on  April  1,  1918.  On  May  27, 
1918,  just  after  he  had  completed  his  training,  Lieut.  Wyman  was 
killed  as  the  result  of  an  airplane  crash  at  Chichester,  Eng.  He  was 
buried  at  Chichester,  Sussex  County,  Eng. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Philip  Wyman,  Capt.,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Franklin  Wyman,  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Kendall  Wyman,  2d  Lieut.,  Infantry,  U.S.A. 

Donald  Wyman,  2d  Lieut.,  Royal  Air  Force. 


HAROLD  A.  KULLBERG 

First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F.,  No.  1 Squadron 

Son  of  Charles  A.  and  Hilda  (Streed)  Kullberg;  was  born  at  Somer- 
ville, Mass.,  Sept.  10,  1896.  He  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Concord  and  Somerville,  and  the  Wentworth  Institute,  Boston. 

On  Aug.  7,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Royal  Flying  Corps,  at  To- 
ronto, Can.,  having  been  pronounced  too  short  to  pass  the  require- 
ments of  the  U.S.  Air  Service.  He  attended  the  School  of  Military 
Aeronautics  in  Toronto;  trained  at  Deseronto,  and  Camp  Borden, 
Can.;  and  also  at  Camp  Hicks,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  He  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  Dec.  12,  1917.  He  sailed  overseas  to  England, 
in  Jan.,  1918,  and  was  assigned  to  a scout  squadron  in  the  Surrey 
district,  and  stationed  at  Stockbridge  and  Tangmore.  He  was 
commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  April  12,  1918.  In  May  he  was  sent  to 
France,  attached  to  Squadron  1,  of  the  R.A.F.,  and  was  in  action 
on  several  fronts.  He  was  officially  credited  with  fourteen  Hun 
planes  and  two  balloons,  and  was  awarded  the  Distinguished  Fly- 
ing Cross  by  King  George.  The  victory  for  which  Lieut.  Kullberg 
was  decorated,  was  an  encounter  alone  with  ten  enemy  planes, 
during  which  he  brought  down  two  and  routed  the  others. 

His  last  experience  was  to  be  shot  down  in  Germany,  two  months 
before  the  Armistice  was  signed.  He  spent  six  months  in  the  Prince 
of  Wales  Hospital  recovering  from  his  wounds.  On  July  12,  1919, 
he  was  demobilized  in  England. 

Distinguished  Flying  Cross 

This  officer  has  destroyed  six  enemy  aeroplanes  and  has  taken  part  in 
seven  engagements  when  others  have  been  destroyed  by  members  of  this 
patrol.  A bold  and  keen  officer  who  possesses  fine  fighting  spirit. 

R.A.F.  Communique  No.  22 

Lieut.  H.  A.  Kullberg,  No.  1.  Squadron,  dived  on  a Fokker  biplane 
which  was  attacking  a D.H.  9,  and,  after  a long  burst  of  fire,  saw  its  wings 
break  off  in  the  air.  A little  later  he  attacked  another  Fokker  biplane, 
which  was  seen  to  go  down  and  crash. 

He  was  also  awarded  the  Diploma  of  Aerial  League  of  America. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Frank  O.  Kullberg,  Sergeant,  U.S.  Signal  Corps,  A.E.F. 


[ 94  ] 


HARRY  DEPEW  COPLAND 

First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Henry  B.  Copland;  was  born  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  April  17,  1896.  He  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  Detroit, 
Mich.,  and  Cambridge,  Mass.,  graduating  from  the  Rindge  Tech- 
nical School  in  Cambridge,  in  1915.  He  early  became  interested  in 
aviation.  In  1908  he  made  flights  at  Franklin  Field,  Boston,  and 
in  1911  conducted  experiments  with  a power-driven  airplane  of 
the  Curtiss  type  at  Detroit.  During  1915  and  1916  he  made  several 
trips  to  England  and  France,  and  was  wireless  operator  on  board 
British  munition  ships. 

In  the  spring  of  1917  he  endeavored  to  enlist  in  the  U.S.  Naval 
Aviation,  but  was  rejected  because  he  was  under  weight.  In  Aug., 
1917,  he  joined  the  Royal  Flying  Corps  in  Boston,  Mass.,  and  pro- 
ceeded to  Toronto,  Can.,  where  he  was  trained  as  pilot.  In  Nov., 

1917,  he  was  transferred  to  Taliaferro  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex., 
where  he  completed  a course  in  aerial  gunnery.  On  Dec.  18,  1917, 
he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  R.F.C.,  and  given  an  appointment 
as  Flying  Instructor  at  the  School  of  Aerial  Gunnery  in  Texas. 
From  that  date  until  April  he  trained  British  and  American 
cadets  in  aerial  gunnery.  On  April  1,  1918,  he  was  commissioned 
1st  Lieut.,  R.A.F.,  and  assigned  to  the  Aerial  Fighting  School  at 
Beamsville,  Ontario,  Can.,  as  Instructor.  In  July,  1918,  he  was 
appointed  Flight  Commander  of  B Flight  No.  1,  Aerial  Fighting 
Squadron,  which  he  instructed  until  Oct.  1.  From  the  time  of  his 
appointment  as  instructor  up  to  Oct.  1,  he  made  over  1500  flights 
and  carried  over  800  cadets  without  accident. 

In  Oct.,  1918,  Lieut.  Copland  was  sent  overseas,  and  attached  to 
the  Felixtowe  Air  Station.  Here  he  did  patrol  duty  in  the  North 
Sea  and  on  the  coasts  of  Germany,  Belgium,  and  France,  for  sub- 
marines. After  the  Armistice  was  signed,  he  patrolled  the  North 
Sea  in  large  flying  boats  in  search  of  floating  mines  which  menaced 
shipping.  These  patrols  lasted  from  four  to  six  hours.  On  Nov.  21, 

1918,  he  escorted  the  surrendered  German  submarines  into  Har- 
wich Harbor.  In  May,  1919,  he  was  ordered  to  No.  4 Communica- 
tion Squadron  from  No.  231  Squadron.  The  new  Squadron  carried 
passengers  and  mail  between  England  and  Holland  across  the 
North  Sea.  Lieut.  Copland  sailed  for  the  U.S.  on  June  29,  1919. 


JOHN  KENT  BLAIR 

First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F.,  Fifty-Sixth  Squadron 

Son  of  George  H.  and  Marion  L.  Blair;  was  born  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  May  8,  1894.  He  attended  the  Mechanic  Arts  High  School, 
Boston,  from  which  he  graduated  in  1912. 

On  July  15,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Royal  Flying  Corps  at 
Toronto,  Ont.,  having  four  cousins  with  the  Canadian  Expedition- 
ary Forces.  On  July  6 he  was  assigned  to  the  Cadet  Wing,  R.F.C., 
and  sent  to  the  Toronto  University  School  of  Military  Aeronautics 
for  training.  He  attended  successively  the  flying  school  at  Armour 
Heights  (Y  Squadron,  C.T.S.),  from  Aug.  20,  1917;  Leaside,  from 
Oct.  23  (90th  Squadron,  C.T.S.),  for  bombing,  photography,  ar- 
tillery, and  observation;  Camp  Hicks,  Tex.,  from  Nov.  25, 1917,  for 
aerial  gunnery;  and  Camp  Everman,  Tex.,  from  Dec.  13,  where  he 
was  instructor  to  the  80th  Squadron.  He  was  commissioned  2d 
Lieut,  in  Dec.,  1917,  and  1st  Lieut,  in  April,  1918. 

On  April  9 he  sailed  overseas,  and  was  stationed  with  the  3d 
Squadron  at  Shoreham-by-the-Sea,  Eng.,  on  April  29,  1918.  He 
was  later  transferred  to  Turnberry,  Scotland,  for  aerial  fighting. 
He  was  ordered  to  France  in  June,  and  served  there  with  the  56th 
Squadron,  encamped  a few  miles  south  of  Doullens,  until  just 
before  the  Armistice.  During  this  time  Lieut.  Blair  was  flying  a 
single  scout  machine,  S.A.  5,  and  was  engaged  in  patrol  work.  He 
was  in  numerous  air  fights,  “ground- strafing”  expeditions  and 
balloon  hunts.  He  was  shot  down  three  times  while  ground-strafing, 
but  managed  to  get  back  to  the  British  lines,  being  twice  forced 
to  land  among  the  trenches  and  shell-holes.  He  was  with  the 
British  advance  on  the  Cambrai  front  from  the  beginning  of  his 
active  service. 

He  was  still  with  the  Royal  Air  Force  at  Todcaster,  Yorkshire, 
Eng.,  on  June  12,  1919. 


[98] 


DAVID  CLENDON  HALE 

Observer,  R.A.F.,  Two  Hundred  Fourteenth  Squadron 

Son  of  Davis  Campbell  and  Elizabeth  (Sheen)  Hale,  of  Cambridge, 
Mass.;  was  born  in  Longmont,  Col.,  Aug.  18,  1894.  He  graduated 
from  Phillips  Andover  Academy  in  1913,  and  from  Amherst  Col- 
lege, S.B.,  1917.  He  belonged  to  the  track  team  at  school  and 
college. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.  Air  Service  at  Boston,  Mass.,  on  June  5, 
1917,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Ground  School  of  Naval  Aviation 
at  M.I.T.  He  transferred  to  the  Royal  Flying  Corps  at  Taliaferro 
Field,  No.  1,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  and  was  sent  overseas  to  England, 
on  March  1,  1918. 

He  completed  his  training  in  night  bombing  at  the  R.A.F. 
Officers’  Night  Flying  School  at  Stonehenge,  Salisbury  Plain, 
where  he  passed  a thirty-two  days’  course  on  May  7,  1918.  He 
was  later  ordered  to  London,  and  attached  to  the  214th  Squadron, 
R.A.F. , one  of  the  R.A.F.  Independent  Air  Squadrons,  which  was 
shortly  ordered  to  St.-Inglevert,  France.  He  qualified  as  Sub- 
Lieut.,  R.A.F.,  and  Observer  on  June  26,  1918. 

He  saw  service  at  the  French  front  from  July  9,  1918,  flying 
Handley-Page  bombing  machines,  and  taking  part  in  raids  on 
Ostend,  Bruges,  Zeebrugge,  and  the  various  German  aerodromes 
in  Belgium,  during  the  summer.  On  Aug.  15,  1918,  while  attached 
to  an  American  Squadron,  he  was  observer  in  the  first  (official) 
American  night  bombing  plane  to  cross  the  lines  on  the  western 
front,  en  route  to  a raid  on  the  Ostend  docks.  While  he  was  carry- 
ing out  a similar  raid  on  Zeebrugge  on  Aug.  22,  Observer  Hale’s 
machine  crashed  and  he  was  slightly  wounded.  During  the  autumn 
of  1918  the  214th  Squadron  made  a number  of  closely  concen- 
trated raids  in  connection  with  army  operations  in  the  lines,  bomb- 
ing railroad  junctions  and  ammunition  dumps  during  the  retreat 
from  Belgium.  At  the  time  of  the  Armistice,  Hale  was  stationed 
at  Maria  Aeltre,  Belgium.  From  there  he  wrote  that  the  most  in- 
teresting experience  of  all  was  entering  the  city  of  Ghent  on  the 
day  of  its  release  from  the  Germans,  and  receiving  the  welcome  of 
the  people  of  all  ages  and  conditions. 

He  was  honorably  discharged  on  Jan.  28,  1919,  at  Hampton 
Roads,  Va. 


[ 100  ] 


GEORGE  CLARKE  WHITING 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Forty-Third  Pursuit  Squad- 
ron, R.A.F.;  One  Hundred  Forty-Eighth  Pursuit  Squad- 
ron, U.S.;  Flight  Commander 

Son  of  Walter  Rogers  and  Gertrude  (Clarke)  Whiting;  was  born 
in  Boston,  Mass.,  Jan.  28,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  the  Stone 
School,  Boston,  and  Harvard  University,  class  of  1917.  He  rowed 
on  the  crew  at  school  and  at  college,  and  was  a member  of  the 
Union  Boat  Club  crew.  In  1916  he  was  instrumental  in  forming 
the  “Harvard  Flying  Corps,”  with  the  result  that  twenty  under- 
graduates and  two  members  of  the  graduate  committee  received 
training  at  flying  schools  and  became  licensed  aviators. 

On  April  17,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Section,  Signal 
Corps,  at  New  York,  and  trained  at  Miami,  Fla.,  and  Ground 
School,  Austin,  Tex.  On  Aug.  17,  1917,  he  sailed  overseas  with  one 
of  the  first  detachments  of  forty-eight  aviators,  picked  from 
American  flying  schools  for  training  in  the  foreign  fighting 
schools.  He  arrived  in  England  Sept.  1,  and  was  attached  to  the 
Royal  Flying  School  at  Oxford;  then  at  Croyden,  43  T.S.,  for  scout 
training.  In  Dec.  he  trained  at  Turnberry,  Scotland,  after  which 
he  had  a course  at  the  Aerial  Fighting  School,  Ayr,  Scotland. 

On  March  2,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  and  on 
March  12  crossed  to  France,  attached  to  the  43d  Squadron,  R.A.F., 
as  flying  officer,  one  of  the  first  three  to  cross  from  English  schools. 
He  remained  with  the  43d  until  July  1,  1918,  operating  from  the 
aerodromes  of  La  Gorge,  Avesnes,  Le  Compt,  Fouquerelle,  Lietre. 

On  July  1 Lieut.  Whiting  was  transferred  to  the  148th  American 
Air  Squadron  at  Dunkirk,  acting  as  Flight  Commander,  and  oper- 
ating successively  from  Dunkirk,  Allonville,  Ramasmill,  and  Al- 
bert. This  was  a Pursuit  Squadron  which  acted  in  cooperation  with 
the  R.A.F.  and  was  under  British  command.  Lieut.  Whiting  was 
in  active  service  with  this  Squadron  until  Oct.  4,  1918,  when  he 
was  shot  down,  and  was  admitted  to  General  Hospital  No.  14,  at 
Boulogne.  From  the  General  Hospital  he  went  to  Issoudun  for  the 
Medical  Board,  and  inspected  the  school  while  there.  He  then  re- 
ceived orders  to  return  to  the  U.S.  On  Feb.  4,  1918,  he  was  honor- 
ably discharged  at  Washington,  D.C. 

Married,  Oct.  4,  1917,  Martha  Clay. 


[ 102  ] 


* EDMUND  GRAHAM  TART 


First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F.,  Eighty-Fifth  Bombing  Squadron 

Group  Nine 

Killed  in  airplane  accident.  May  31,  1918 

Son  of  Edmund  and  Margaret  (McNab)  Tart,  of  Everett,  Mass.; 
was  born  in  Montreal,  P.Q.,  Nov.  28,  1892.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  of  Chelsea,  and  graduated  from  the  Wentworth 
Institute,  Boston,  with  a fine  record  in  mathematics.  In  athletics 
he  took  two  running  prizes,  for  200  and  for  400  yards.  He  had  acted 
as  assistant  commissioner  of  the  Everett  and  Chelsea  Boy  Scouts. 
He  was  in  business  as  an  electrical  engineer  at  the  time  of  his 
enlistment. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  in  the  spring  of  1917,  during  Col. 
Guthrie’s  recruiting  mission,  and  left  Boston  on  June  12,  1917,  for 
Frederickton,  N.B.;  he  then  trained  at  Camps  Gordon  and  Rath- 
bun,  at  Toronto  University,  Camp  Borden,  and  Leaside,  Can. 
He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  R.A.F.,  in  Nov.,  1917,  and  sailed 
overseas.  In  April,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  and  at- 
tached to  the  85th  Squadron,  Group  9.  It  was  said  by  his  Major 
that  he  was  a very  keen  pilot,  and  that  “he  could  go  to  crashes 
blindfolded.”  He  had  made  a special  study  of  map-reading. 

Lieut.  Tart  was  accidentally  killed  during  a flight  with  his 
bombing  squad,  in  England,  on  May  31,  1918,  and  was  buried  in 
Bebington  Cemetery,  England. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Harry  Tart,  Royal  Air  Force. 


[ 104  ] 


EDWARD  MILTON  WILCOX 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Ninety-Ninth  Squadron 
British  R.A.F. 

Son  of  George  C.  and  Gertrude  (Smith)  Wilcox;  was  born  at 
Winsted,  Conn.,  July  14,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Winsted 
public  schools,  Gilbert  High  School,  and  Sheffield  Scientific  School, 
Yale  University.  He  was  made  a member  of  Sigma  Chi,  at  Yale. 
He  trained  with  the  Yale  S.A.T.C.,  April-June,  1917. 

On  June  1,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  New  Haven.  In  eight  weeks  he 
completed  a course  in  Military  Aeronautics  at  M.I.T.,  and  was 
ordered  overseas,  sailing  Aug.  18,  1917.  He  was  a member  of  the 
1st  American  Detachment  attached  to  the  Royal  Flying  Corps 
for  training  in  England  as  pilot.  He  trained  at  Oxford,  Stamford 
(flying  a Curtiss  machine);  Lincoln  (advanced  flying),  where  he 
nearly  lost  his  life  when  his  engine  failed  at  the  height  of  3000  feet, 
and  he  fell  on  a concealed  embankment,  destroying  his  de  Haviland 
machine;  he  was  slightly  wounded,  and  was  in  a hospital  for  five 
weeks.  During  July,  1918,  he  was  trained  in  aerial  gunnery  at 
Marske,  Yorkshire,  and  was  ready  for  the  front.  But  he  had 
further  training  in  wireless  telephony  at  Salisbury  Plain,  England. 
On  May  13,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  Having  trained 
from  Sept.  4,  1917,  to  Aug.  5,  1918,  Lieut.  Wilcox  served  one 
month  as  ferry  pilot  in  England,  then  as  ferry  pilot  in  France  for 
the  Independent  Force,  Royal  Air  Force,  employed  in  bombing. 
He  was  sent  to  Courban,  an  aircraft  depot,  eleven  miles  behind  the 
lines,  which  supplied  machines  for  bombing  squadrons,  and  it 
was  then  his  duty  to  take  machines  to  the  front  to  replace  casual- 
ties. The  machines  used  for  bombing  trips  were  de  Haviland  4’s 
with  the  Rolls-Royce  engine,  de  Haviland  9’s  and  de  Haviland 
9 A’s,  equipped  with  the  Liberty  motor. 

On  reaching  France,  Lieut.  Wilcox  applied  to  go  to  the  front, 
but  was  sent  there  only  a week  before  the  war  ended,  with  the  99th 
Squadron,  R.A.F.  He  had,  however,  150  hours  in  the  air  to  his 
credit  before  sailing  for  America,  on  Jan.  28,  1919.  He  was  honor- 
ably discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  on  Feb.  14,  1919. 


[ 106  ] 


ARTHUR  KELLAM  TYLEE 

Lieutenant-Colonel,  R.A.F.,  Headquarters,  Canada 

Son  of  Arthur  Mailland  and  Harriet  F.  (Kellam)  Tylee,  of  Quincy, 
Mass.;  was  born  in  Lennoxville,  P.Q.,  Can.,  April  24,  1887.  He 
attended  the  Brookline  public  schools,  and  graduated  from 
M.I.T.,  B.S.,  1907. 

On  Aug.  4,  1915,  he  enlisted  in  the  R.F.C.,  at  Toronto,  Can., 
and  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  the  Canadian  Expeditionary 
Forces,  on  Nov.  18,  1915,  and  was  stationed  at  Toronto  until  Dec., 
1915.  On  Dec.  7,  1915,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  Royal 
Flying  Corps,  and  ordered  overseas.  He  was  stationed  at  Thetford, 
Eng.,  until  April,  1916;  first  attached  to  the  12th  then  to  the  35th 
Squadron,  R.F.C.  Ordered  to  France,  he  was  attached  to  the  23d 
Squadron  until  Aug.,  1916.  From  then  until  Jan.,  1917,  he  was 
attached  to  the  65th  Squadron  in  England.  On  Jan.  1,  1917,  he 
was  commissioned  Captain,  and  transferred  to  the  48th  Squadron 
in  England,  remaining  until  Feb.,  1917.  During  the  next  six 
months  he  was  with  the  81st  Squadron  in  England  and  Canada, 
being  commissioned  Major  on  March  21,  1917.  He  was  attached 
to  the  42d  Wing,  in  Canada,  until  Nov.,  1917,  and  was  in  Texas 
from  Nov.  to  Jan.,  1918.  From  Jan.  to  April,  1918,  he  was  with  the 
Training  Division  in  England. 

On  April  1,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  Lieut.-Col.,  and  attached 
to  Headquarters,  R.A.F.,  Canada,  as  Inspector  of  Training,  until 
the  close  of  the  war. 

On  Jan.  1,  1919,  Lieut.-Col.  Tylee  was  made  Officer  of  the 
British  Empire  (O.B.E.).  In  March,  1919,  he  was  still  in  the 
British  Service. 


[ 108  ] 


THOMAS  A.  KIRWAN 

Captain,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Michael  J.  and  Marcella  L.  (Aiken)  Kirwan;  was  born  at 
Oswego,  N.Y.,  March  12,  1892.  He  attended  the  high  school  at 
Oswego,  N.Y.;  Columbia  University,  class  of  1914  (two  years); 
and  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  (two  years,  special  course). 

In  March,  1915,  he  enlisted  in  Battery  A,  1st  Mass.  F.A.,  and 
served  on  the  Mexican  Border  in  1916  as  private.  He  was  elected 
2d  Lieut.,  June  14,  1917,  and  sailed  with  Battery  A,  101st  F.A., 
for  France,  Sept.  9,  1917.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  Nov.  16, 
1917,  and  on  Nov.  28  transferred  to  the  Air  Service  as  Observer; 
trained  for  six  weeks  at  Camp  Valdahon,  France,  and  returned  to 
his  regiment,  with  which  he  went  to  the  front  in  the  Chemin  des 
Dames  sector.  He  was  then  attached  to  French  Escadrille  55, 
which  was  located  at  Mont  de  Soissons,  and  assigned  to  the  26th 
Division,  for  aerial  observation  and  for  photography.  When  the 
26th  Division  left  the  Chemin  des  Dames  sector  he  was  sent  to 
French  Escadrille  51,  in  the  Reims  sector.  After  two  months’  train- 
ing he  was  ordered  to  report  to  the  88th  Squadron  and,  on  its  arrival 
at  the  Toul  sector,  was  appointed  Chief  Observer  of  the  squadron. 

In  July,  1918,  the  squadron  took  part  in  the  Chateau-Thierry 
offensive,  and  on  July  15  Capt.  Kirwan  was  made  Operations  Offi- 
cer of  the  Fourth  Observation  Group.  This  group  performed  the 
aerial  observations  for  the  divisions  which  came  into  the  Toul 
sector.  Shortly  before  the  St.-Mihiel  drive  Capt.  Kirwan  was 
promoted  to  Operations  Officer  of  the  Air  Service,  Fourth  Army 
Corps,  and  took  an  active  part  in  assigning  the  squadrons  and 
balloons  to  the  divisions  in  the  corps.  Following  this  offensive  the 
Fourth  Army  Corps  remained  in  this  sector  as  part  of  the 
Second  American  Army,  and  after  the  Armistice  went  into  Ger- 
many as  part  of  the  Army  of  Occupation. 

Capt.  Kirwan  spent  three  months  in  Trier  and  Coblenz,  and 
served  for  a month  as  Commandant  of  the  University  of  Rennes. 
At  his  request  he  was  relieved,  and  sailed  for  the  U.S.,  March  28, 
1919.  He  was  honorably  discharged,  April  19,  1919. 

Capt.  Kirwan  was  awarded  a citation  signed  by  Gen.  Pershing, 
for  “exceptionally  meritorious  and  conspicuous  services  as  Aerial 
Observer,  Fourth  Army  Corps.” 

[ 109  ] 


VAN  ZANDT  STONE 


Lieutenant,  R.F.C.,  Eighty-Third  Aero  Squadron 
Twenty-Third  Section 

Son  of  Charles  Emerson  and  Ada  Menzies  (Dailey)  Stone;  was 
born  in  Andover,  Mass.,  Sept.  14,  1893.  He  was  educated  at 
Phillips  Andover  Academy,  graduating  in  1912. 

On  Aug.  11,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Royal  Flying  Corps,  and 
was  sent  for  training  successively  to  Long  Branch,  Ontario,  Toronto 
University,  and  Camp  Mohawk,  Deseronto,  Can.  On  Nov.  15, 
1917,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  and  attached  as  instructor 
in  turn  to  Camps  Benbrook  and  Hicks,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  He  was 
commissioned  1st  Lieut,  in  Feb.,  1918,  and  made  Flight  Com- 
mander at  Camp  Leaside,  Toronto.  He  was  sent  overseas  and 
stationed  at  the  Central  Flying  School,  Upavon,  Wilts,  Eng., 
where,  owing  to  his  efficiency  as  Instructor,  the  War  Office  retained 
him  until  the  end  of  the  war. 

Lieut.  Stone  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Royal  Flying 
Corps  and  has  returned  to  the  U.S. 

The  following  “Tribute  to  the  Phillips  Andover  Boys  in  the 
War,”  by  Charles  Emerson  Stone,  father  of  Lieut.  Stone,  seems 
worthy  of  inclusion  here: 

I was  thinking  only  the  other  day  of  the  more  than  two  thousand  boys 
of  our  alumni  and  students  who  have  been  in  this  great  war,  and  what  a 
poignant  regret  it  would  always  be  that  we  had  failed  to  see,  in  the  years 
before  it  was  certainly  upon  us,  that  the  spirit  of  daring  and  the  thirst 
for  action  was  put  in  them  in  actual  preparation  for  this  awful  event.  How 
blind  we  are  after  all  our  research  and  years  of  study  and  thought,  that  we 
should  not  have  seen  it,  and  have  had  a little  more  charity  and  greater 
love  for  the  rare  souls  that  were  given  into  our  keeping!  But  ten  years 
ago  who  could  have  foretold  it  all?  Still  the  regret  is  there  all  the  same. 
And  we  mourn  the  loss  of  eighty-three  of  earth’s  noblemen.  R.I.P. 


[ no  ] 


WALTER  P.  MUTHER 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Forty-Seventh 
Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Lorenz  and  Louisa  (Ebert)  Muther,  of  Newton,  Mass.;  was 
born  at  Oak  Park,  111.,  March  1,  1890.  He  attended  the  Mass. 
Institute  of  Technology,  graduating  in  1913.  On  June  2,  1917,  he 
enlisted  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  trained  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School  and  at  the  Flying  School  at  Essington,  Pa.  He  was  com- 
missioned 1st  Lieut.,  Air  Service,  Nov.  8,  1917.  He  sailed  overseas 
from  New  York,  Nov.  2,  1917,  and  continued  his  training  at  the 
3d  A.LC.,  Issoudun,  France,  Dec.  4,  1917,  to  April  15,  1918,  and 
at  the  American  Aviation  Acceptance  Park,  Orly,  Seine,  April  15 
to  July  24,  1918.  Lieut.  Muther  was  then  attached  to  the  147th 
Aero  Squadron,  1st  Pursuit  Group,  with  which  he  remained  until 
Dec.  4,  1918.  With  this  Squadron,  which  did  notable  work  at  the 
front,  he  was  in  action  at  Chateau-Thierry,  St.-Mihiel,  and  in  the 
Argonne  Forest.  Lieut.  Muther  was  honorably  discharged,  Feb.  17, 
1919.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 

GEORGE  W. TUTTLE 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Dr.  Walter  and  Anna  A.  (Woodbury)  Tuttle;  was  born  at 
Exeter,  N.H.,  April  10,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  Phillips  Exeter 
Academy  and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology.  He  won 
scholarships  at  Exeter,  and  at  M.I.T.  for  the  entire  course.  He 
enlisted  in  U.S.  Army  School  of  Military  Aeronautics,  and  trained 
at  U.S.A.S.,  Mineola,  N.Y.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut., 
July  18,  1918,  and  assigned  to  the  48th  Aero  Squadron,  1st  Prov* 
Wing,  at  Mineola,  N.Y. ; then  to  the  3d  Prov.  Squadron,  Armorers’ 
School,  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Fairfield,  Ohio.  He  was  transferred 
to  the  U.S.  Army  Aviation  School,  Payne  Field,  West  Point, 
Miss.,  where  he  was  stationed  until  the  end  of  the  war.  He  was 
honorably  discharged  on  Dec.  5,  1918,  at  Hoboken,  N.J. 

Married,  April  29,  1918,  Edith  Pelletier. 

Father  in  Service  — 

Dr.  Walter  Tuttle,  examining  physician,  Rockingham  County, 
N.H. 


[ H2  ] 


-EDMUND  PIKE  GRAVES 

First  Lieutenant,  Royal  Air  Force 
Killed  in  airplane  accident,  Nov . 22,  1919 

Son  of  Edmund  Pike  and  Mary  Warner  (Caldwell)  Graves;  was 
born  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  March  13,  1891.  He  was  educated  at 
St.  George’s  College,  Buenos  Ayres;  Middlesex  School;  and  Har- 
vard College,  A.B.  1913.  He  enlisted  in  the  Royal  Air  Force  at 
Toronto,  Can.,  July  9,  1917.  In  Oct.  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut., 
“winning  his  wings.”  He  instructed  in  the  School  of  Aerial  Gun- 
nery at  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  until  March,  1918,  when  he  was  ap- 
pointed Instructor  of  Acrobatics  in  the  new  School  of  Special 
Flying  at  Armour  Heights,  Toronto;  where  he  was  commissioned 
1st  Lieut.  He  went  overseas  in  Oct.,  1918,  and  was  stationed  at 
London  Colney,  until  honorably  discharged  in  July,  1919.  His 
failure  to  get  to  the  front  was  such  a disappointment  to  him  that 
he  enlisted  in  the  Kosciuszko  Squadron  of  the  Polish  Army,  to 
fight  the  Bolsheviki,  in  Sept.,  1919,  and  was  engaged  in  operations 
against  them  just  previous  to  his  death.  He  was  killed  while  taking 
part  in  a Polish  celebration  at  Lemberg,  on  Nov.  22,  1919.  After 
the  squadron  had  flown  over  the  town,  he  flew  down  the  main 
street,  performing  the  “double  roll.”  During  the  manoeuvre  the 
right  wing  broke.  He  coolly  cleared  himself  and  jumped,  but  was 
too  near  the  ground  for  his  parachute  to  be  effective. 

While  in  England  he  had  agreed  to  pilot  a machine  in  a trans- 
Atlantic  attempt  when  Alcock’s  success  intervened.  Of  the  Bol- 
sheviki he  wrote: 

We  entertained  a Bolshevik  Squadron  Commander  who  deserted  to  the 
Poles  with  all  his  squadron,  officers  and  men.  They  had  been  forced  into 
the  Red  Army  by  threats  that  otherwise  their  families  would  be  shot. 
When  the  territory  occupied  by  these  families  had  been  taken,  he  and  his 
squadron  deserted.  The  Bolsheviki  have  few  planes  and  pilots,  all  flying 
under  compulsion,  and  they  never  venture  within  forty  kilometres  of  the 
lines.  Also,  each  officer  has  attached  to  him  a true  blue  or  “red”  Bolshevik 
who,  if  suspicious,  has  him  shot,  or  shoots  him  himself.  It  all  seems  in- 
credible. 


[ U4  1 


HENRY  JOSEPH  LEAVITT 


Second  Lieutenant,  R.A.F.,  B.E.F.,  Sixty-Fifth  Squadron 
Twenty-Second  Wing 

Son  of  Henry  and  Cora  (Holmes)  Leavitt,  of  Auburn,  Me.;  was 
born  at  Sanford,  Me.,  Oct.  4,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  the  Sanford 
High  School,  the  Tennessee  Military  Institute,  and  the  North- 
eastern College,  Boston,  graduating  in  the  class  of  1915. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Royal  Flying  Corps,  in  July,  1917.  He  re- 
ceived his  training  at  Toronto  University;  Camp  Deseronto;  Camp 
Mohawk;  and  Camp  Leaside,  Ontario;  and  subsequently  at  Camp 
Taliaferro,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  In  Jan.,  1918,  he  sailed  overseas  and 
completed  his  training  at  Montrose,  Scotland.  He  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  Dec.  19,  1917,  in  the  British  Land  Force.  In 
April,  1918,  he  was  assigned  to  the  65th  Squadron,  R.A.F.,  and 
went  to  the  front.  Lieut.  Leavitt  was  a skilful  and  daring  flyer,  but 
owing  to  a mishap  to  his  machine  while  flying  over  German  ter- 
ritory, on  May  17,  1918,  he  was  forced  to  land  between  the  German 
trenches,  and  was  captured  by  the  enemy.  From  then  until  Dec. 
13,  1918,  he  was  confined  in  German  prison  camps,  at  Karlsruhe, 
Rastadt,  and  Stralsund.  From  the  last  camp  he  wrote: 

Only  a fellow  who  is  unfortunate  enough  to  be  a prisoner  can  know  how 
cruel  the  Hun  really  is.  Our  camp  is  on  an  island  some  twenty  yards  from 
the  shore,  a barbed  wire  fence  runs  around  it.  On  the  inside  of  the  fence 
are  armed  sentries;  outside  the  wire  is  a dog  patrol.  These  dogs  are  trained 
to  jump  on  any  man  wearing  khaki.  We  used  to  watch  them  sometimes 
when  the  keeper  taught  them  to  attack  a well  padded  man  in  khaki.  One 
day  he  was  leading  three  dogs  through  the  camp  on  a rope;  an  officer  was 
walking  along  minding  his  own  business  when  the  Hun  let  them  go.  If 
a crowd  of  British  officers  had  not  hurried  to  the  scene  with  clubs  the  dogs 
would  have  killed  him.  As  it  was  the  poor  fellow  will  wear  the  teeth  marks 
of  the  dogs  in  his  face  for  life. 

On  his  release  Lieut.  Leavitt  was  given  a two  months’  furlough 
and  was  then  assigned  to  another  squadron  on  Feb.  26,  1919.  He 
returned  to  the  U.S.  in  July,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Harold  E.  Leavitt,  U.S.N. 

Previous  war  records  of  family  show  one  uncle  and  three  grand- 
uncles in  Civil  War;  great-grandfather,  David  Chase,  in  War  of 
1812;  great-great-grandfather  in  Revolutionary  War. 

[ 116  ] 


WALTER  AMORY 

First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F.,  Fourth  Squadron 

Son  of  Copley  and  Mary  (Russell)  Amory;  was  born  at  Walpole, 
N.H.,  in  June,  1899.  He  attended  the  Groton  School,  Groton, 
Mass.,  and  in  Aug.,  1917,  soon  after  passing  his  18th  birthday, 
enlisted  in  the  Royal  Air  Force,  Canada,  being  too  young  to  enter 
the  U.S.  Air  Service.  He  passed  his  examinations  successfully  and 
was  sent  to  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  where  he  was  kept  as  Instructor 
until  March,  1918.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  Jan.,  1918, 
and  in  April  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  and  given  his  wings. 

He  sailed  overseas  in  April,  1918,  and  continued  his  training  in 
England,  being  in  a serious  crash  in  June,  which  disabled  him  for 
over  two  months.  Upon  his  recovery  in  Sept.,  1918,  he  was  sent  to 
France  attached  to  the  4th  Squadron,  R.A.F.,  and  entered  active 
service  at  the  front.  On  Oct.  30  he  flew  over  the  enemy’s  lines, 
after  a skirmish  in  which  one  of  his  friends  was  shot;  in  a vain 
endeavor  to  aid  his  friend,  Lieut.  Amory  was  himself  wounded  in 
the  leg,  and  his  machine  brought  down  in  Belgium,  where  he  was 
captured. 

He  was  reported  “missing”  on  Nov.  7,  but  two  weeks  later  his 
family  received  word,  through  the  British  Red  Cross,  that  he  was 
alive  and  in  a hospital.  His  recovery  was  retarded  as  his  wounded 
leg  was  neglected  and  dressed  in  paper  bandages  while  he  was  with 
the  Germans,  at  Aix.  After  the  Armistice  he  was  taken  to  a British 
hospital,  and  late  in  Dec.  carried  to  England,  where  he  is  wait- 
ing to  recuperate  before  returning  overseas. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Copley  Amory,  Jr.,  Lieut.,  U.S.A. 

John  Forbes  Amory,  Private,  U.S.A. , 

(Both  in  active  fighting,  severely  wounded,  Sept.  28,  1918.) 


1 118  ] 


FRANCIS  PEABODY  MAGOUN,  Jr. 

First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F.,  No.  1 Squadron 

Son  of  Francis  Peabody  and  Jeanne  (Bartholow)  Magoun,  of 
Cambridge,  Mass.;  was  born  in  New  York  City,  Jan.  6,  1895.  He 
attended  the  Noble  and  Greenough  School,  Boston,  and  graduated 
from  Harvard  College  in  1916.  In  Feb.,  1916,  he  joined  the  Amer- 
ican Ambulance  Field  Service,  and  sailed  overseas;  he  served  as 
volunteer  driver  with  S.S.U.  No.  1,  from  March  3 to  Aug.  3,  1916, 
during  which  time  this  section  was  cited  in  French  divisional  Or- 
ders, July  15,  1916. 

He  returned  to  the  U.S.,  and  in  Feb.,  1917,  again  went  overseas, 
enlisting  in  London,  in  March,  with  the  Royal  Flying  Corps.  He 
attended  the  School  of  Military  Aeronautics  at  Oxford,  Eng.,  and 
trained  in  elementary  flying  at  the  R.N.A.S.  School,  Vendome, 
France.  He  trained  at  Catterick,  Yorks,  in  advanced  flying,  and  at 
the  School  of  Aerial  Gunnery  at  Turnberry,  Scotland.  On  July  4, 
1917,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.  R.A.F.;  and  on  Aug.  1,  1918, 
1st  Lieut.,  R.A.F. ; “wings”  gazetted  Sept.  3,  1917. 

Lieut.  Magoun  was  attached  to  No.  1 Squadron,  R.A.F.,  B.E.F., 
and  served  in  France  from  Nov.  15,  1917,  to  April  10,  1918,  when 
he  was  wounded  while  ground-strafing.  On  April  9 he  was  awarded 
the  British  Military  Cross.  In  the  summer  of  1918  he  returned  to 
the  U.S.  on  a furlough,  but  on  Oct.  9 rejoined  his  Squadron  and 
was  again  at  the  front,  remaining  in  active  service  until  the  first  of 
Jan.,  1919.  He  was  demobilized  at  Folkestone,  Eng.,  Jan.  10,  1919, 
and  enrolled  for  graduate  work  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
Eng.  In  the  summer  of  1919  Lieut.  Magoun  returned  to  the  U.S. 


[ 120  ] 


PATRICK  GRANT,  Second 
Flight  Cadet,  R.A.F. 

Son  of  Judge  Robert  and  Amy  Gordon  (Galt)  Grant;  was  born 
at  Boston,  Mass.,  April  30,  1886.  He  was  educated  at  the  Roxbury 
Latin  School,  Roxbury,  Mass.,  and  at  the  Noble  and  Greenough 
School,  Boston;  he  graduated  from  Harvard  College,  A.B.,  1908. 
He  was  a member  of  the  Harvard  ’Varsity  football  team. 

He  attended  the  First  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg  in 
Aug.,  1915. 

On  Nov.  1,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  as  Ensign, 
U.S.N.R.F.  He  resigned  on  April  21,  1918,  to  enter  the  Royal  Air 
Force,  Canada,  April  25,  1918.  He  trained  at  Ontario,  Can.,  and 
at  Camp  Borden,  Squadron  88,  Flight  C. 

He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Camp  Borden,  Ontario,  Can., 
after  Nov.  11,  1918.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 

Married,  Sept.  7,  1912,  Marie  S.  Diston. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Alexander  Galt  Grant,  2d  Lieut.,  U.S.A.  Field  Artillery. 

Gordon  Grant,  Capt.,  U.S.A.,  A.E.F.,  Field  Artillery. 

ALAN  HENRY  BOYNTON 

First  Lieutenant,  Marine  Aviation  Force 

Born  at  Lynn,  Mass.,  Oct.  23,  1892.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  Lynn,  and  at  the  Stone  School,  Boston.  He  enlisted  in 
the  U.S.  Marine  Corps,  and  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Sept.  17, 
1917.  He  trained  at  the  Curtiss  School,  at  Newport  News,  Va., 
and  was  then  stationed  at  the  Philadelphia  Navy  Yard,  with  Aero- 
nautic Co.,  Advanced  Base  Force,  U.S.  Marine  Corps.  He  was 
transferred  to  the  1st  Marine  Aeronautic  Co.,  Cape  May,  N.J., 
and  then  sent  to  the  Cape  May  Naval  Coastal  Air  Station.  He 
was  next  ordered  to  Naval  Base  13,  at  the  Azores,  and  subse- 
quently returned  to  the  Marine  Aviation  detachment  at  Miami, 
Fla.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  Marine  Corps,  June  10,  1918. 
Discharged  at  his  own  request,  at  Miami,  Fla.,  Nov.  25,  1918. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Charles  Raymond  Boynton,  Sergeant,  Supply  Co.  311,  Q.M.C., 
Bordeaux,  France. 


[ 122  ] 


WILLIAM  GASTON 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  N.A.F.,  Royal  Aviation  Bombing  Corps 

Son  of  William  A.  and  May  L.  (Lockwood)  Gaston;  was  born  in 
Boston,  Nov.  12,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  La  Villa,  Ouchy, 
Switzerland;  at  St.  Mark’s  School,  Southboro,  Mass.;  and  grad- 
uated, Harvard  College,  class  of  1919. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Navy  in  April,  1917.  In  May  he  was 
transferred  to  the  Naval  Aviation  Squad  at  Squantum,  Mass., 
where  he  was  commissioned  Ensign  on  Jan.  2,  1918,  and  received 
a pilot’s  license.  He  was  ordered  to  the  Aviation  Detachment, 
Naval  Operating  Base,  Hampton  Roads,  Va.,  on  Oct.  18,  1917, 
and  served  there  as  an  instructor.  On  Feb.  6,  1918,  he  was  assigned 
to  the  Royal  Flying  Corps,  at  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  for  a course  in 
Aerial  Gunnery.  He  sailed  for  Europe  on  March  22,  1918. 

On  his  arrival  in  England  he  patrolled  the  North  Sea  and  English 
Channel,  and  later  was  attached  to  the  R.N.A.S.  at  Hornsea, 
Yorkshire,  in  April,  1918.  He  was  sent  in  May  to  No.  1 School  of 
Navigation  and  Bomb  Dropping  at  Stonehenge  Mills,  Salisbury, 
and  remained  there  as  instructor  for  one  month.  He  was  then 
assigned  to  the  U.S.  Northern  Bombing  Squadron  with  head- 
quarters at  St.-Nylevert,  France,  in  July,  1918;  in  Aug.  he  was 
attached  to  the  U.S.  Air  Service  at  Milan,  Italy.  Subsequently, 
from  Sept,  to  Dec.,  1918,  he  was  with  No.  214  Squadron,  R.A.F., 
in  France,  and  was  in  command  of  a Handley-Page  bombing  plane. 
He  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lieut,  (j.g.),  Dec.  12,  1918.  Or- 
dered home  to  the  U.S.  in  Dec.,  1918,  and  relieved  from  active 
duty  in  Feb.,  1919.  He  returned  to  Harvard,  and  graduated  with 
the  class  of  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

John  Gaston,  Lieut.,  U.S.  Marines,  18th  Co.,  5th  Division, 
Army  of  Occupation,  Germany. 


[ 124  ] 


* LLOYD  ANDREWS  HAMILTON 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Seventeenth  Aero 
Squadron 

Killed  in  action,  Aug.  24,  1018 

Son  of  Dr.  John  A.  and  Jennie  B.  (Andrews)  Hamilton,  of  Burling- 
ton, Vt.;  was  born  at  Troy,  N.Y.,  June  13,  1894.  He  graduated 
from  the  Pittsfield  High  School  with  honors  in  1911;  there  he  was 
president  of  his  class  and  captain  of  the  school  track  team.  In 
1912  he  graduated  from  the  Jacob  Tome  Institute  in  Maryland. 
He  was  valedictorian  of  the  class,  was  awarded  the  school’s 
scholarship  prize,  elected  to  Alpha  Delta  Tau  for  “meritorious 
attainments,”  associate  editor  of  The  Trail  publication,  member 
of  the  debating  team,  and  of  the  track  team  and  football  squad. 

He  graduated  from  Syracuse  University,  A.B.,  1916.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  freshman  football  and  track  teams,  the  ’Varsity 
football  and  track  squads,  and  member  of  the  Psi  Upsilon  Fra- 
ternity. He  was  awarded  Phi  Beta  Kappa  honor,  and  Liberal  Arts 
honor,  in  the  Department  of  Economics,  and  graduated  Magna 
cum  Laude. 

In  the  fall  of  1916  Lieut.  Hamilton  entered  the  School  of  Busi- 
ness Administration  in  Harvard  University.  Following  the  decla- 
ration of  war  he  enlisted,  April  23,  1917,  and  on  May  12  was  sent 
to  the  R.O.T.C.  at  Plattsburg.  On  July  12  he  signed  for  Aviation 
and  was  transferred  to  the  M.I.T.  for  ground-school  work.  He 
left  Mineola,  Sept.  18,  with  150  others,  for  England.  Further 
ground-school  work  was  taken  at  Oxford  University,  and  Grant- 
ham Gun  School.  His  first  flying  was  at  Tadcaster,  and  was  con- 
tinued at  South  Carlton  aerodrome,  and  at  Turnberry  and  Ayr, 
Scotland. 

He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  March  2,  1918,  and  at  once  sent 
to  the  front  in  France,  attached  to  the  famous  British  Third  Aero 
Squadron.  He  had  the  distinction  of  being  the  first  American  offi- 
cer to  fight  with  the  Royal  Flying  Corps,  and  was  the  first  of  the 
150  of  his  Squad  to  bring  down  an  enemy  machine.  While  with 
the  R.F.C.  he  was  under  the  well-known  Capt.  Bell,  of  Australia, 
who  was  credited  with  twenty-three  machines,  and  who,  because 
of  his  dash  and  skill,  was  called  “Ginger  Bell.”  Lieut.  Hamilton 
was  with  Capt.  Bell  in  the  air  when  the  latter  was  shot  down  by 

[ 126  ] 


LLOYI)  ANDREWS  HAMILTON 


a German  explosive  shell,  and  at  once  avenged  his  Captain’s  death 
by  shooting  down  the  enemy  observer  and  pilot  in  their  machine. 
The  day  before  the  well-known  Von  Richthofen  was  killed  Lieut. 
H amilton  was  in  the  flight  that  fought  the  famous  “flying  circus” 
and  engaged  Von  Richthofen  himself  for  a few  minutes,  but  later 
engaged  another  and  sent  him  down. 

On  June  20  he  was  transferred  to  the  U.S.  Air  Service  and  made 
Flight  Commander  in  the  17th  Aero  Squadron.  This  he  helped  to 
form  and  train.  He  was  one  of  three  recommended  for  commanding 
officer  of  the  Squadron,  but  an  older  man  of  more  military  expe- 
rience was  chosen.  His  operations  throughout  his  work  at  the  front 
were  from  Amiens  north  to  the  coast.  On  Aug.  24  he  was  returning 
from  an  attack  ten  miles  over  the  lines  when  he  saw  an  enemy  kite 
balloon  and  dove  on  it,  causing  the  observer  to  jump,  and  then 
shot  the  balloon  down  in  flames.  But  before  getting  away  he  was 
hit  by  enemy  machine  guns  from  the  ground  and  fell  about  three 
miles  over  the  lines  and  near  Langecourt.  Ten  months  later  his 
grave  was  found  and  the  body  removed  and  buried  at  Bomy, 
France. 

Lieut.  Hamilton  was  awarded  the  British  Distinguished  Flying 
Cross  before  he  was  killed.  This  is  the  highest  decoration  awarded 
an  Aviator  by  that  nation.  This  citation  reads: 

Lieut.  L.  A.  Hamilton  is  an  excellent  Patrol  Leader,  and  his  dash  and 
skill  materially  helped  in  the  success  of  the  operations. 

In  company  with  four  others  he  received  the  award  for  bringing 
down  seventy-five  machines  in  one  month. 

He  was  also  awarded  the  U.S.  Distinguished  Service  Cross 
through  citation  by  General  Pershing.  The  citation  is  as  follows: 

Lieut.  Lloyd  Andrews  Hamilton  is  cited  for  extraordinary  heroism  in 
action  at  Varssenaer,  Belgium,  on  Aug.  13,  1918.  Leading  a low  bombing 
attack  on  a German  aerodrome  thirty  miles  behind  the  lines  he  descended 
and  destroyed  the  hangars  on  the  north  side  of  the  aerodrome  and  then 
attacked  a row  of  enemy  machines,  flying  as  low  as  twenty  feet  from  the 
ground  despite  intense  machine-gun  fire,  burning  five  German  planes.  He 
then  turned  and  fired  bursts  through  the  windows  of  the  chateau  in  which 
the  German  pilots  were  quartered,  twenty-six  of  whom  were  afterward 
reported  killed. 

This  destruction  was  made  without  the  loss  of  a man  or  a ma- 
chine making  the  attack. 


[ 128  ] 


LLOYD  ANDREWS  HAMILTON 


Lieut.  Hamilton  was  rated  as  a Military  Aviator  Aug.  3,  1918, 
by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  at  Auxi-Ie-Chateau.  He  is  cred- 
ited with  at  least  seven  German  planes,  some  reports  making  the 
number  twelve.  Six  other  machines  were  brought  down  for  which 
official  credit  was  not  given.  He  brought  down  six  observation 
balloons,  one  upon  the  day  of  his  death  and  one  the  day  before. 
While  training  in  England  he  is  said  to  have  perfected  a stunt  not 
before  used  at  the  front  and  that  most  of  his  victories  in  the  air 
resulted  from  its  use.  Among  his  effects  was  found  a snap-shot  of 
his  Sopwith  Camel  machine,  giving  a tail  view,  and  on  the  back 
of  the  picture  he  had  written,  “This  is  a view  no  Hun  ever  had  of 
my  bus.”  Often  he  wrote  that  he  had  no  fear  of  any  machine  the 
enemy  might  send  up,  but  that  in  low  flying  upon  transportation 
and  balloons  it  was  mere  chance  if  one  escaped  machine-gun  nests. 
It  was  in  this  work  that  he  finally  lost  his  life. 

An  officer  wrote: 

Ham  and  his  fighting  partner,  Tipton,  were  known  as  the  first  and 
finest  American  pilots  on  the  front  when  they  were  with  the  British,  and 
had  the  reputation  of  never  “letting  any  one  down,”  as  the  expression  is, 
in  a tight  corner. 

The  only  officer  who,  from  another  machine,  saw  him  shot  down, 
wrote : 

Ham  was  one  of  the  most  popular  fellows  out  here.  He  was  most  fearless 
in  the  face  of  danger  and  as  stout  a pilot  as  ever  flew  in  France;  he  was  a 
very  capable  Flight  Commander  and  we  all  felt  safe  when  behind  him. 

His  Major,  Commander  of  the  Squadron,  wrote : 

“Ham,”  as  he  was  endearingly  known  to  us  all,  has  been  a great  help 
in  training  our  new  men  and  in  developing  our  organization.  His  lovable 
personality,  steadfast  purpose  and  remarkable  ability  as  a flyer  have  set 
an  example  that  we  all  are  striving  to  emulate. 

His  great-great-grandfather,  Ebenezer  Andrews,  was  in  the 
Vermont  Militia,  served  in  the  Revolutionary  War  under  Ethan 
Allen,  and  with  some  sixty  men  captured  Ticonderoga.  He  also 
fought  at  Bennington. 


[ 129  ] 


* EDWARD  HOOPER  GARDINER 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Artillery  Observer 
Attached  to  Fiftieth  Squadron 

Killed  in  action,  Sejpt.  12,  1918 

Son  of  Edward  G.  and  Jane  G.  (Hooper)  Gardiner;  was  born  in 
Boston,  May  14,  1896.  He  graduated  from  the  Berkshire  School, 
Sheffield,  Mass.,  and  entered  Harvard  College,  class  of  1919  (A.B. 
posthumously  awarded  him).  At  school  he  played  for  three  years 
on  the  football  team,  and  at  college  was  on  the  freshman  crew 
squad. 

He  trained  with  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.  and  attended  the  Platts- 
burg  Training  Camps  in  1916  (one  month),  and  1917  (three 
months).  On  Aug.  15,  1917,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  U.S. 
Cavalry,  and  on  Aug.  29  reported  at  Camp  Devens,  attached  to 
the  Field  Artillery.  He  was  transferred  to  the  103d  Machine-Gun 
Bat.,  52d  Brigade,  at  Camp  Bartlett,  on  Aug.  31.  On  Sept.  17  he 
volunteered  to  fill  a vacancy  in  Headquarters  Det.,  51st  Artillery 
Brigade,  26th  Division,  at  Boxford,  Mass.  He  sailed  overseas 
under  “confidential  orders,”  on  the  Finland , as  General’s  Aide, 
attached  to  Battery  C,  and  landed  at  St.-Nazaire  on  Oct.  5,  1917. 
During  Oct.  and  Nov.  he  was  attached  to  the  102d  F.A.  He  was 
transferred  on  Dec.  9,  1917,  to  the  Aviation  School  for  Instruc- 
tion in  Observation,  at  Le  Valdahon,  remaining  there  until  Jan.  15, 
1918,  when  he  was  returned  to  the  102d  F.A.,  and  went  with  them 
to  the  front  in  the  Chemin  des  Dames  sector.  He  was  appointed 
Assistant  Instructor  in  Aerial  Observation  on  March  3,  1918.  He 
was  ill  with  grippe  at  Base  Hospital  No.  6 from  May  21  to  Aug.  3. 

On  Aug.  16  he  was  attached  to  the  50th  Aero  Squadron,  and  on 
Sept.  12  he  disappeared  in  action  near  Pont-a-Mousson,  during 
the  St.-Mihiel  offensive.  For  several  months  after  his  death  there 
was  great  uncertainty  as  to  Lieut.  Gardiner’s  fate,  and  it  was  not 
until  May,  1919,  that  an  official  report  from  the  American  Military 
Mission  in  Berlin  secured  the  German  record  which  stated  that  he 
had  been  shot  down  at  Thisnonville,  a small  town  twenty-five 
kilometres  northeast  of  Pont-a-Mousson.  He  was  buried  in  the 
American  Cemetery  at  Thiaucourt,  France. 


[ 130  ] 


* STAFFORD  LEIGHTON  BROWN 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  Sept.  28,  1918 

Son  of  George  W.  and  Eugenie  (Stafford)  Brown;  was  born  at 
Newton,  Mass.,  Oct.  25,  1895.  He  was  a graduate  of  the  Newton 
High  School,  and  entered  Dartmouth  College  in  the  class  of  1920. 
At  college  he  was  captain  of  the  tennis  team,  and  played  on  the 
football  and  hockey  teams. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  1915;  and  in 
March,  1917,  went  overseas  to  France  as  driver  in  the  American 
Ambulance  Field  Service.  He  served  for  five  months,  chiefly  in  the 
vicinity  of  Verdun,  and  then  joined  the  Air  Service.  He  trained  at 
Tours  and  Issoudun,  and  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  in  June, 
1918. 

In  at  least  three  instances,  before  the  accident  in  which  his  life 
was  sacrificed,  Lieut.  Brown  escaped  fatal  consequences  solely  by 
his  remarkable  skill  as  pilot.  On  one  of  these  occasions  his  com- 
panion was  killed.  He  had  almost  finished  formation  flying  in  the 
Seventh  Class,  when  he  was  killed  by  a fall  due  to  a defect  in  his 
machine,  on  Sept.  28,  1918,  while  flying  a Spad  monoplace  to  the 
front,  in  the  Arrondissement  de  Mantes.  He  was  buried  at  Harge- 
ville,  Suresnes,  France. 


[ 132  ] 


* STURGIS  PISHON 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Three  Hundred  Forty-First 

Aero  Squadron 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  Oct.  26,  1918 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Josiah  Sturgis  Pishon;  was  born  at  Las  Vegas, 
New  Mexico,  May  30,  1888.  When  a boy  he  removed  to  West 
Roxbury,  Mass.,  where  he  attended  the  public  schools.  He  grad- 
uated from  the  English  High  School,  Boston,  in  1906,  as  a Frank- 
lin Medal  scholar,  and  entered  Dartmouth  College  in  the  class  of 
1910,  graduating  there  magna  cum  laude.  He  was  prominent  in 
athletics,  playing  on  the  ’Varsity  football  team,  where  he  was  fa- 
mous as  quarter-back;  he  also  played  baseball  and  hockey,  and 
belonged  to  the  Theta  Delta  Chi  Fraternity  and  the  Casque  and 
Gauntlet  Society;  was  member  of  Phi  Beta  Kappa;  was  permanent 
secretary  of  his  class.  On  leaving  college  he  entered  the  wool  busi- 
ness and  later  associated  himself  with  an  advertising  firm,  with 
which  he  was  connected  at  the  time  of  his  entry  into  the  U.S. 
Service. 

He  enlisted  Aug.  8,  1917,  at  the  Army  Aviation  Ground  School 
at  Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  N.Y.,  graduating  there  Sept.  29, 
1917,  with  special  recommendation  to  the  War  Department.  He 
sailed  overseas  Oct.  13,  1917,  and  trained  at  Issoudun,  France. 
After  four  months  he  was  transferred  to  Foggia,  Italy,  where  he 
was  one  of  the  first  detachment  of  American  Aviators  to  train  with 
Italian  officers.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  May  18,  1918,  and 
returned  to  Issoudun  for  further  training.  Later  he  was  sent  to 
St.-Jean-des-Monts  for  aerial  gunnery  instruction,  and  it  was  there 
that  he  was  killed  in  an  airplane  accident,  on  Oct.  26,  1918.  He  was 
buried  in  the  French  Military  Cemetery  at  St.-Jean-des-Monts, 
Vendee,  France. 

The  following  extract  is  from  a letter  written  by  Lieut.  Pishon, 
and  found  with  his  papers  after  his  death: 

What  little  I have  to  give  to  my  country  I give  without  reservation.  If 
there  ever  was  a righteous  cause  it  is  ours,  and  I am  proud  to  have  worked 
and  died  for  it.  Pray  God  this  war  will  be  over  soon  and  that  it  will  be  the 
last  war.  I leave  you  with  a smile  on  my  lips  and  a heart  full  of  love  for 
you  all.  God  bless  you  and  keep  you. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Emmet  Pishon,  1st  Lieut.,  U.S.  Infantry. 

[ 134  ] 


* EDWARD  RALPH  KENNESON 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Commander,  Ninth  Aero 

Squadron 

Died  of  pneumonia , Jan.  9,  1919 

Son  of  Edward  S.  and  Esther  (Martin)  Kenneson,  of  Arlington 
Heights,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Somerville,  Mass.,  Nov.  4,  1895.  He 
attended  the  Somerville  High  School,  graduating  in  1913. 

In  Oct.,  1916,  he  entered  the  School  of  Aeronautics,  at  Newport 
News,  Va.,  and  was  given  a Pilot’s  license,  Dec.  2,  1916.  On  Dec. 
18  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  (Regular)  Army,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va., 
where  he  continued  his  studies  until  graduation.  On  April  4,  1917, 
he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.,  Signal  Officers’  Reserve 
Corps,  and  was  transferred  to  Princeton,  N.J.,  as  Instructor  of 
Aeronautics.  In  July,  1917,  he  was  sent  to  Kelly  Field,  San  An- 
tonio, Tex.,  where  he  received  overseas  orders,  sailing  Aug.  22, 
1917,  in  command  of  the  36th  Aero  Squadron.  He  was  retained  as 
Instructor  at  the  3d  A.I.C.,  Issoudun,  France,  for  over  a year. 

In  the  spring  of  1918  he  applied  to  go  to  the  front,  and  after 
some  advanced  training  in  bombing  he  was  assigned  to  the  91st 
Squadron  as  an  observer.  On  Sept.  2,  1918,  he  was  transferred  to 
the  9th  Squadron,  and  on  Sept.  30  was  appointed  Commander. 
He  saw  active  service  at  the  front  from  Oct.  1 to  the  signing  of 
the  Armistice,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  Army  of  Occupation. 
On  Jan.  9,  1919,  he  died  of  broncho-pneumonia  and  was  buried  at 
Suresnes,  France. 

Lieut.  C.  E.  Kennedy  of  the  9th  Squadron  wrote  of  him: 

Lieut.  Kenneson  joined  our  Squadron  about  the  middle  of  Sept.,  when 
we  were  at  Amanty,  France.  It  was  about  the  time  of  the  St.-Mihiel  drive, 
and  your  son  accomplished  several  successful  missions  over  the  lines  at 
night,  bringing  back  very  important  and  valuable  information. 

He  was  an  excellent  pilot,  capable  and  courageous.  He  had  more  hours 
in  the  air  than  any  other  man  in  the  Escadrille;  I believe  his  flying  time 
totalled  more  than  one  thousand  hours.  All  our  observers  had  absolute 
confidence  in  his  ability  and  never  had  hesitancy  in  starting  out  on  a 
mission  with  him.  A splendid  pilot,  he  was  equally  as  capable  as  a soldier. 
He  was  devoted  to  his  duty,  performing  all  his  military  offices  with  qual- 
ities of  unusual  judgment  and  fairness. 

Lieut.  Kenneson  was  recommended  for  promotion  to  a Captaincy. 

Married,  June  14,  1917,  Mary  Aileen  Cubberly,  of  Trenton,  N.J. 

[ 136  1 


* WILLIAM  F.  HERRICK 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  Sept.  16,  1918 

Son  of  William  B.  and  Lucy  A.  (Fisk)  Herrick;  was  born  at  Natick, 
Mass.,  July  31,  1890.  He  graduated  from  the  Newton  High  School 
in  1906,  and  spent  one  year  at  M.I.T.  He  went  abroad  for  one  year 
as  private  tutor,  and  after  his  return  was  engaged  in  business  up 
to  the  time  of  his  enlistment,  in  June,  1917. 

He  attended  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  and  upon  the  com- 
pletion of  his  course  was  sent  overseas  to  France.  He  was  trans- 
ferred to  Foggia,  Italy,  where  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in 
May,  1918.  He  was  then  given  the  option  of  service  in  the  bomb- 
ing-planes at  the  Italian  front,  or  of  returning  to  France  to  qualify 
as  a fighting  pilot.  He  chose  the  latter  course,  and  was  nearly 
ready  to  go  to  the  front  when  the  fatal  accident  occurred  at 
Issoudun. 

The  following  extract  is  from  a letter  received  by  the  father  of 
Lieut.  Herrick  from  a Red  Cross  representative: 

Lieut.  Herrick  was  engaged  with  a number  of  other  aviators  in  mass- 
formation  practice  on  Field  7.  At  a certain  signal  he  and  Lieut.  Sylvester 
B.  Moore  were  to  pass  each  other,  one  flying  up  and  the  other  down. 
Through  some  misunderstanding  both  aviators  ascended.  The  result  was 
a collision;  the  airplanes  were  smashed  and  the  men  fell,  being  instantly 
killed.  ...  I was  talking  with  some  of  the  men  about  Lieut.  Herrick,  and 
it  would  be  a satisfaction  to  you  to  know  with  how  much  affection  and 
admiration  they  spoke  of  him.  They  said  he  was  always  full  of  fun  and 
helped  to  keep  them  all  in  good  spirits.  He  was  considered  an  unusually 
good  flyer.  You  may  rest  assured  it  was  no  fault  of  his  own  that  caused 
his  death,  but  an  accident  coming  in  the  regular  performance  of  duty. 

Lieut.  Herrick  was  buried  with  military  honors  at  cemetery 
No.  32,  about  seven  miles  from  Issoudun,  France. 


[ 138  ] 


* ELWIN  F.  CHAPMAN 

Cadet,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  June  3,  1918 

Son  of  George  F.  and  Eliza  M.  (Capen)  Chapman,  of  Canton, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Evanston,  Wyoming,  July  3,  1891.  At  an  early 
age  he  moved  with  his  family  to  Jamaica  Plain,  Mass.,  where 
he  attended  school.  In  1906  he  entered  Bordentown  Military 
Academy,  at  Bordentown,  N.J.,  graduating  in  1910.  He  was  re- 
garded as  one  of  the  finest  athletes  that  this  school  had  ever  pro- 
duced, and  while  there  he  was  captain  of  the  baseball  team,  and 
in  his  senior  year  captain  of  the  football  team;  also  a member  of 
the  basket-ball  team.  In  the  fall  of  1910  he  entered  the  University 
of  California,  graduating  in  1914;  there  he  was  one  of  the  leading 
athletes;  he  was  pitcher  on  the  ’Varsity  baseball  team,  and  member 
of  the  Theta  Delta  Chi  fraternity,  the  Wolf’s  Head  Club,  and  the 
Gun  Club. 

He  enlisted  at  Brookline,  Mass.,  in  Nov.,  1917,  and  in  Feb.,  1918, 
entered  the  School  of  Military  Aeronautics,  at  Princeton,  N.J., 
where,  in  a class  of  ninety,  he  was  one  of  nineteen  to  successfully 
complete  the  course.  He  was  then  ordered  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas, 
Tex.,  in  April,  1918.  During  the  drive  for  the  Third  Liberty  Loan 
he  was  chosen  as  the  speaker  to  represent  his  Squadron  in  that 
part  of  Texas.  About  the  middle  of  May,  1918,  he  was  sent  to 
Rockwell  Field,  San  Diego,  Cal.,  where  he  was  killed  in  an  aero- 
plane collision  on  June  3,  1918.  He  was  buried  at  Canton  Junction, 
Mass. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

George  H.  Chapman,  1st  Lieut.,  U.S.A. , 15th  Aero  Construc- 
tion Co. 


[ 140  ] 


* ROGER  S.  DIX,  Jr. 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident , May  15,  1918 

Son  of  Roger  S.  and  Louise  (Parrish)  Dix;  was  born  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  Dee.  9,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Country  Day  School, 
and  at  Harvard  College,  entering  with  the  class  of  1918.  He  left 
Harvard  at  the  end  of  his  junior  year,  and  attended  the  Platts- 
burg  Training  Camp,  in  1915,  and  again  in  1916.  He  served  with 
the  American  Ambulance  Field  Service,  Section  1,  at  Verdun,  in 
1917,  at  which  time  his  section  received  a Citation  Militaire.  In 
Nov.,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  France,  in  the  U.S.  Air  Service,  but  was 
forced  to  remain  inactive  during  the  winter,  owing  to  lack  of 
planes.  In  the  spring  of  1918  he  was  one  of  twenty-five  to  vol- 
unteer for  instruction  as  bombing  observers  in  the  French  Bomb- 
ing School  at  Le  Crotoy,  Somme,  France,  with  the  understanding 
that  they  should  be  sent  at  once  to  the  front  for  the  spring  offen- 
sive. He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  May  12,  1918. 

Lieut.  Dix  had  completed  his  course,  and  was  to  leave  that 
week  for  the  front,  when  he  was  killed  in  an  airplane  accident  at 
Le  Crotoy  on  May  15,  1918.  He  fell  from  a height  of  200  metres, 
and  his  French  pilot  was  also  killed.  He  was  buried  with  military 
honors  at  Le  Crotoy. 

A letter  signed  by  the  twenty-four  comrades  of  his  flying  de- 
tachment which  was  sent  his  parents,  states : 

Cadet  Dix  was  easily  the  most  popular  member  of  this  detachment.  He 
was  a loyal,  gallant  soldier,  an  assiduous  student,  an  excellent  airman  and 
a splendid  companion.  Every  man  counted  him  his  friend  and  he  had 
never  failed  us.  His  fearlessness,  his  coolness  and  his  intrepidity  had  made 
it  a foregone  conclusion  that  his  career  in  his  chosen  Service  would  have 
been  brilliantly  distinguished,  and  his  tragic  death  is  a double  loss  to  us 
and  the  Army  because  he  was  the  possessor  of  such  splendid  qualities. 

The  letter  from  which  the  above  is  quoted  was  also  signed  by 
Lieut.  Dix’s  Commanding  Officer,  who  adds: 

I found  him  to  be  a most  excellent  soldier  both  on  the  ground  and  in  the 
air.  He  was  on  his  last  training  flight  and  was  to  have  received  the  highest 
honors  of  any  of  my  command  for  his  work  here.  He  died  while  doing 
work  in  the  air  and  while  holding  the  position  of  the  first  in  his  class.  More 
glory  than  this  no  man  can  claim  for  his  son. 


[ 142  ] 


* EDWIN  ARNOLD  BROWN 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Aerial  Gunnery  School 
for  Bombers 
Died,  Nov.  1,  1918 

Son  of  Allan  and  Minnie  (Arnold)  Brown;  was  born  Feb.  19,  1893, 
at  Salem,  Mass.  He  was  educated  in  the  Salem  and  Boston  public 
schools;  and  at  the  Mechanic  Arts  High  School  in  Boston,  where 
he  was  a member  of  the  baseball,  football,  and  basket-ball  teams. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service  on  Dec.  15,  1917,  and  was 
sent  for  training  to  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.;  then  to  Georgia 
Technology,  at  Atlanta;  Ellington  Field,  Houston  Tex.;  and  to 
San  Leon,  Houston,  Tex.;  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  on 
April  19,  1918;  received  his  sailing  orders  for  overseas,  but  died  in 
Boston  on  Nov.  1,  1918,  twenty -four  hours  before  the  date  set  for 
sailing.  He  was  buried  in  Salem,  Mass.  Lieut.  Brown  invented 
and  perfected  a more  efficient  system  of  sighting  machine  guns; 
and  wrote  a book  upon  aerial  gunnery  which  is  accepted  by  the 
War  Department  as  an  authority  upon  the  subject.  (Portrait  on 
opposite  page.) 

ROGER  THAYER  TWITCHELL 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Dr.  Edward  Thayer  and  Elizabeth  F.  (Schuster)  Twitchell ; 
was  born  in  Dorchester,  Mass.,  Feb.  10,  1895.  He  was  educated  at 
Milton  Academy,  and  at  Harvard  University,  A.B.  1916.  He 
was  a member  of  the  track  and  cross-country  teams  at  college.  He 
served  nine  months  in  France  as  an  ambulance  driver,  in  Section  4, 
American  Ambulance  Field  Service,  on  the  western  front,  from 
Sept.,  1916,  to  June,  1917.  In  Dec.,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Air 
Service,  at  Boston,  Mass.,  and  trained  at  the  U.S.  Army  School  of 
Military  Aeronautics,  at  Cornell  University;  at  Camp  Dick, 
Dallas,  Tex.,  and  subsequently  at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex., 
at  which  station  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  Aug.  23, 
1918.  He  was  then  stationed  at  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton, 
Ohio,  and  later  at  Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss.  In  Jan.,  1919, 
he  resigned  his  commission  and  was  released  from  service  at  Payne 
Field,  West  Point. 


[ 144  ] 


* JOHN  S.  PFAFFMANN 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  July  22,  1918 

Son  of  George  Eaton  and  Mabel  Abigail  (Shaw)  Pfaffmann;  was 
born  at  Quincy,  Mass.,  April  27,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Quincy  High  School,  at  Phillips  Andover  Academy,  and  at  Har- 
vard College  He  was  a remarkably  fine  tennis  player,  and  belonged 
to  the  Harvard  tennis  team  in  1916  and  1917,  and  was  elected 
captain  in  1917. 

He  sailed  for  France  in  April,  1917,  with  the  Norton-Harjes 
Ambulance  Unit,  and  served  on  the  Aisne,  and  about  Reims  dur- 
ing July,  Aug.,  Sept.,  1917.  In  Oct.,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S. 
Air  Service  in  Paris,  and  was  assigned  to  Tours,  where  he  remained 
through  Nov.  and  Dec.  He  continued  his  training  at  St.-Maixent 
from  Jan.  to  May,  1918,  and  was  transferred  to  Voves  on  June  1. 
He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  June,  1918.  On  July  22  he  was 
killed  at  Voves  in  an  airplane  accident,  when  returning  from  an  alti- 
tude flight  of  one  hour  at  6000  feet,  which  would  have  given  him 
his  military  brevet  as  Pilot.  Watched  by  his  chief  and  an  instructor, 
he  descended  to  a height  of  about  200  feet,  and  banked  his  plane 
to  come  into  the  wind,  and  land.  The  lower  wing  of  the  plane  was 
caught  in  an  air-pocket  at  the  same  instant  that  a counter-current 
hit  the  upper  wing;  he  crashed,  and  was  instantly  killed. 

An  impressive  military  funeral  was  held  at  Voves,  attended  by 
the  officers  and  cadets  of  the  Voves  Flying  School,  veterans  of  the 
War  of  1870,  the  Mayor  of  Voves,  and  many  villagers  and  chil- 
dren. At  the  end  of  the  services  Lieut.  Mayeur,  of  Headquarters 
Staff,  stepped  forward  and  said: 

Among  the  first  Americans  to  come  to  combat  the  invader  upon  the  soil 
of  France,  John  Pfaffmann  entered  the  Ambulance  Service  and  distin- 
guished himself  at  the  front  by  his  unflagging  energy  and  his  high  com- 
prehension of  military  duty.  His  desire  to  do  more  and  yet  more  for  his 
country  and  for  France  soon  led  him,  however,  to  seek  a transfer  to  the 
Aviation  Service.  . . . May  the  remembrance  of  his  glorious  death  upon 
the  field  of  honor  be,  in  some  small  degree  at  least,  an  alleviation  of  the 
sorrow  of  his  family,  and  of  all  those  who  have  known  and  loved  him. 


[ 146  ] 


WILLIAM  GRAVES  PERRY 

Captain,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Headquarters  Air  Service,  First  Army 

Son  of  Charles  French  and  Georgianna  West  (Graves)  Perry;  was 
born  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Nov.  8,  1883.  He  was  educated  at  the  Noble 
and  Greenough  School;  and  at  Harvard  College,  A.B.  1905;  M.I.T., 
S.B.  1917,  and  Ecole  des  Beaux  Arts,  Paris,  1913. 

He  attended  the  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  in  Aug. 
1916;  served  as  Capt.,  Co.  M,  13th  Reg’t.,  Mass.  State  Guard. 
He  enlisted  Nov.  1,  1917,  and  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut., 
A.S.S.C.,  reported  for  duty  at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  Nov. 
11,  1917,  and  was  put  in  command  of  the  65th  (later  477th)  Aero 
Squadron. 

He  sailed  overseas  March  4,  1918,  and  was  commissioned  Capt., 
A.S.C.,  Aug.  1,  1918.  He  was  appointed  Equipment  Officer  Air 
Service,  1st  Army,  Oct.  14,  1918,  and  was  stationed  at  Souilly 
from  Oct.  14  until  Dec.  24,  1918.  From  Nov.  21  to  24  he  was 
attached  for  temporary  duty  to  the  3d  Army,  to  receive  airplane 
and  other  Air  Service  material  from  the  enemy.  Capt.  Perry 
participated  in  frequent  flights  and  trips  to  the  lines  during  the 
Argonne  battle,  for  the  purpose  of  choosing  and  preparing  airdromes 
and  advanced  landing  places  for  the  Air  Service  of  the  1st  Army. 

He  was  honorably  discharged  May  31,  1919. 

Cited  in  General  Orders  as  follows: 

Captain  William  G.  Perry,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  organized  and  commanded 
the  477th  Aero  Construction  Squadron  which  made  such  an  enviable 
record  for  itself.  Under  his  direction  it  built  airdromes  at  Autreville, 
Amanty,  Bicqueley,  and  St.-Mihiel.  At  Bicqueley,  by  superb  organization 
and  morale,  he  was  able  to  build  the  field  in  ten  days.  At  these  Head- 
quarters, as  Equipment  Officer  during  the  latter  part  of  the  operations 
west  of  the  Meuse,  he  successfully  and  with  great  tact  handled  the  very 
difficult  proposition  of  obtaining,  and  allocating  to  the  units  of  this  com- 
mand, Air  Service  material,  transportation,  and  equipment  of  all  kinds. 

His  extreme  conscientiousness  was  an  example  which  all  may  well 
emulate. 

By  order  of  Col.  Milling 

Married,  Aug.  6,  1908,  Eleanor  Gray. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Edward  Hale  Perry,  1st  Lieut.,  Co.  D,  6th  Engineers.  Killed 
in  action  at  Warfusee,  France,  March  30,  1918.  Cited  for 
bravery  in  action. 


[ 148  ] 


JOHN  ROGERS  HURLBURT 


Captain,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Sixty-Third  Aero 
Squadron,  Second  Day  Bombardment  Group 

Son  of  Henry  F.  and  Fannie  E.  (Thompson)  Hurlburt,  of  Boston, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Lynn,  Mass.,  Nov.  8,  1893.  He  was  educated  at 
St.  PauPs  School,  Concord,  N.H.,  and  at  Harvard  College,  A.B. 
1916.  At  St.  PauPs  he  was  captain  of  the  track  team,  and  member 
of  the  Lower  School  hockey  and  football  teams. 

He  sailed  for  France,  April  28,  1917,  with  the  American  Am- 
bulance Field  Service,  with  which  he  served  until  Sept.  18,  1917, 
when  he  enlisted  as  private  in  the  U.S.A.,  and  trained  for  the  Avi- 
ation Service  at  Tours,  France.  On  Jan.  17,  1918,  he  was  com- 
missioned 1st  Lieut.,  and  arrived  at  the  front  in  June,  1918,  as 
Adjutant  of  5th  Air  Depot.  He  was  transferred  to  the  163d  Aero 
Squadron,  2d  Day  Bombardment  Group,  with  which  he  served 
until  April,  1919,  when  he  was  appointed  Aide  to  Gen.  Patrick. 
On  May  30,  1919,  he  was  commissioned  Capt.,  and  left  France  to 
return  to  the  U.S.  on  Aug.  18,  1919.  He  was  honorably  discharged 
on  Sept.  12,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Paul  Hurlburt,  Capt.,  U.S.A.,  3d  Cavalry. 


[ 150  ] 


AUGUSTUS  PAGE  FARNSWORTH 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Adjutant,  Six  Hundred 
Forty-Fourth  Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Harrie  Clifford  and  Florence  (Gordon)  Farnsworth;  was 
born  at  Hyde  Park,  Mass.,  on  March  15,  1895.  He  was  educated 
in  the  Hyde  Park  public  schools  and  at  Worcester  Academy,  Wor- 
cester, Mass.  He  graduated  from  the  M.I.T.  in  1917.  In  his  fresh- 
man and  sophomore  years  he  played  quarter-back  on  the  M.I.T. 
football  team,  and  was  captain  of  the  football  team  in  his  fresh- 
man year. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  on  Aug.  11,  1917,  in  Boston,  Mass., 
and  was  assigned  to  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.  On  Dec.  3 he  was 
sent  to  Waco,  Tex.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  March  6,  1918, 
and  was  ordered  to  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La.,  for  training 
as  a Pursuit  Pilot.  Subsequently  he  was  sent  to  the  Gunnery 
School  at  Taliaferro  Field,  Hicks,  Tex.,  from  which  he  graduated 
on  June  29,  he  was  then  made  Gunnery  Instructor.  Late  in  Aug., 
Lieut.  Farnsworth  received  overseas  orders;  he  reported  at  Ho- 
boken, and  on  Sept.  4 sailed  for  Scotland.  He  went  to  Paris  by 
way  of  Glasgow  and  London,  reporting  for  duty  on  Oct.  5.  He  was 
immediately  assigned  to  the  3d  A.I.C.  at  Issoudun,  where  he 
qualified  as  Pursuit  Pilot  on  Nov.  9,  and  was  made  Instructor  in 
Combat  on  Nov.  11,  1918. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Charles  Luke  Farnsworth,  Quartermaster,  1st  Class,  U.S.N. 


[ 152  ] 


GODFREY  LOWELL  CABOT 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Aviation  Aide,  First  Naval  District 

Son  of  Samuel  and  Hannah  Lowell  (Jackson)  Cabot;  was  born  at 
Boston,  Mass.,  Feb.  26,  1861.  He  was  educated  at  the  Brimmer, 
Latin,  and  Ilopkinson  schools,  Boston;  M.I.T.,  one  year;  Harvard 
College,  four  years;  Polytechnic,  Zurich,  and  University  of  Zurich. 
He  took  final  honors  ( magna  cum  laude)  in  chemistry  at  Harvard. 
At  college  he  took  one  prize  in  a wrestling  match,  and  won  many 
prizes  at  tennis. 

He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  A.D.C.,  M.V.M.,  on  June  26, 

1916.  On  March  20,  1917,  he  was  commissioned  Lieut.,  U.S.N.R.F., 
at  Cambridge,  Mass.  He  practised  flying  at  Marblehead,  May  to 
Dec.,  1915;  trained  at  Pensacola,  Fla.,  in  April,  1916;  Marblehead, 
May  to  Dec.,  1916;  Pensacola,  Jan.,  1917;  Salem  Harbor,  April, 

1917.  He  first  flew  as  a pilot  on  April  12,  1917.  For  over  two  years 
he  was  on  active  duty,  serving  from  March  20,  1917,  to  the  spring 
of  1919.  He  originated  and  practised  the  art  of  picking  up  burdens 
in  flight,  reaching  155  kilometres  on  Oct.  3,  1919. 

Married,  June  23,  1890,  Maria  Moors,  of  Boston. 

Sons  in  Service  — 

James  Jackson  Cabot,  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Thomas  Dudley  Cabot,  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Instructor  at 
Kelly  Field,  Tex. 


[ 154  ] 


JAMES  JACKSON  CABOT 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Eighty-Second 
and  Eighty-Eighth  Squadrons 

Son  of  Lieut.  Godfrey  Lowell  and  Maria  (Moors)  Cabot;  was  born 
at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  Sept.  24,  1891.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Browne  and  Nichols  Schooi,  Cambridge,  and  at  Harvard  College, 
class  of  1913.  He  also  took  extra  courses  at  M.I.T. 

Previous  to  enlistment  he  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training 
Camp  for  two  summers,  qualifying  as  a sharpshooter.  He  enlisted 
on  Sept.  29,  1917,  and  trained  at  the  Curtiss  School  in  Buffalo, 
N.Y.,  at  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  and  at  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  He  was 
commissioned  1st  Lieut,  in  Jan.,  1918.  He  sailed  overseas  in  May, 

1918,  and  was  first  attached  to  Squadron  182;  afterwards  to 
Squadron  88.  He  piloted  a number  of  aeroplanes  from  England  to 
France,  making  his  headquarters  at  different  aerodromes  in  Eng- 
land. Six  weeks  before  the  Armistice  was  signed  he  flew  about 
Verdun  and  Sedan.  He  sailed  for  America  the  last  of  Dec.,  1918, 
and  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  in  April, 

1919. 

Married,  May  10,  1919,  Catharine  Rush,  daughter  of  Com- 
mandant Rush,  of  the  Navy  Yard,  Boston. 

Father  in  Service  — 

Godfrey  Lowell  Cabot,  Lieut.,  Aviation  Aide,  First  Naval 
District. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Thomas  Dudley  Cabot,  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 


[ 156  ] 


THOMAS  DUDLEY  CABOT 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Instructor  at  Kelly  Field 

Texas 

Son  of  Lieut.  Godfrey  Lowell  and  Maria  (Moors)  Cabot;  was  born  at 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  on  May  1, 1898.  He  was  educated  at  the  Browne 
and  Nichols  School,  Evans  School,  Arizona,  and  at  Harvard  Col- 
lege, class  of  1919. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  the  summer  of 
1916  (sharpshooter),  and  trained  with  the  Harvard  Regiment.  He 
took  a course  in  aeronautics  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  and 
trained  as  a flyer  at  the  Curtiss  School,  Buffalo,  N.Y.  On  Aug.  27, 
1917,  he  enlisted  as  a private,  1st  class,  A.S.,  S.E.R.C.,  at  Ithaca, 
N.Y.  He  trained  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School  during  Oct.  and 
Nov.,  1917;  was  sent  to  Kelly  Field,  Tex.,  on  Dec.  1,  1917,  where 
he  was  attached  to  the  cadet  wing  for  further  training  as  a flyer. 
He  passed  the  R.M.A.  tests  on  Jan.  17,  and  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  A.S.S.R.C.,  Jan.  31,  1918.  He  was  in  charge  of  officers’ 
barracks  during  Feb.,  March,  and  April;  and  at  the  Instructors’ 
School  in  May,  where  he  acted  as  Flying  Instructor  from  June  to 
Oct.;  he  was  sent  to  Miami,  Fla.,  in  Nov.,  where  he  trained  as  a 
pilot  for  flying-boats,  and  as  coast  patrol  pilot.  He  was  sent  to 
Arcadia,  Fla.,  and  honorably  discharged,  at  Carlstrom  Field,  on 
Dec.  14,  1918. 

Father  in  Service  — 

Godfrey  Lowell  Cabot,  Lieut.,  Aviation  Aide,  First  Naval 
District. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

James  Jackson  Cabot,  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 


[ 158  ] 


* OllLANDO  MERRITT  LORD 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident , June  24,  1918 

Son  of  John  L.  and  Susan  A.  Lord,  of  Rutherford,  N.J.;  was  born 
at  South  Boston,  Mass.,  Nov.  9,  1890.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  South  Boston,  and  at  Cutter’s  Business  School. 
He  was  prominent  in  athletics  and  played  quarter-back  on  his 
high  school  football  team.  On  leaving  school  he  engaged  in  busi- 
ness, and  relinquished  a good  position  to  enter  the  Aviation  Service. 

He  enlisted  on  Oct.  1,  1917,  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  attended 
the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.  (Squadron  A).  On  Jan.  7,  1918,  he  was 
sent  to  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  where  he  remained  until 
May  2,  when  he  was  sent  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.  He  was 
transferred,  on  May  29,  1918,  to  Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss., 
where  he  became  Instructor  in  Aviation  Acrobatics.  He  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  April  20,  1918. 

On  June  25,  1918,  Lieut.  Lord  was  instructing  a pupil,  who  was 
directing  the  plane,  when  the  machine  went  into  an  accidental 
tail-spin,  and  before  the  Instructor  could  obtain  control  of  the 
plane  from  the  pupil,  it  had  dashed  to  the  ground,  killing  Lieut. 
Lord,  and  severely  injuring  his  companion. 

Lieut.  Lord  was  buried  at  Pine  Grove  Cemetery,  Lynn,  Mass. 
As  his  body  was  carried  aboard  the  train  at  West  Point,  eight  avi- 
ators flew  overhead,  in  the  form  of  a cross,  and  dropped  flowers  on 
the  casket.  Lieut.  Lord  was  exceedingly  popular  with  his  associates, 
and  after  his  death  they  presented  his  family  with  a loving-cup, 
inscribed:  “From  his  comrades  who  esteemed  him  as  a soldier, 
and  loved  him  as  a friend.” 

Lieut.  Lord  was  one  of  four  aviators  chosen  to  make  long  trips 
on  behalf  of  the  Liberty  Loan  drives,  bombing  different  cities  with 
Liberty  Loan  literature.  Of  this  group  he  was  the  only  one  to  re- 
turn without  accident  to  either  his  plane  or  himself,  and  was  of- 
ficially complimented  on  his  flying.  It  was  his  one  ambition  to  get 
across  seas  and  engage  in  active  scout  work  at  the  front. 

Grandfather  in  Service  — 

In  Civil  War.  Lost  an  arm  at  battle  of  Bull  Run. 


[ 160  ] 


CARLETON  SPRAGUE  AYER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Twenty-Fifth  Squadron 

Son  of  Silas  II.  and  Juliette  Butterfield  (Davis)  Ayer;  was  born  at 
Boston,  Mass.,  on  April  13,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  the  Boston 
Latin  and  De  Merritt  schools,  and  at  M.I.T.,  where  he  was  a 
member  of  Sigma  Chi  Fraternity.  He  rowed  on  the  Boston  Latin 
School  crew  in  1911;  and  on  July  4 of  that  year  received  a gold 
medal,  presented  by  the  City  of  Boston,  as  stroke  of  the  winning 
crew  in  the  intermediate  eight-oar  shell  race,  Charles  River  Basin. 

He  enlisted  at  Youngstown,  Ohio,  in  the  Regular  Army,  on 
Sept.  19,  1917,  and  served  one  month  at  Camp  Sherman,  Chilli- 
cothe,  Ohio.  He  received  honorable  discharge,  to  enter  the  Aviation 
Service.  On  Jan.  12,  1918,  he  graduated  from  the  U.S.  School  of 
Military  Aeronautics,  Ohio  State  University,  Columbus.  He  then 
trained  at  Call  Field,  Wichita  Falls,  Tex.,  and  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  Aviation  Section,  Signal  Reserve  Corps,  on  May  10, 1918. 

On  May  22,  1918,  Lieut.  Ayer  was  assigned  to  active  duty  at 
Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.;  he  was  transferred  on  June  29,  1918,  to 
Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  where  he  completed  his  work  and 
was  ready  for  overseas  duty.  He  was  honorably  discharged  from  the 
Service  in  Jan.,  1919. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Nathaniel  D.  Ayer,  Lieut.,  A.D.C.,  4th  Division,  Canadian 
B.E.F. 

Silas  H.  Ayer,  Jr.,  Bandmaster,  U.S.N.R.F. 


[ 162  ] 


JAMES  GIIEENLEAF  ADAMS 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Thirty-Eighth 
Aero  Squadron,  Fifth  Pursuit  Group 

Son  of  James  M.  and  Maria  (Dame)  Adams,  of  East  Lake,  Fla.; 
was  born  at  Nashua,  N.H.,  March  24,  1892.  He  was  educated  at 
the  Hackensack,  N.J.,  High  School,  class  of  1909. 

In  Jan.,  1917,  he  volunteered  for  the  American  Ambulance  Field 
Service  in  France,  with  Section  8,  and  served  for  six  months  under 
Major  A.  Piatt  Andrew.  In  Aug.,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Air 
Service,  in  France.  He  trained  at  Tours  and  Issoudun,  receiving  a 
Pilot’s  license  at  Tours,  and  training  in  acrobacy  at  Issoudun.  He 
was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  in  Nov.,  1917,  and  has  a record  of 
some  800  flights  since  then. 

When  the  Armistice  was  signed,  Lieut.  Adams  was  flying  near 
the  Toul  front,  piloting  observation  planes  of  many  types.  In  June, 
1919,  he  was  still  in  service  with  the  Army  of  Occupation. 

In  a letter  dated  April  21,  1919,  Lieut.  Adams  writes: 

Just  a word  saying  we  are  here  on  the  Rhine.  We’ve  all  got  here  now 
and  are  comfortably  settled  at  our  field  near  a big  German  fort,  half  a 
mile  from  Coblenz.  I flew  up  here  in  my  Spad  alone  with  my  map  and 
compass.  Crossed  No  Man’s  Land,  with  its  miles  of  old  trenches,  near 
St.-Mihiel,  and  followed  them  to  Pont-a-Mousson  on  the  Moselle  River. 
Then  went  right  up  the  river  at  about  1000  feet  altitude  to  Metz  and  its 
circle  of  unconquerable  forts.  Then,  after  about  ninety  minutes  of  flying, 
got  to  Treves  (Trier),  where  I landed  for  gas  and  oil  at  a U.S.  field,  for- 
merly a Zeppelin  base,  with  a huge  hangar,  big  enough  for  one  hundred 
aeroplanes.  . . . Started  off  again  at  3 p.m.  up  the  Moselle.  A wonderful 
valley,  but  its  huge  hills,  canyons,  and  mountains  made  it  dangerous  fly- 
ing. But  the  day  was  perfect  and  my  motor,  too,  and  I had  no  trouble  at 
all.  Passed  over  many  world-famous  Rhine  castles  and  hundreds  of  towns 
along  the  river.  A really  great  experience!  Landed  at  Coblenz  O.K.,  an 
hour  later,  where  the  Rhine  and  Moselle  join,  as  you  can  see  on  a map. 
Right  in  the  heart  of  Prussia,  and  Germans  all  about  us,  civilians,  chil- 
dren, and  militaries.  Seems  a different  world,  and  impossible  for  a city 
like  this  to  be  absolutely  dominated  by  an  army  of  khaki ! 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Leon  M.  Adams,  2d  Class  Seaman,  U.S.N. 

Lincoln  D.  Adams,  2d  Class  Seaman,  U.S.N. 

Grandfather  in  Service  — 

James  P.  Adams,  Private,  7th  Reg’t,  N.H.  Volunteers,  Civil 
War.  Died  in  Service. 


[ 164  ] 


JOHN  F.  McNAMARA 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Eugene  T.  and  Mary  Agnes  (McCarthy)  McNamara,  of 
Arlington,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Somerville,  Mass.,  April  3,  1898. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Cambridge  High  and  Latin  Schools,  and 
at  Boston  College.  He  entered  Service  at  end  of  freshman  year. 

He  enlisted  on  April  28,  1917,  at  Boston,  and  was  sent  to  Pen- 
sacola, Fla.,  for  training.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign  Dec.  21, 
1917,  sailed  overseas  in  Jan.,  1918,  and  was  stationed  for  three 
months  at  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Station  at  Portland,  Eng.  While 
operating  there,  on  scout  duty,  he  bombed  and  sunk  a submarine, 
being  the  first  American  naval  aviator  to  accomplish  this  feat.  He 
was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.),  April  1 1918.  He  was  transferred 
to  the  Royal  Air  Station  at  Felixstowe,  Eng.,  where  he  remained 
until  Aug.,  when  he  was  attached  to  the  U.S.  Air  Station,  at  Kill- 
ingholme;  subsequently  he  was  ordered  to  the  U.S.  Air  Station  at 
Wexford,  Ireland,  in  command  of  a squadron  of  eight  seaplanes. 
On  Oct.  1,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  Lieut. 

He  was  placed  on  inactive  duty  at  Bay  Shore,  N.Y.,  Jan.  15,  1919. 

Married,  Oct.  8,  1919,  Florence  E.  Riordan. 

To  Ensign  John  F.  McNamara: 

The  Department  quotes  below  for  your  information  the  report  of  Vice- 
Admiral  Sims  relative  to  your  apparently  successful  operations  while 
out  on  scout  duty  against  enemy  submarines,  on  March  25,  1918,  under 
orders  from  the  Commanding  Officer  of  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Station, 
Portland,  England,  whose  report  was  forwarded  by  Vice-Admiral  Sims: 
“The  attached  correspondence  relative  to  the  performance  of  duty  of 

Ensigns and  John  F.  McNamara,  U.S.N.R.F.,  reflects  credit  upon 

both  those  officers.  It  is  recommended  that  adequate  recognition  of  their 
services  be  granted.” 

The  Department  wishes  to  avail  itself  of  this  opportunity  to  express  to 
you  the  very  high  appreciation  felt  upon  receipt  of  reports  similar  to  the 
above.  It  is  strong  evidence  of  the  fact  that  earnest  cooperation  exists 
between  the  Armed  Forces  of  our  Allies  and  the  United  States  Armed 
Forces.  It  is  work  of  this  character  that  will  impress  our  enemies  with  the 
realization  that  the  United  States  is  a power  very  much  to  be  considered. 

Accordingly,  you  are  hereby  highly  commended  for  your  valiant  and 
earnest  efforts  on  this  particular  occasion  when  your  attack  on  the  enemy 
submarine  apparently  caused  some  damage.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  a con- 
tinuance of  such  work  will  be  maintained  in  the  future. 

Josephus  Daniels 


[ 166  ] 


THEODORE  WILLIAM  KOCH 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  C.O.  Three  Hundred 
Seventy-Second  Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Theodore  F.  and  Clara  D.  Koch;  was  horn  at  St.  Paul, 
Minn.,  Aug.  20,  1891.  He  graduated  from  the  St.  Paul  High  School, 
and  went  to  the  University  of  Minnesota  for  one  year.  He  trans- 
ferred to  Harvard  College  in  1910,  and  received  his  degree  in  1914. 
In  the  meantime  his  parents  moved  to  Houston,  Tex.,  where  after 
his  graduation  Lieut.  Koch  entered  business  with  his  father.  He 
enlisted  in  the  Ground  Officers’  Training  School,  at  Kelly  Field, 
Tex.,  in  July,  1917.  He  received  his  commission  as  1st  Lieut.,  and 
was  sent  to  instruct  in  the  Wilbur  Wright  School  of  Administra- 
tion at  Dayton,  Ohio. 

On  March  7,  1918,  he  sailed  for  England  with  the  47th  Aero 
Squadron,  and  was  stationed  at  Cramlington.  Later  he  was  as- 
signed as  Commanding  Officer  to  the  372d  Aero  Squadron  sta- 
tioned at  Hendon.  On  Oct.  2,  1918,  the  Squadron  was  mobilized 
at  St.-Maixent,  France,  and  fully  equipped  for  service  at  the  front. 
Then  it  was  sent  to  the  3d  A.I.C.  at  Issoudun  for  temporary  duty. 
Late  at  night  on  Nov.  10,  1918,  orders  for  the  front  arrived,  but 
because  of  the  Armistice  these  were  cancelled  the  following  day. 
Lieut.  Koch  was  Adjutant  at  Field  10,  Issoudun,  from  Nov.  2, 
1918,  to  Jan.  8,  1919.  On  April  20  he  returned  with  his  Squadron 
to  Mitchel  Field,  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  for  demobilization. 


[ 168  1 


WILLIAM  M.  CONANT,  Jr. 

Major,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  School  Staff,  Third  Aviation 
Instruction  Centre 

Son  of  Dr.  William  M.  and  Mary  B.  Conant;  was  born  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  March  23,  1801.  He  was  educated  at  the  Noble  and  Green- 
ough  School,  and  at  Harvard  College,  A.B.  1012.  In  school  he  was 
a member  of  the  football,  track,  and  baseball  teams;  and  played 
on  the  freshman  baseball  team  at  Harvard  College. 

He  served  in  the  1st  Aero  Squadron,  N.G.,  of  New  York,  in  1016, 
and  flew  at  Mineola,  N.W  He  enlisted  at  Mineola  in  July,  1017, 
and  received  his  flying  training  there  in  Aug.  On  Oct.  8,  1017,  he 
was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  and  sailed  overseas  in  the  same 
month.  He  completed  his  training  as  “chasse  pilote”  in  Dec.,  Jan., 
and  Feb.,  at  the  3d  A.I.C.,  Issoudun,  France.  In  Feb.,  1018,  he 
was  made  Tester  of  Planes,  and  in  April  was  promoted  to  be  Chief 
Tester  of  the  School.  He  was  commissioned  Capt.  on  Oct.  3,  1018, 
and  promoted  to  Major,  on  Feb.  21,  1010.  He  is  still  in  the  Service 
at  Bolling  Field,  Washington,  D.C. 

Married,  June  4,  1010,  Dinsmore  Patrick,  of  Lexington,  Ky. 


[ ] 


GEORGE  W.  BENEDICT,  Jr. 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  George  W.  and  Anna  Louise  Benedict,  of  Cambridge,  Mass., 
was  born  at  Boston,  Aug.  14,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  the  Volk- 
mann  and  at  St.  George’s  schools,  and  at  Harvard  College,  A.B. 
1917. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  July,  1916,  and 
the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.,  from  March  to  July,  1917.  He  enlisted  at 
Cambridge  on  July  7, 1917,  in  the  Signal  Enlisted  Reserve  Corps, 
and  began  active  service  at  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  on  Aug.  20, 

1917.  Graduating  on  Oct.  13,  he  was  sent  to  Mineola  Embarkation 
Camp,  N.Y.;  and  on  Nov.  14,  1917,  sailed  overseas.  He  waited  at 
Tours  and  St.-Maixent  until  the  end  of  March,  1918,  when  he  was 
sent  for  flying  instruction  to  the  French  school  at  Chateauroux. 
After  preliminary  training  and  the  French  brevet  tests,  he  was 
stationed  at  Issoudun  for  further  training,  from  July  12  to  Aug.  17. 
While  at  Chateauroux  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  May  18, 

1918.  From  Issoudun  he  was  sent  to  the  2d  A.I.C.  at  Tours,  Aug. 
17,  1918,  to  take  the  course  for  “ Corps  d’Armee  ” Pilots.  Shortly 
afterwards  this  centre  began  to  train  observers  exclusively,  so  that 
the  ‘‘Corps  d’Armee”  Pilots’  course  was  discontinued,  and  Lieut. 
Benedict  was  transferred  to  the  status  of  Staff  Pilot,  to  fly  in  co- 
operation with  the  observers.  He  remained  on  this  duty  until  his 
discharge  in  France,  April  1,  1919. 


[ 172  ] 


1 ii 


. 


WENDELL  GAGE  REYCROFT 

Ensign,  U.S.N.A.S.  Northern  Bombing  Group,  France 

Son  of  Louis  Wendell  and  Eliza  Morgan  (Gage)  Reycroft,  of 
Arlington,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Boston  on  May  11,  1894.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Arlington  public  schools,  and  at  Dartmouth  Col- 
lege, A.B.  1917.  In  high  school  he  was  captain  of  the  football 
team  in  1913,  and  of  the  hockey  team  in  the  same  year.  At  Dart- 
mouth he  played  on  the  ’Varsity  hockey  team  for  three  years. 

He  enlisted  at  Arlington,  and  was  trained  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School,  Cambridge.  On  graduation  he  was  ordered  to  Key  West, 
Fla.,  where  he  was  commissioned  Ensign,  and  then  ordered  to 
Miami,  Fla.,  as  Instructor  in  Flying.  He  applied  for  overseas  serv- 
ice, and  sailed  for  France  in  detail  Aug.  1,  1918.  He  saw  service 
with  the  Northern  Bombing  Group  of  Headquarters  in  Flanders 
and  Belgium.  At  last  reports  he  was  still  in  Service  at  Norfolk,  Va. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Harlan  Long  Reycroft,  Ensign,  U.S.N.A.S. 

Harrie  Fay  Reycroft,  Private,  26th  Balloon  Co.,  France. 

Louis  Manning  Reycroft,  Private,  Signal  Corps. 

George  Moulton  Reycroft,  Qualified  Cadet,  Officers’  School, 
Camp  Fremont. 


[ 174  ] 


HARLAN  LONG  REYCROFT 

Ensign,  U.S.N.A.S. 

Son  of  Louis  Wendell  and  Eliza  Morgan  (Gage)  Reycroft,  of 
Arlington,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Boston,  on  Dec.  12,  1892.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Arlington  public  schools,  and  at  Harvard  College, 
A.B.  1915.  In  high  school  he  ran  on  the  track  team,  was  captain 
of  the  football  team,  1911,  and  was  on  the  baseball  team,  1911.  At 
Harvard  he  earned  his  “H”  on  the  track  and  hockey  teams. 

Previous  to  the  war,  he  served  in  Mexico  with  Battery  A,  1st 
Mass.  Reg’t,  F.A.,  N.G.  He  enlisted  at  Arlington,  Mass.,  in  1918; 
trained  at  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  from  which  he  graduated,  and 
was  ordered  to  Miami,  Fla.,  on  Aug.  3,  1918.  Here  he  was  com- 
missioned Ensign,  and  was  appointed  Naval  Ensign  and  Instructor 
in  Flying.  At  last  reports  he  was  still  in  Service. 

Married,  July  6,  1918,  Gladys  M.  Chamberlain. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Wendell  Gage  Reycroft,  Ensign,  U.S.N.A.S.,  Northern  Bomb- 
ing Group. 

Harrie  Fay  Reycroft,  Private,  26th  Balloon  Co.,  France. 

Louis  Manning  Reycroft,  Private,  Signal  Corps. 

George  Moulton  Reycroft,  Qualified  Cadet,  Officers’  School, 
Camp  Fremont. 


[ 176  ] 


CLYDE  C.  MACKENZIE 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Frank  E.  and  Hattie  M.  Mackenzie;  was  born  at  Taunton, 
Mass.,  July  17,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  the  Taunton  High 
School  and  at  M.I.T.  Prior  to  his  entrance  into  the  U.S.  Service 
he  trained  with  various  school  and  college  cadet  corps. 

On  July  2,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  the  M.I.T. , where  he  attended 
the  Ground  School  from  July  2 to  Aug.  23;  he  continued  his 
training  at  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton,  Ohio,  Aug.  23  to  Dec. 
30.  He  was  transferred  to  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  and 
stationed  there  from  Dec.  30,  1917,  to  July  5,  1918  (student  and 
Instructor  in  day  and  night  bombing).  He  was  commissioned  2d 
Lieut.,  Feb.  21,  1918.  He  was  ordered  to  Taliaferro  Field,  Fort 
Worth,  Tex.,  July  5 to  Aug.  17,  serving  as  Instructor  in  Aerial 
Gunnery. 

He  sailed  overseas  and  was  stationed  at  the  7th  A.I.C.,  Clermont- 
Ferrand,  France,  from  Sept.  30  to  Oct.  22,  1918,  as  student  and 
Instructor  in  Bombing.  On  Oct.  22,  1918,  he  was  injured  in  wreck 
of  a D.H.  4.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  and  at  last  accounts  was  in  the 
Base  Hospital,  at  Camp  Devens,  Mass. 

Lieut.  Mackenzie  was  the  first  night-bombing  and  day-bombing 
pilot  to  be  trained  in  the  U.S.  and  sent  abroad.  He  sailed  with  two 
others,  Lieuts.  Jenkins  and  Nichols;  the  three  being  at  that  time 
the  only  completely  trained  bombing  pilots  in  the  U.S. 

Married,  Aug.  23,  1918,  Margaret  Tray  nor. 


[ 178  ] 


MARVIN  SOMERSETT  BOWMAN 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Seventh  Aviation 
Instruction  Centre,  A.E.F. 

Son  of  Rev.  John  Elliot  and  Charly  (Root)  Bowman;  was  born  at 
Somerville,  Mass.,  Dec.  30,  189,5.  He  was  educated  at  Vermont 
Academy,  Saxtons  River,  Vt.,  and  at  Harvard  College,  where  he 
remained  for  two  years  with  the  class  of  1916.  Prior  to  his  entry 
into  the  U.S.  Service  he  was  a member  of  the  staff  of  the  Boston 
Evening  Record. 

He  enlisted  in  Boston,  Aug.,  1917,  as  private  in  the  301st  Field 
Artillery.  In  Feb.,  1918,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Air  Service,  and 
trained  at  the  Ground  School,  Cornell,  at  Dallas,  Tex.,  and  at 
Selfridge  Field,  Mich.  He  sailed  overseas  in  Aug.,  1918,  and  was 
stationed  at  Brest,  St.-Maixent,  and  at  Clermont-Ferrand.  He 
was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  July  30,  1918,  and  was  made 
a member  of  the  instruction  staff  of  the  7th  A.I.C.,  Clermont- 
Ferrand,  France. 

In  the  following  communication  he  has  graphically  described 
the  spirit  of  the  French  toward  the  American  aviators,  who  have 
given  their  lives  in  France: 

Perhaps  you  know  that  a ship  always  flies  overhead  to  escort  the  pro- 
cession to  the  grave  and  then  drops  flowers  from  the  air.  There  is  some- 
thing very  impressive  about  this,  the  big  ships  circling  overhead  and 
leading  the  way  to  the  grave.  Seems  like  the  Spirit  of  the  Game  welcoming 
one  of  its  followers.  Then  a little  service  by  the  padre,  a flutter  of  petals 
from  the  air  as  the  ships  swoop  down  to  ten  feet  from  the  ground  — three 
volleys  and  then  “Taps.”  That  bugle  call  sure  gets  a man.  The  point  of 
the  story  is  this:  In  that  pouring  rain  there  were  nearly  fifty  French  kids 
and  women  hard  at  work  shaping  the  graves,  patting  them  down,  edging 
them  with  sod  and  covering  the  whole  cemetery  with  flowers  from  God 
knows  where.  There  was  n’t  a grave  in  the  place  that  was  n’t  hidden  from 
sight  by  blossoms.  And  they  do  this  every  day  and  have  been  doing  it  for 
months.  And  believe  me,  they  will  keep  on  doing  it  for  a hundred  years. 
The  French  never  forget.  At  the  cemetery  gate  they  have  erected  a monu- 
ment with  laurel  wreaths  and  the  inscription: 

“Aux  soldats  americains;  morts  pour  la  France,  pour  la  Justice,  le 
Droit  et  l'Honneur  du  monde;  Honneur  aux  Braves.” 

Lieut.  Bowman  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y., 
Feb.  4,  1919. 

Married,  Dec.  19,  1916,  Helen  A.  Dodge,  of  Cambridge,  Mass. 

[ 180  1 


GEORGE  BEALE  EMMONS,  Jr. 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  George  Beale  and  Marie  (Dupont)  Emmons,  of  Brookline, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  April  5,  1894.  He  was  educated 
at  the  Volkmann  School,  1913,  and  at  Harvard  University,  class  of 
1917.  At  Harvard  he  played  on  the  freshman  baseball  team  in  1914 
and  on  the  ’Varsity  soccer  team,  1916-17.  He  was  a member  of  Bat- 
tery A,  1st  Mass.  Reg't,  F.A.,  N.G.,  and  in  1916  saw  four  months’ 
service  on  the  Mexican  Border.  In  April,  1917,  he  enlisted  with  the 
1st  Harvard  Regiment.  He  trained  at  the  1st  Officers’  Training 
Camp  at  Plattsburg,  and  after  finishing  the  course  was  transferred 
to  the  Air  Service.  He  attended  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  and 
graduated  the  high  honor  man  of  the  Squadron.  He  then  had 
training  in  flying  at  Gerstner  Field,  La.,  and  at  Ellington  Field, 
Houston,  Tex.  He  was  appointed  Instructor  at  Baker  Field,  N.Y., 
and  then  at  Langley  Field,  Va. 

He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  May  3,  1918.  At  the  time  of  the 
Armistice  he  was  under  overseas  orders,  at  Newport  News,  being 
attached  to  the  General  Staff,  Tours,  France. 

Upon  application,  Lieut.  Emmons  was  honorably  discharged  at 
Washington,  D.C.,  on  Dec.  13,  1918. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Arthur  B. Emmons,  2d,  Capt.,  Medical  Corps, U.S. A.;  Evacua- 
tion Hospital  No.  2;  appointed  Head  of  Medical  Dep’t. 


[ 182  ] 


JOHN  BROWN  PAYSON 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Herbert  and  Sally  Carroll  (Brown)  Payson;  was  born  at 
Portland,  Me.,  Oct.  1,  1897.  He  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Portland,  and  the  Salisbury  School,  Salisbury,  Conn.  He  entered 
Yale  College  in  1916,  leaving  to  enter  the  Service  in  1917. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  1916,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Yale  R.O.T.C.  Battery.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air 
Service  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Dec.  11,  1917. 

He  began  his  training  at  the  Ground  School,  Cornell  University, 
Ithaca,  N.Y.,  in  Feb.,  1918;  in  March  he  was  transferred  to  Camp 
Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  and  from  there  was  sent  to  Payne  Field,  West 
Point,  Miss.,  where  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Aug.  20,  1918. 
He  was  assigned  to  the  Armorers’  School,  Wilbur  Wright  Field, 
Dayton,  Ohio,  in  Sept.,  1918,  and  from  there  he  was  transferred  to 
Field  No.  2,  Garden  City,  N.Y.  On  Dec.  18, 1918,  he  was  honorably 
discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


EDWARD  TAPPAN  BRACKETT 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. , Flying  Instructor 
Selfridge  Field,  Mich. 

Son  of  M.  L.  and  Helen  R.  (Tappan)  Brackett,  of  Brookline, 
Mass.,  was  born  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Jan.  19,  1892.  He  graduated 
from  Brown  University  in  1914;  he  was  a member  of  the  ’Varsity 
swimming  and  wrestling  teams,  and  of  his  class  baseball  and  gym- 
nasium teams.  In  1915  he  served  for  a few  months  in  the  Machine 
Gun  Co.,  8th  Mass.  Volunteer  Militia.  He  enlisted  at  Plattsburg, 
N.Y.,  May  12,  1917,  and  was  attached  to  the  2d  Provisional  Train- 
ing Squadron  from  May  to  Aug.,  1917.  He  attended  the  M.I.T. 
Ground  School  during  Oct.  and  Nov.,  1917.  He  received  further 
training  at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  from  Dec.,  1917,  to 
May,  1918;  at  Langley  Field,  Old  Point  Comfort,  Va.,  through 
May  and  June;  and  at  the  Aerial  Gunnery  School,  Taliaferro  Field, 
Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  during  July,  1918.  He  was  commissioned  2d 
Lieut.,  April  20,  1918,  and  from  Aug.,  1918,  to  Jan.  30,  1919,  was 
Flying  Instructor  at  Selfridge  Field,  Mt.  Clemens,  Mich.  He  was 
honorably  discharged  at  Selfridge  Field,  Jan.  30,  1919. 

[ 184  ] 


KARL  HARROLD  CRAIGTE 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  H.  and  Florence  C.  Craigie,  of  Stoneham,  Mass.;  was 
born  Aug.  22, 1898.  He  was  educated  at  the  Stoneham  High  School, 
and  at  Harvard  College,  member  of  the  class  of  1920.  At  school  he 
won  the  MacDonald  scholarship  medal  and  stood  first  in  his  class. 
He  trained  for  six  months  with  the  R.O.T.C.,  and  on  Sept.  20, 1917, 
enlisted  at  Cambridge,  Mass. 

He  trained  at  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.;  at  Ellington  Field, 
Houston,  Tex.;  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.;  Call  Field,  Wichita  Falls, 
Tex.;  and  at  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton,  Ohio.  He  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  April  3,  1918,  and  sailed  overseas  to  France, 
continuing  his  training  at  St.-Maixent,  then  at  Issoudun,  where  he 
completed  Pursuit  Pilot  training,  Nov.  10,  1918.  He  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Concentration  Camp  at  Angers;  sailed  from  Brest, 
Jan.  15,  1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City, 
N.Y.,  Jan.  28,  1919. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Hugh  H.  Craigie,  Corp.,  Co.  L,  33d  U.S.(Reg.)  Infantry, 
Laurence  C.  Craigie,  Cadet,  U.S.M.A.,  West  Point. 


[ 186  ] 


JOHN  JAY  VAN  SCHAACK 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundredth  Squadron 
Independent  Air  Force,  B.E.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  David  Van  Schaack,  of  Hartford,  Conn.;  was 
born  at  Brooklyn,  N.Y.,  July  21,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Pawling  School,  Pawling,  N.Y.,  and  at  Williams  College. 

He  left  college  on  April  10,  1917,  to  train  for  the  Service,  and  on 
June  24  joined  the  Franco- American  Flying  Corps  in  New  York 
City,  sailing  overseas,  July  9,  1917.  On  reaching  Paris  and  finding 
that  his  entry  into  a French  flying  school  would  be  delayed,  he 
obtained  his  release  from  the  French  Government  and  enlisted  in 
the  U.S.  Air  Service  on  Aug.  16,  1917.  He  trained  at  Tours  from 
Aug.  19  to  Oct.  19,  1917,  when  he  was  bre vetted  as  a Pilot  by  the 
French  Government.  He  was  then  assigned  to  the  3d  A.I.C.  at  Is- 
soudun,  where  he  remained  from  Oct.  20,  1917,  to  Feb.  10,  1918,  and 
where  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S. A.,  on  Nov.  20, 
1917.  In  Feb.  he  trained  at  Clermont-Ferrand,  and  on  April  16  was 
sent  to  England  for  further  training  at  the  First  Aerial  School  of 
Navigation  and  Bomb-Dropping  at  Stonehenge.  He  was  subse- 
quently transferred  to  Guillons,  France,  where  he  joined  a French 
Voissain  Group,  from  June  2 to  June  29.  He  was  then  detailed 
to  the  First  Air  Depot  at  Colombey-les-Belles.  From  there  he 
went  to  join  the  100th  Squadron,  Independent  Air  Force,  B.E.F., 
with  which  he  remained  from  July  2 to  Aug.  16,  1918. 

On  the  night  of  Aug.  16,  while  he  was  on  a night-bombing  trip 
against  a German  Squadron  at  Boulay,  his  motor  was  struck  by 
machine-gun  fire  from  the  ground  and  he  was  forced  to  land.  Lieut. 
Van  Schaack  and  his  observer,  Capt.  John  A.  King,  of  Chicago, 
were  captured  by  the  Germans,  and  held  at  various  prison  camps: 
Saint-Avold,  Strasbourg,  Karlsruhe,  Landshut,  Villingen,  and 
Constance.  They  were  released  on  Nov.  29,  1918,  and  returned  to 
France  by  way  of  Switzerland.  Lieut.  Van  Schaack  spent  a week  in 
the  hospital  at  Allerey,  and  on  Dec.  20  went  to  England,  where  he 
spent  six  weeks.  On  Feb.  5,  1919,  he  sailed  for  the  U.S.,  where  he 
was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  on  Feb.  28, 1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Bulkeley  Van  Schaack,  Private,  U.S.A.,  101st  Machine  Gun 
Battalion,  26th  Division,  A.E.F. 

[ 188  ] 


LELAND  H.  EMERY 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Second  Aviation 
Instruction  Centre,  Tours,  France 

Son  of  Frederick  L.  and  Grace  L.  (Harrington)  Emery;  was  born  at 
Lexington,  Mass.,  March  8,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Volk- 
mann  School,  Boston,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1919.  He 
rowed  two  years  on  his  school  crew. 

He  attended  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.  previous  to  enlisting.  He 
sailed  for  France  in  April,  1917;  and  entered  the  American  Ambu- 
lance Field  Service,  with  the  French  Army,  T.M.,  Section  526  B, 
Reserve  Mallet,  and  remained  in  that  service  for  six  months.  He 
then  enlisted  with  the  U.S.  Army,  Aviation  Section,  Signal  Reserve 
Corps,  on  Dec.  1,  1917.  He  trained  at  Tours,  Issoudun,  and  at  St.- 
Jean-des-Monts,  Gunnery  School.  From  Dec.  1,  1917,  to  June,  1918, 
he  was  detained  as  cadet  at  St.-Maixent.  He  was  commissioned 
2d.  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  on  June  7,  1918,  and  from  then  to  the  signing  of 
the  Armistice  was  retained  as  Instructor  at  Tours  and  elsewhere, 
continuing  in  this  capacity  until  his  return  to  the  U.S.  He  arrived 
in  New  York,  April  27,  1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged  May  7, 
1919,  at  Camp  Devens. 


[ 190  ] 


JOHN  LALLEY  MORAN 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Instructor,  Love  Field 
Dallas,  Texas 

Son  of  Walter  Lawrence  and  Ella  E.  (Lalley)  Moran;  was  born  at 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  June  30,  1896.  He  attended  the  Russell  Gram- 
mar School  and  the  Rindge  Manual  Training  School,  Cambridge. 
WI  len  he  was  fifteen  years  old  he  enlisted  in  Co.  C,  8th  Reg’t, 
M.V.M.,  was  made  Corporal,  and  served  three  years,  withdrawing 
finally  because  it  was  necessary  for  him  to  work  during  the  evenings. 

He  enlisted  July,  1917,  in  the  Aviation  Corps,  and  entered  the 
Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  Dec.  1,  1917.  He  was  transferred  to  Prince- 
ton University,  Dec.  29,  1917,  and  graduated  with  the  class  of 
Feb.  9,  1918.  In  the  same  month  he  was  ordered  to  Love  Field, 
Dallas,  Tex.,  and  thence  to  Kelly  Field,  and  later  to  San  Antonio, 
Tex.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  May  20,  1918,  and  appointed 
Instructor  in  Gosport  System  of  Advanced  Flying,  at  Love  Field, 
Dallas,  a few  months  later.  He  was  at  last  account  Officer  in  Charge 
of  Transportation  at  Love  Field. 


[ 192  ] 


JOHN  FREEMAN  BROWN,  Jr. 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  F.  and  Alice  R.  Brown;  was  born  at  Milton,  Mass., 
May  27,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  Phillips  Andover  Academy,  and 
at  Harvard  University. 

He  enlisted  March  31, 1917,  was  appointed  Sergeant,  and  trained 
for  Aviation  at  Newport  News,  M.I.T.,  and  Essington,  Pa.  He 
was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  R.M.A.,  in  Nov.,  1917.  In  the  same 
month  he  sailed  overseas  for  advanced  training,  which  he  re- 
ceived at  Issoudun  and  Clermont-Ferrand. 

In  March,  1918,  he  was  sent  to  training  school  at  Stonehenge, 
Eng.,  for  a six  weeks’  course  in  night  bombing.  Returning  to  Cler- 
mont-Ferrand he  was  put  in  charge  of  one  of  the  flying  fields  and 
later  became  Instructor  there  in  Aerial  Navigation.  After  the  Armis- 
tice he  was  ordered  to  the  2d  Army  of  Occupation  as  Navigation 
Officer,  Dec.,  1918.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 

HAROLD  THEODORE  RAMSAY 

Cadet,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Alexander  Theodore  and  Beda  Elizabeth  (Boigeson) 
Ramsay;  was  born  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  Oct.  4,  1897.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Huntington  Preparatory  School,  Boston,  Mass., 
and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology.  At  school  he  played 
football,  baseball,  and  hockey.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at 
Washington,  D.C.,  on  Feb.  2,  1918,  and  was  sent  to  Camp  Dick, 
Dallas,  Tex.  He  was  then  ordered  to  Cornell  University,  Ithaca, 
N.Y.,  for  ground-school  training,  and  thence  to  Camp  Dick.  Sub- 
sequently he  was  assigned  to  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La., 
for  work  in  flying.  He  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Service 
on  Dec.  21,  1918,  at  Gerstner  Field. 


[ 194  ] 


ROBERT  LEWIS  FISHER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Samuel  H.  and  Margaret  (Sargent)  Fisher;  was  born  at  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  June  22,  1898.  He  was  educated  at  the  Taft  School, 
Watertown,  Conn.;  the  Thacher  School,  Ojai,  Cal.;  and  at  Yale 
College. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  New  Haven,  Conn.,  on  Jan.  19, 
1918,  and  was  assigned  to  the  U.S.  School  of  Military  Aeronautics 
at  Princeton,  N.  J. ; after  completing  the  course  there  he  was  sent  to 
Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss.,  for  flying  instruction.  Subsequently 
he  was  ordered  to  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton,  Ohio,  for  a course 
in  Pursuit  Pilot’s  gunnery.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  on 
Aug.  20,  1918.  He  was  discharged  from  the  Service  at  Garden  City, 
N.Y.,  Dec.  12,  1918. 


[ 196  ] 


JOHN  W.  CRAIG 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Arthur  E.  and  Adelaide  May  (Starbird)  Craig;  was  born  at 
Portland,  Me.,  July  9,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  the  Portland 
Grammar  and  High  Schools,  M.I.T.,  and  at  Cornell  University.  He 
enlisted  from  Cornell  in  June,  1917,  and  was  sent  to  the  Officers’ 
Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  N.Y.  Later  he  transferred  to  Avia- 
tion, and  was  assigned  to  M.I.T.,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  for  ground- 
school  work.  He  was  trained  in  primary  flying  at  Park  Field,  Mem- 
phis, Tenn.,  where  he  remained  from  Jan.  1 to  June  1,  1918;  and  in 
advanced  flying  at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  where  he  re- 
mained from  June,  1918,  to  March,  1919.  On  completing  the  course 
at  Ellington  Field  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  April,  1918, 
and  held  as  Instructor  in  Night  Bomb  Raiding. 

Lieut.  Craig  had  several  narrow  escapes  from  death.  On  July  9, 

1918,  while  flying  a new  ship  at  Ellington  Field,  the  engine  refused 
to  function  at  an  altitude  of  9000  feet.  Fortunately  he  was  able  to 
plane  to  earth  in  safety,  although  his  machine  was  badly  smashed 
in  colliding  with  a barbed-wire  fence.  On  Dec.  9,  1918,  he  and 
another  instructor  had  barely  left  Ellington  Field  when  their  en- 
gine stopped.  In  the  forced  landing  which  followed  the  plane  was 
smashed  and  his  companion  was  killed.  Lieut.  Craig  escaped  un- 
hurt. He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Ellington  Field  in  March, 

1919,  and  returned  to  Cornell  to  finish  his  college  course. 


[ 198  ] 


CHARLES  HENRY  SMITH 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Ninth  Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Charles  E.  and  Albertine  (Flanders)  Smith;  was  born  at 
Nashua,  N.H.,  April  26,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  Florida  Mili- 
tary Academy,  Green  Cove  Springs,  Fla.,  and  at  Andover 
Academy,  Andover,  Mass. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Service  on  May  2,  1917,  at  Plattsburg, 
N.Y.;  trained  at  Plattsburg,  and  at  the  M.I.T.,  where  he  finished 
his  course  on  Dec.  18,  1917.  He  continued  his  training  at  Ellington 
Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  where  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S., 
U.S. A.,  on  April  15,  1918,  remaining  there  until  he  was  sent  over- 
seas, May  15,  1918.  He  trained  at  Tours,  France,  and  at  Clermont- 
Ferrand  during  which  period  trouble  with  his  eyes  necessitated  his 
transference  to  a bombing  squadron.  After  some  weeks  of  this 
training  it  was  evident  that  his  previous  experience  in  night 
flying,  acquired  at  Ellington  Field,  had  made  him  available  for 
that  branch  of  the  Service,  and  he  was  sent  as  a replacement  to  the 
9th  Aero  Squadron,  which  was  doing  night  reconnoitring  for  the 
American  Aviation  Headquarters. 

From  Aug.  1 to  Nov.  11,  1918,  Lieut.  Smith  was  at  the  front 
engaged  in  night-patrol  work,  flying  as  Pilot  with  the  3d  Army 
Corps.  After  the  signing  of  the  Armistice  he  was  sent  into  Germany 
with  the  Army  of  Occupation,  and  has  since  been  doing  photo- 
graphic work  with  the  9th  Squadron. 

Married,  May  8,  1917,  Marrion  P.  Gould. 


[ 200  ] 


SAMUEL  GARDINER  JARVIS 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Assistant  O.I.C. 

Gunnery  Department,  Gerstner  Field,  Louisiana 

Son  of  Leonard  Jarvis,  M.D.,  and  Mabel  (Howard)  Jarvis;  was 
born  at  Claremont,  N.H.,  Jan.  6,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  St. 
Paul’s  School,  Concord,  N.H.,  and  at  Trinity  College,  Hartford, 
Conn.,  class  of  1919.  He  was  a member  of  Psi  Upsilon  Fraternity 
and  of  the  Senior  Honorary  Society.  He  played  on  the  ‘Varsity 
football  team  two  years;  ’Varsity  track,  two  years;  ’Varsity  hockey 
team,  one  year.  He  left  college  in  the  middle  of  his  senior  year  and 
enlisted  on  April  3,  1917. 

He  served  in  Troop  B,  Hartford,  Conn.;  then  in  U.S.  Ambulance 
Corps.  He  was  sent  to  M.I.T.  Ground  School  on  Nov.  3,  1917,  then 
to  Cornell,  where  he  remained  until  Jan.  12,  1918.  He  was  then 
transferred  to  Gerstner  Field,  La.,  where  he  qualified  as  Pilot,  and 
was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  May  6,  1918.  On  May  7 he  was  made 
Instructor  in  Aerial  Gunnery,  Flying  Combat,  and  Martin  Gun. 
He  was  ordered  to  Dayton,  Ohio,  Aug.  1918,  and  returned  to 
Gerstner  Field  in  Oct.  as  assistant  O.I.C.,  Aerial  Gunnery.  In 
Nov.  he  was  attached  to  the  French  and  English  Commission  at 
Camp  Beauregard.  He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Gerstner  Field, 
Lake  Charles,  La.,  Jan.  7,  1919. 

Great-uncle  in  Service  — 

Charles  Jarvis,  Major,  U.S. A.,  9th  Vermont  Regiment; 
killed  in  action  in  Civil  War. 


[ 202  ] 


ROGER  COOLIDGE 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Instructor,  Third 
Aviation  Centre,  Issoudun,  France 

Son  of  Herbert  and  Phila  E.  Coolidge;  was  born  at  Watertown, 
Mass.,  Feb.  23,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  St.  George’s  School,  New- 
port, R.I.,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1919. 

He  enlisted  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  in  July,  1917,  and  had  three 
months’  training  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School.  He  was  commis- 
sioned 1st  Lieut,  in  Oct.,  1917,  and  sailed  overseas  in  that  month. 
About  Jan.  1,  1918,  he  was  appointed  Instructor  in  Bombing  at 
Headquarters  Detachment,  3d  A.I.C,  at  Issoudun,  France. 

Certain  extracts  from  Lieut.  Coolidge’s  letters  are  of  interest : 

January  28,  1918 

I have  been  appointed  an  instructor  in  bombing  for  this  camp,  and  have 
had  to  do  some  intensive  studying  before  beginning  my  lectures.  I find 
your  honorable  professor  a very  busy  one,  for  besides  giving  four  lectures 
a day,  I have  begun  flying  myself,  in  consequence  of  being  a member  of  the 
Training  Department,  and  this  naturally  is  the  best  part  of  it  all.  How- 
ever, having  taken  this  position,  I shall  remain  in  camp  after  the  other 
fellows  go,  perhaps  for  several  months. 

March  23,  1918 

Am  back  at  my  old  job,  but  I certainly  wish  I could  get  into  active 
flying  work,  especially  now  that  the  big  German  offensive  is  on,  and  while 
the  work  here  is  interesting,  I don’t  intend  to  be  a school  teacher  for  the 
rest  of  the  war.  If  I don’t  get  to  service  flying  soon,  I shall  try  to  get  to  the 
front  as  a bomber. 


November  16,  1918 

Everybody  here  is  thinking  up  alibis  for,  “Why  I did  not  get  to  the 
front.”  It  is  n’t  our  fault  the  war  stopped.  The  only  difference  to  us  caused 
by  the  Armistice  is  that  we  are  not  to  fly  on  Sundays,  which  perhaps  is 
just  as  well,  as  Sunday  has  been  the  day  for  getting  killed  . . . four  last 
Sunday. 

Quentin  Roosevelt  and  Hamilton  Coolidge  were  here  a long  time,  and 
I knew  them  very  well.  They  were  in  my  class  at  college,  as  you  may  re- 
member. They  were  fine  fellows.  Ham  had  gotten  several  Boches,  I under- 
stand, and  had  been  made  a Captain. 

We  continue  flying,  when  weather  permits,  and  I am  glad  that  I changed 
over  from  Nieuports  to  the  de  Haviland  machines.  The  latter  are  easy  to 
learn,  but  give  one  more  work  to  manoeuvre  at  high  speed.  Have  just  led 
a formation  in  a cross-country  trip,  and  that  keeps  one  busy  every  minute. 


[ 204  ] 


HERBERT  FRANKLIN  COMSTOCK 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  Moore  and  Persis  (Dearborn)  Comstock;  was  born  at 
Chelsea,  Vt.,  Feb.  12,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  the  Chelsea,  Vt., 
High  School;  Manual  Training  High  School,  New  Haven,  Conn.; 
Kimball  Union  Academy,  Meriden,  N.H.;  and  at  Dartmouth  Col- 
lege, one  year,  class  of  1915.  He  took  part  in  track  athletics,  and 
played  baseball  and  basket-ball. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Air  Service  in  Aug.,  1917,  at  Sandusky, 
Ohio.  He  trained  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  and  sailed  over- 
seas in  Nov.,  1917.  He  spent  the  following  winter  in  camp  at  St.- 
Maixent;  training  being  hindered  by  lack  of  planes.  In  the  spring 
and  summer  of  1918  he  completed  his  training  at  Chateauroux, 
and  Issoudun.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  on  May  18,  1918. 
For  a month  he  was  assigned  to  motor  transport  service;  and  he 
served  for  some  time  as  Instructor  at  the  Issoudun  training  field. 
While  so  engaged  he  met  with  a serious  accident  which  incapaci- 
tated him  from  active  service  for  some  weeks.  He  returned  to  Amer- 
ica in  March,  and  was  honorably  discharged  on  March  17,  1919. 


[ 206  ] 


LELAND  V.  CLARK 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Frederick  W.  and  Carrie  E.  (Vining)  Clark;  was  born  at 
North  Abington,  Mass.,  June  3, 1893.  He  was  educated  in  the  Abing- 
ton  public  schools,  and  at  the  M.I.T.  He  played  on  his  school  foot- 
ball team;  and  at  Technology  was  a member  of  the  tug-of-war  team. 

He  enlisted  on  June  18,  1917,  at  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  where 
he  spent  two  months.  He  was  then  transferred  to  Belleville,  111.,  on 
Aug.  18,  1917,  where  he  made  his  first  flight  from  Scott  Field  on 
Sept.  11,  1917.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  in  Jan.,  1918,  and 
sailed  for  overseas  service  on  the  ill-fated  Tuscania , which  was  tor- 
pedoed off  the  Irish  coast  on  Feb.  7,  1918. 

Lieut.  Clark  was  in  active  service  in  France  until  the  end  of  the 
war.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 

Grandfather  in  Service  — 

A.  Elliot  Vining,  served  in  the  Civil  War. 


THOMAS  R.  TARRANT 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Thomas  R.  Tarrant,  of  Brookline,  Mass.  He 
entered  Dartmouth  College  in  the  class  of  1918.  In  June,  1917,  he 
enlisted  in  the  American  Ambulance  Field  Service,  and  sailed  for 
France  with  the  Dartmouth  College  unit.  He  was  in  the  Camion 
Service  for  five  months;  was  appointed  Corporal  by  the  French, 
and  placed  in  charge  of  cars  taking  ammunition  to  the  front.  In 
Dec.,  1917,  he  transferred  to  the  Aviation  Service,  and  trained 
with  the  French,  receiving  a French  brevet.  On  May  18,  1918, 
he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  the  U.S.  Aviation  Service,  and 
served  as  an  Instructor  until  the  end  of  the  war. 


[ 208  ] 


GELSTON  TYLER  KING 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Samuel  Gelstonand  Alice  (Tyler)  King;  was  born  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  July  20,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  the  Noble  and  Greenough 
School,  Boston,  class  of  1912,  and  Harvard  College,  A.B.  1916. 

He  attended  the  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  in  the 
summer  of  1917,  and  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School  in  the  fall  of  1917, 
leaving  there  in  Dec.  to  continue  his  training  at  Ellington  Field, 
Houston,  Tex.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  and  sent  to  Talia- 
ferro Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  where  he  completed  a course  in  ad- 
vanced flying,  as  Bombing  Pilot.  He  was  sent  overseas  in  the  fall  of 
1918,  and  remained  at  Clermont-Ferrand  until  after  the  Armistice 
was  signed,  when  he  was  sent  to  pilot  some  of  the  ships,  that  our 
American  aviators  had  left  at  the  front,  back  to  their  bases.  He 
returned  to  the  U.S.  in  Feb.,  1919.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


HARRY  W.  SEELEY 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

He  was  one  of  the  original  members  of  the  First  Aeronautical  Di- 
vision, called  out  on  April  6,  1917.  He  received  an  honorable  dis- 
charge from  this  organization  to  join  the  Lafayette  Escadrille  in 
France.  He  trained  at  Tours  from  Sept.,  1917,  to  March,  1918. 
and  at  Issoudun  from  March  to  Aug.,  1918.  From  Aug.,  1918,  to 
Nov.  11  he  was  employed  as  Ferry  Pilot,  flying  machines  to  the 
squadrons  at  the  front,  from  Orly,  France.  In  Dec.,  1918,  he  was 
assigned  to  the  28th  Aero  Squadron  in  the  3d  Army  of  Occupation. 


[ 210  ] 


HENRY  GOLDSBOROUGH  MacLURE 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Thirty- 
Ninth  Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Rev.  Laurens  and  Ella  T.  MacLure,  of  Newton,  Mass.;  was 
born  at  Oakhurst,  Pa.,  Nov.  7,  1892.  He  attended  the  Newton 
High  School,  and  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1915.  At 
school  he  was  captain  of  the  track  team,  and  at  college  a member  of 
the  track  team  and  captain  of  the  cross-country  team. 

In  May,  1917,  he  attended  the  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Platts- 
burg,  and  while  there  volunteered  for  the  Air  Service,  and  was  one 
of  twenty -five  accepted  by  the  Government  and  sent  to  the  Royal 
Flying  Corps  School  at  Toronto,  Can.,  in  Aug.,  1917.  On  Dec.  1 
he  was  transferred  to  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  to  continue  his  training, 
and  in  Feb.,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  and  sent  over- 
seas, where  he  was  attached  to  the  139th  Aero  Squadron. 

On  July  17,  1918,  he  volunteered  to  protect  a photographic  plane 
going  from  the  Marne  back  to  the  Aisne,  some  twenty  miles  behind 
the  German  lines;  his  engine  failed  as  they  started  to  return  and  he 
was  overtaken  by  ah  enemy  plane  and  forced  to  descend.  Lieut. 
MacLure,  who  was  badly  injured,  was  captured  and  taken  to  a 
German  prison  hospital  at  Stuttgart,  Wurtemberg,  wdiere  he  re- 
mained until  Oct.  20,  when  he  was  able  to  be  transferred  to  the 
prison  camp  at  Landshut,  Bavaria.  He  was  sent  from  there  to 
Villingen,  from  which  camp  he  was  liberated  with  other  American 
officers  on  Nov.  29,  1918.  Lieut.  MacLure  was  repeatedly  asked  by 
the  Germans  during  his  imprisonment,  “How  many  Americans  are 
there  in  France?”  And  he  always  replied,  “At  least  five  millions.” 
He  was  returned  through  Switzerland,  and  sailed  from  Brest  in  Feb. 
1919.  He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Mineola,  N.Y.,  early  in 
March,  1919. 


[ 212  ] 


HIRAM  BINGHAM 


Lieutenant-Colonel,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.;  Commanding  Officer 
Third  Aviation  Instruction  Centre,  Issoudun,  France 

Son  of  Rev.  Hiram  Bingham,  D.D.,  and  Clarissa  (Brewster)  Bing- 
ham; was  born  at  Honolulu,  Hawaii,  Nov.  19,  1875.  He  was  educa- 
ted at  Punahou  and  Andover  Academy,  graduated  from  Yale  Col- 
lege with  the  degree  B.A.  in  1898,  took  an  M.A.  at  the  University  of 
California  in  1900,  an  M.A.  at  Harvard  University  in  1901,  and  a 
Ph.D.  at  Harvard  in  1905.  He  received  the  degree  of  Litt.D.  from 
the  University  of  Cusco,  Peru.  He  was  Capt.  of  Headquarters  Co. 
of  the  10th  Militia,  F.A.  (Yale  Batteries),  from  June  to  Oct.,  1916; 
at  Tobyhanna  from  July  to  Sept.,  1916. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  on  May  3, 
1917,  from  New  Haven,  Conn.  He  was  trained  at  the  Curtiss  Flying 
School,  Miami,  Fla.,  in  March  and  April,  and  passed  his  brevet 
test  on  April  30,  1917,  when  he  was  stationed  at  Washington,  D.C., 
in  charge  of  all  ground  schools,  from  May  to  Nov.,  1917.  He  took 
his  R.M.A.  at  Mineola  in  Aug.,  1917.  From  Nov.,  1917,  until 
March,  1918,  he  was  in  charge  of  the  Air  Personnel.  He  was  then 
ordered  overseas. 

He  was  in  charge  of  Air  Personnel  at  Tours,  France,  from  April 
to  Aug.,  1918.  During  this  time  he  made  one  trip  to  the  front  on 
a tour  of  inspection  to  the  1st  Pursuit  Group,  the  1st  Observation 
Group,  and  the  1st  Balloon  Co.,  during  the  battle  of  Epieds,  north 
of  Chateau-Thierry,  July  23  and  24,  1918.  He  was  subsequently 
transferred  to  the  3d  A.I.C.,  at  Issoudun,  France,  where  he  was 
Commanding  Officer  from  Aug.  27  to  Dec.  26,  1918.  During  this 
time  he  flew  Nieuport  23’s  and  Auros.  At  the  termination  of  his 
command  at  Issoudun,  Lieut.-Col.  Bingham  received  the  follow- 
ing letter  from  the  Chief  of  the  Air  Service  of  the  A.E.F. : 


Lieutenant-Colonel  Hiram  Bingham  December  17,  1918 

Commanding  Officer 
Issoudun 

My  dear  Colonel  Bingham  : 

As  the  school  at  Issoudun  is  about  to  close  you  will  soon  be  relieved 
from  your  present  duty  as  its  Commanding  Officer  and  returned  to  the 
United  States.  Before  your  departure  I desire  to  place  on  record  my 
hearty  appreciation  of  the  excellent  work  you  did  while  in  command  of 

[ 214  ] 


HIRAM  BINGHAM 


this,  our  largest  training-centre  in  France.  The  results  achieved  speak  for 
themselves  and  evidence  the  interest  you  took  in  your  work  and  your 
power  to  inspire  those  who  were  working  with  you. 

May  I add  that  I was  just  about  to  recommend  your  promotion  when 
the  Armistice  came  and  all  advancement  was  stopped.  While  it  was  thus 
impossible  to  bestow  upon  you  this  well  earned  evidence  of  work  well 
done,  I want  you  to  be  assured  that  in  my  opinion  it  was  your  due. 

Very  truly  yours 

(Signed)  Mason  M.  Patrick 

Major-General,  U.S.A. 

Chief  of  the  Air  Service 

Col.  Bingham  returned  to  the  U.S.,  and  from  Jan.  to  March, 
1919,  was  stationed  in  Washington,  D.C.,  where  he  was  honorably 
discharged,  March  8,  1919. 

He  was  commissioned  Capt.,  F.A.,  July  3,  1916.  He  was  made 
Major,  A.S.,  S.O.R.C.,  on  June  6,  1917,  and  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  Lieut.-Col.,  A.S.A.,  on  Oct.  23,  1917. 

Married,  Nov.  20,  1900,  Alfreda  Mitchell.  He  has  seven  sons. 


PHILIP  SIMMONS  YORK 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  James  M.  and  Emily  L.  York;  was  born  at  South  Portland, 
Me.,  May  24,  189,1.  He  was  educated  at  the  Mt.  Herman  School, 
and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1918.  He  trained  with  the  Harvard 
R.O.T.C.,  and  was  a member  of  Troop  A,  Cavalry,  M.V.M.  He 
attended  the  First  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  and 
enlisted  there,  May  14,  1917.  In  July,  1917,  he  transferred  to  the 
Aviation  Section,  and  from  Oct.  to  Dec.,  1917,  trained  at  the 
M.I.T.;  from  there  he  went  to  Cornell  University,  completing  the 
course  Jan.  19, 1918,  when  he  was  sent  to  Ellington  Field,  Houston, 
Tex.,  Jan.  to  May.  He  trained  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Call  Field, 
Wichita  Falls,  Tex.,  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Fort  Sill,  Okla.,  and 
finally  at  Taliaferro  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  where  he  was  sta- 
tioned from  Aug.,  1918,  to  Jan.,  1919.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  R.M.A.,  May  14,  1918.  On  Jan.  19,  1919,  he  was  honor- 
ably discharged  at  Taliaferro  Field. 


[ 215  ] 


HAROLD  COHEN 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Eighty-Fifth  Aero 
Squadron,  Fourth  Observation  Group 

Son  of  Adolph  and  Rachel  Cohen;  was  born  at  Pawtucket,  R.I., 
Sept.  12,  1891.  He  was  educated  at  Phillips  Andover  Academy; 
Sheffield  Scientific  School,  Yale;  and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of 
Technology. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  on  June  15,  1917;  and  attended 
the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  from  June  to  Aug.,  1917,  when  he  was 
sent  to  the  Flying  School  at  Belleville,  111.,  in  the  first  Squadron 
there  trained.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  Dec.  12,  1917,  and 
sailed  overseas,  to  France.  He  trained  at  Issoudun  from  Feb. 
to  July;  was  attached  to  the  85th  Aero  Squadron  at  St.-Jean-des- 
Monts,  Hill  402,  in  Sept,  and  Oct.,  1918;  at  Toul  Aerodrome  from 
Oct.,  1918,  to  Jan.,  1919.  On  Sept.  15,  1918,  he  made  his  first  flight 
alone.  He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  on 
Feb.  21,  1919. 

Lieut.  Cohen  was  the  originator  of  the  “Soldiers  and  Sailors 
Day”  idea,  which  was  carried  out  on  July  4,  1918.  On  the  stated 
day  every  one  in  Rhode  Island  was,  at  the  request  of  the  Governor, 
expected  to  write  to  friends  in  service  overseas.  (Portrait  on  op- 
posite page.) 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Dr.  Bernhard  Cohen,  Lieut,  (j.g.),  U.S.  Navy. 


CHARLES  E.  LITTLE 

Sergeant,  A.S.,  U.S. A. 

Son  of  Charles  H.  and  Catherine  H.  (Wilson)  Little;  was  born  at 
Melrose,  Mass.,  Jan.  6,  1896.  He  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Melrose,  and  entered  the  M.I.T.,  class  of  1919,  leaving  at  the 
end  of  his  junior  year.  He  enlisted  on  Dec.  8,  1917,  and  trained  at 
the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  at  Princeton,  N.J.,  and  at  Chanute 
Field,  Rantoul,  111.,  where  he  was  appointed  Sergeant.  He  sailed 
overseas  in  July,  1918,  and  was  stationed  near  Dover,  Eng.,  until 
after  the  signing  of  the  Armistice.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  on  Dec. 
3,  1918,  and  was  honorably  discharged. 

[ 216  ] 


WINTHROP  WIIEELER  SPENCER 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Two  Hundred  Twenty-Second 
Aero  Squadron;  One  Hundred  Fourth  Aero 
Squadron,  First  Observation  Group 

Son  of  Charles  W.  and  Ethel  M.  (Wheeler)  Spencer;  was  born  at 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  Jan.  29,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Cambridge 
Latin  School,  the  Noble  and  Greenough  School,  and  at  Harvard 
College,  class  of  1918. 

Previous  to  entering  the  Air  Service,  he  served  for  two  years  in 
the  8th  Mass.  Reg’t,  N.G.,  and  attended  the  First  Officer’s  Training 
Camp  at  Plattsburg. 

He  enlisted  on  May  12,  1917,  at  Boston,  and  had  preliminary 
training  at  Self  ridge  Field,  Mt.  Clemens,  Mich.  During  Oct.,  1917, 
he  was  stationed  at  Mineola,  N.  Y.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut., 
Oct.  5,  1917,  and  was  ordered  overseas  on  Nov.  2,  1917,  attached  to 
the  104th  Aero  Squadron.  On  reaching  England  he  was  transferred 
to  the  Royal  Flying  Corps,  and  from  Dec.,  1917,  to  Aug.,  1918, 
trained  at  Yatesbury  and  Salisbury,  England.  From  May  to  Aug., 
1918,  he  was  attached  to  the  Staff,  S.W.  Area,  R.A.F.  He  acted  as 
a test  pilot  at  No.  5 A.A.P.,  Bristol.  He  left  England  for  France  at- 
tached to  the  222d  Aero  Pursuit  Squadron,  and  in  Sept.,  Oct.,  and 
Nov.  was  in  active  service  in  the  Toul  sector. 

Lieut.  Spencer  was  recommended  for  promotion  to  Capt.  by  the 
Commanding  Officer  of  the  1st  Air  Depot,  France,  on  Jan.  2,  1919. 
He  returned  to  the  U.S.  in  the  spring  of  1919;  was  honorably  dis- 
charged from  the  Service,  and  is  now  engaged  in  business  in  South 
America. 

Married,  Nov.  12,  1917,  Henrietta  Brooks  Faxon. 


[ 218  ] 


* C ARLTON  MERRILL  BLISS 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Ninety-Second  Aero 
Squadron 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  Nov.  14,  1918 

Son  of  Francis  Walker  and  Lina  (Coe)  Bliss;  was  born  at  Attle- 
boro, Mass.,  June  9,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  the  Attleboro  High 
School,  and  at  Colby  and  Brown  Universities.  At  school  he  played 
on  the  baseball  team,  track,  and  football  teams;  he  was  two  years 
captain  of  basket-ball,  the  last  year  winning  sixteen  out  of  seven- 
teen games  played  by  the  school.  At  Colby  he  played  one  year  on 
the  football  team. 

On  May  12,  1917,  he  attended  the  Officers’  Training  Camp  at 
Plattsburg.  From  there  he  was  assigned  to  the  Ground  School,  at 
the  M.I.T.,  graduating  Dec.  22,  1917.  On  Jan.  2,  1918,  he  was  sent 
to  the  Flying  School  at  Kelly  Field,  Tex.;  and  on  March  9,  1918, 
he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  the  Aviation  Service.  He  com- 
pleted his  course  at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  where  in  Aug. 
he  received  his  overseas  orders,  sailing  Sept.  2,  1918. 

On  Nov.  14,  1918,  Lieut.  Bliss  was  killed  while  instructing  a 
pupil,  at  Ford  Junction  Airdrome,  Sussex,  Eng.  He  was  buried  at 
Morn  Hill  Cemetery,  Winchester,  Eng. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Earle  F.  Bliss,  Capt.,  331st  Reg’t,  F.A.;  served  with  the  86th 
Division. 


[ 220  ] 


HAROLD  TOWLE  HAMBLETON 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  William  G.  and  Harriet  (Towle)  Hambleton,  of  West  New- 
ton, Mass.;  was  born  at  Plympton,  Mass.,  June  11,  1894.  He  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Newton,  and  at  Boston  Univer- 
sity. He  left  college  after  three  years,  to  enter  the  theatrical  pro- 
fession, in  which  he  continued  until  his  entry  into  the  U.S.  Service. 

He  enlisted  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  in  May,  1917,  and  began  his 
training  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School.  In  Nov.,  1917,  he  sailed  over- 
seas and  completed  his  training  at  Tours,  Gondrecourt,  and  at 
Cazaux,  France.  On  May  16,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut, 
and  saw  active  service  on  the  western  front  until  July,  1918.  From 
July  until  the  signing  of  the  Armistice,  Lieut.  Hambleton  was 
Instructor  in  Aerial  Gunnery  at  the  French  Aviation  School  at 
Cazaux.  He  was  bre vetted  by  the  French  Government,  and  made 
an  honorary  member  of  the  Aero  Club  of  France.  He  returned  to 
the  U.S.,  and  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  on 
Feb.  12,  1919. 

Married,  March  26,  1919,  Marion  S.  Bowen. 


[ 222  ] 


r 


STEDMAN  HANKS 


Major,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Commanding  Officer,  Air  Service 
Concentration  Brigade 

Son  of  Charles  Stedman  and  Clarina  Bartow  (Shumway)  Hanks; 
was  born  at  Manchester,  Mass.,  July  17,  1889.  He  was  educated  at 
Groton  School,  Groton,  Mass.,  and  at  Harvard  College,  A.B.  1912. 
He  played  on  his  class  baseball  team,  and  was  a member  of  the 
’Varsity  track  team. 

Prior  to  the  declaration  of  war  he  trained  as  civilian  aviator,  and 
received  Pilot’s  certificate  from  the  Aero  Club  of  America,  Aug.  16, 
1916;  he  had  preliminary  training  at  Governors  Island,  and  at 
Mineola,  N.Y.  He  enlisted  May  26,  1917,  at  New  York  City,  and 
was  commissioned  Captain,  Signal  Officers’  Reserve  Corps,  May  26, 
1917.  He  served  as  Aide  to  Maj.- General  Geo.  O.  Squier,  Chief  Sig- 
nal Officer,  War  Department,  and  subsequently,  as  Liaison  Officer 
for  Air  Service  with  French,  British,  and  Italian  Aviation  Missions. 
On  Aug.  15,  1917,  he  was  promoted  to  grade  of  Major,  U.S.A., 
and  later  transferred  to  A.S.M.A.  On  Jan.  11,  1918,  he  passed  his 
R.M.A.  tests,  at  San  Diego,  Cal.,  where  he  was  Commanding 
Officer  of  the  18th  Aero  Squadron.  Major  Hanks  inspected  many 
aviation  fields,  both  by  aeroplane  and  with  Gen.  Squier;  was 
Commanding  Officer  of  2d  Wing,  Concentration  Brigade,  Aug.  19, 
1918;  commanded  Concentration  Brigade,  Aug.  30,  1918,  and  was 
officer  in  charge  of  review  of  6000  troops,  Air  Service.  He  was  also 
President  of  Special  Court-Martial;  and  officer  in  charge  of  de- 
mobilization of  Air  Service,  at  Kelly  Field,  Tex.,  where  he  was  dis- 
charged under  special  orders  from  the  War  Department,  Jan.  7, 
1919. 

Married,  Feb.  11,  1919,  Margery  Hancock. 

Relatives  in  Service  — 

Seven  cousins  in  Army:  2 Major-Generals;  2 Colonels;  1 Lieut.- 
Colonel  (flying  status);  1 Captain;  1 Lieutenant,  killed  in 
action. 


[ 224  ] 


RAY  A.  BARNES 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  A.  Barnes,  of  Whiting,  Vt. ; was  born  at  New 
York  City,  Aug.  10,  1888.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools, 
and  at  Bryant  and  Stratton  Business  College,  Boston. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston  on  July  19,  1917,  and  received  his  ground 
and  flying  training  at  Mineola,  N.Y.,  Lake  Charles,  La.,  and  Elling- 
ton Field,  Houston,  Tex.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  Dec.  20, 
1917,  and  has  been  recommended  for  promotion  several  times. 
While  in  flying  service  he  acted  in  several  capacities;  was  Officer  in 
Charge  of  Officers’  Club,  at  Gerstner  Field,  for  nearly  eight  months; 
was  Mess  Officer,  Cadet  Mess  Officer,  and  Tactical  Officer  for  Ca- 
dets, at  Gerstner  Field.  At  this  station  he  was  on  the  overseas  list 
at  the  time  of  the  big  storm  that  nearly  wrecked  the  field.  The  Com- 
manding Officer  removed  Lieut.  Barnes  from  the  overseas  list  to 
help  reconstruct  the  field.  He  had  charge  also  of  all  transportation 
to  town,  during  the  influenza  epidemic  in  the  fall  of  1918,  and  of 
food  supplies  at  Gerstner  Field. 

Lieut.  Barnes  was  at  last  accounts  still  in  service  at  Ellington 
Field,  Houston,  Tex. 


[ 226  ] 


ralph  d.  McLaughlin 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  C.O.  Six  Hundred 
Thirty-Seventh  Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  John  Joseph  and  Annie  Agnes  (Brennan)  McLaughlin;  was 
born  at  Worcester,  Mass.,  July  22,  1893.  He  prepared  for  college 
at  St.  John’s  High  School,  Worcester,  and  attended  Holy  Cross  for 
three  years. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston  on  June  26,  1917.  He  attended  the  Ground 
School  of  the  Univ.  of  Texas,  graduating  in  Sept.;  he  continued  his 
training  at  Rockwell  Field,  Sept.  22  to  Dec.  12,  and  at  Kelly 
Field,  Dec.  15  to  Jan.  6,  when  the  school  was  discontinued.  He 
served  as  Barracks  Officer,  S.M.A.,  at  Georgia  Tech.,  Atlanta,  Ga., 
and  was  subsequently  assigned  to  the  83d  Aero  Squadron  at 
Rantoul,  111.  After  graduating  from  the  Armament  and  Gunnery 
School  at  Fairfield,  O.,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  Feb., 
1918.  He  sailed  overseas  in  June,  1918. 

From  June  15, 1918,  to  Jan.  22, 1919,  he  was  at  the  1st  Air  Depot, 
and  C.O.  637th  Aero  Squadron.  Though  ordered  to  finish  training 
as  gunner  and  bomber  on  Aug.  3,  1918,  Lieut.  McLaughlin  could 
not  be  spared  from  his  duties  as  C.O.,  on  account  of  the  scarcity 
of  Officers.  When  relieved  from  flying,  he  served  for  some  time  as 
Instructor  in  Engines  at  San  Diego,  Cal. 


[ 227  ] 


JOHN  HOPKINSON  BAKER 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Commanding  Officer,  Third 
Aero  Squadron,  Fort  Sill,  Oklahoma 

Son  of  George  Pierce  and  Christina  (Hopkinson)  Baker;  was  born 
at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  June  30,  1894.  He  was  educated  in  the  Cam- 
bridge public  schools,  and  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1915. 
At  school  he  played  on  the  hockey  team  and  rowed  on  the  crew;  at 
college  he  was  on  the  soccer  team. 

He  enlisted  on  April  23,  1917,  at  Washington,  D.C.  He  was 
trained  for  Aviation  at  Mineola,  N.Y.,  and  was  commissioned  1st 
Lieut,  on  July  30,  1917.  At  different  periods  he  acted  as  instructor 
in  flying,  liaison  with  artillery,  liaison  with  infantry,  and  aerial 
gunnery,  at  Mt.  Clemens  and  Fort  Sill.  He  was  Commanding  Officer 
of  the  3d  Aero  Squadron,  Fort  Sill,  Okla;  went  overseas  in  Aug., 
1918,  and  was  officer  in  charge  of  Field  1,  for  Biplace  Machines, 
at  the  Aerial  Gunnery  School  St.-Jean-des-Monts,  Vendee,  France, 
He  returned  to  the  U.S.  and  was  honorably  discharged. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Edwin  O.  Baker,  Assistant  Paymaster,  U.S.N. 

Myles  P.  Baker,  Harvard  R.O.T.C. 


[ 223  ] 


PHILIP  L.  CARRET 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  James  R.  and  Hannah  T.  Garret,  of  Cambridge,  Mass.; 
was  born  on  Nov.  29,  1896,  at  Lynn,  Mass.  lie  was  educated  at  the 
Cambridge  High  and  Latin  School,  and  at  Harvard  College,  grad- 
uating in  1917,  A.B.  cum  laude.  He  completed  one  year  at  Harvard 
Graduate  School  of  Business  Administration  during  his  senior  year 
at  college. 

He  trained  with  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.,  Feb.  1 to  July  7,  1917, 
and  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service,  July  7,  1917.  He  attended  the 
M.I.T.  Ground  School  for  eight  weeks,  to  Oct.  6,  1917,  and  sailed 
overseas  on  Oct.  26.  He  trained  in  flying  at  Tours  and  Issoudun; 
and  had  three  weeks  at  the  Gunnery  School  at  Cazaux.  On  May  13, 
1918,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  Having  completed  the  full 
course  of  training  for  an  Aviator,  and  having  passed  all  tests  for 
Chasse  Pilot,  he  was  sent  to  the  front,  5th  Air  Depot,  on  Sept.  19, 
1918,  and  was  engaged  in  ferrying  planes  (binets)  until  Oct.  20, 
1918.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.,  and  at  his  request  he  was  honorably 
discharged  on  March  5,  1919,  at  Garden  City,  N.Y. 


[ 230  ] 


WILLARD  PERRIN  FULLER 

Captain,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

He  graduated  from  the  Milton  High  School,  Milton,  Mass.,  in 
1906,  and  from  Harvard  College  in  1910.  On  Sept.  12,  1917,  he 
was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  Aviation  Section,  Signal  Reserve 
Corps.  He  was  on  duty,  Personnel  Section,  Air  Service,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.C.,  and  was  promoted  to  Capt.,  Signal  Corps,  Regular 
Army  (temp.),  Feb.  19,  1918.  On  May  27,  1918,  he  was  appointed 
Executive  Officer  at  Mather  Aviation  School,  Sacramento,  Cal., 
and  was  stationed  there  until  Nov.  1,  1918.  Reserve  Military  Avi- 
ator, Oct.  28,  1918.  He  was  appointed  Assistant  Executive  Officer, 
on  flying  duty,  at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  serving  from 
Nov.  4 to  Dec.  5,  1918.  On  Dec.  12,  1918,  he  was  chosen  to  serve 
on  Peace  Organization  Committee  for  the  Air  Service,  at  Wash- 
ington,  D.C.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


LAURENCE  L.  SHEA 

Second  Lieutenant,  U.S.  Marine  Corps,  Squadron  9 
Northern  Bombing  Group 

Son  of  John  F.  and  Mary  A.  (Sullivan)  Shea,  of  Somerville,  Mass.; 
was  born  at  Springfield,  Mass.,  Nov.  25,  1896.  He  was  educated  at 
the  Somerville  High  School  and  at  Boston  College. 

He  went  to  the  Mexican  Border  with  the  National  Guard  in 
1916,  and  served  with  that  body  until  his  transfer  to  Naval  Avi- 
ation in  July,  1917.  He  was  assigned  to  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T., 
in  Oct.,  and  on  graduation,  Nov.  20,  was  sent  to  Hampton  Roads, 
Va.,  where  he  remained  until  Jan.  1,  1918.  He  was  then  ordered  to 
Pensacola,  Fla.,  where  he  qualified  as  Naval  Aviator.  On  May  5, 
1918,  he  was  transferred  to  Miami,  Fla.,  where  he  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  U.S.  Marine  Corps,  June  1,  1918.  He  sailed 
overseas  July  1,  and  saw  active  service  with  the  British  First  Army 
from  Aug.,  1918,  to  the  close  of  the  war.  He  was  attached  to 
Squadron  9 of  the  Northern  Bombing  Group,  operating  in  Flanders. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Joseph  A.  Shea,  Sergeant-Major,  1st  Division,  A.E.F. 

Edwin  P.  Shea,  Private,  Base  Hospital  7,  A.E.F. 

[ 232  ] 


MELVIN  W.  COLE 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Fourth  Aero 
Squadron,  Fifth  Corps,  Observation  Group 

Son  of  William  S.  and  Mary  A.  (Wilson)  Cole;  was  born  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  Feb.  28,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  the  Boston  Latin  School 
and  at  Harvard  University. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston  in  Aug.,  1917,  and  was  sent  to  M.I.T. 
Ground  School,  graduating  with  the  class  of  Oct.  13,  1917.  He  sailed 
overseas,  and  trained  at  Issoudun,  France,  3d  A.I.C.,  from  Nov., 
1917,  till  March,  1918;  he  was  attached  to  the  2d  A.I.C.  at  Tours, 
France,  from  March  until  June,  1918,  and  was  commissioned  1st 
Lieut,  on  May  18,  1918.  Lieut.  Cole  was  again  at  Issoudun  from 
June  till  July,  1918,  and  again  at  Tours  2d  A.I.C.  in  July  and  Aug. 
From  Sept.  7,  1918,  until  Dec.  31,  1918,  he  was  attached  to  the  104th 
Aero  Squadron,  5th  Observation  Group. 

Returning  to  America,  Lieut.  Cole  was  discharged  at  Garden 
City,  N.Y.,  on  Feb.  19,  1919. 


[ 234  ] 


GARDINER  FRANK  GREENE 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Frank  Eugene  and  Mary  A.  Greene,  of  Monson,  Mass.;  was 
born  Nov.  10,  1884.  He  was  educated  at  the  Volkmann  School, 
Brookline,  Mass.,  and  at  Harvard  College,  graduating  A.B.  1907. 
He  pitched  on  the  ’Varsity  baseball  team. 

He  enlisted  on  June  17,  1917,  and  attended  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School  from  June  17  to  Aug.  11,  1917.  He  went  for  further  training 
to  the  Flying  School  at  Mt.  Clemens,  Mich.;  to  Mineola,  N.Y.;  and 
to  Kelly  Field,  Texas.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  Jan.  3,  1918, 
and  in  Feb.  sailed  overseas.  On  July  25,  1918,  he  graduated  at 
the  3d  Aviation  Instruction  Centre,  Issoudun,  France.  At  Orly 
he  acted  as  Ferry  Pilot  and  was  in  charge  of  testing  machines. 

Married,  Sept.  10,  1910,  Gladys  Gibbs;  has  one  child,  Gardiner 
Gibbs  Greene,  born  Sept.  16,  1914. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Robert  R.  Greene,  Sergeant-Major,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 


[ 236  ] 


DUNCAN  DANA 

Captain,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Thirty-Second  Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Paul  Dana;  was  born  Nov.  17,  1892,  at  New 
York,  N.Y.  Pie  was  educated  at  Groton  School,  Groton,  Mass., 
and  at  Harvard  College,  graduating  in  1914.  He  played  end  on  the 
’Varsity  football  team  in  1914-15. 

He  was  a member  of  Battery  A,  M.V.M.,  in  1912  and  1913.  He 
enlisted  on  July  10,  1917,  and  received  preliminary  training  at  the 
M.I.T.  Ground  School.  He  sailed  overseas  on  Oct.  26,  1917.  He 
was  stationed  at  Issoudun  for  the  remainder  of  the  war  as  com- 
manding officer  in  charge  of  the  shop  for  repairing,  testing,  and 
improving  planes.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  May  16,  1918; 
Capt.,  on  Sept.  30,  1918,  32d  Aero  Squadron.  He  is  still  in  Service. 
Married,  June  10,  1916. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Anderson  Dana,  Capt.,  Battery  A,  305th  Reg’t. 


[ 238  ] 


EDWIN  THAYER  MacBRIDE 
First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Edwin  Ply mp ton  and  Carrie  (Thayer)  MacBride,  of  South 
Weymouth,  Mass.;  was  born  at  South  Weymouth,  June  11,  1893. 
He  was  educated  at  Chauncy  Hall  School,  and  at  the  M.I.T. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.,  May,  1917.  He  was 
trained  at  the  Cornell  Ground  School  for  two  months  prior  to 
going  overseas.  He  was  assigned  to  the  3d  A.I.C.  at  Issoudun, 
where  he  remained  for  a year  and  three  months.  He  was  com- 
missioned 1st  Lieut.,  May  16,  1918,  and  served  as  Staff  Officer 
and  Flying  Officer  at  Issoudun,  France.  (Portrait  on  opposite 
page.) 


ADOLPH  A.  KUEHL 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Adolph  Alexander  and  Louise  Marie  (Pinkert)  Kuehl;  was 
born  at  Medford,  Mass.,  June  29,  1894.  He  graduated  from  the 
Medford  High  School  and  from  the  electrical  engineering  course 
at  Northeastern  College.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  Nov.  8,  1917,  and  received  his  ground  school  training  at 
M.I.T.  and  at  Princeton  University.  He  was  then  transferred  to 
Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  to  Concentration  Camp,  and  thence  to 
the  flying  field  at  Taliaferro  Field,  Hicks,  Tex.  He  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut,  at  Barron  Field,  Everman,  Tex.,  on  June  22, 
1918,  and  began  instructing  there.  After  reassignment  to  Camp 
Dick,  he  was  ordered  to  Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss.,  and 
finally  to  Love  Field,  Dallas,  Tex.,  where  he  was  honorably  dis- 
charged, Dec.  13,  1918. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Herman  A.  Kuehl;  served  at  the  Mexican  Border. 

Otto  E.  Kuehl,  Supply  Co.  334,  Q.M.C.,  Army  of  Occupation. 


[ 240  ] 


LEON  P.  TUCK 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Whitfield  L.  and  Susan  E.  Tuck;  was  born  at  Winchester, 
Mass.,  May  25,  1891.  He  was  educated  in  the  Winchester  public 
schools,  and  at  Dartmouth  College,  B.S.  1915.  He  played  football 
and  hockey  at  school  and  college. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  on  May  2,  1917,  attended  the  First 
R.O.T.C.  at  Sackett’s  Harbor,  and  the  Cornell  Ground  School. 
Receiving  overseas  orders,  he  sailed  for  France  in  Oct.,  1917,  and 
had  flying  training  at  the  3d  A.I.C.  and  at  A.A.A.P.  No.  1,  in 
France. 

In  May,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  and  up  to 
Nov.  10  was  on  duty  taking  planes  from  England  to  the  front. 
After  the  signing  of  the  Armistice  he  was  ordered  back  to  Amer- 
ica and  was  honorably  discharged  at  Camp  Devens,  Mass.,  on 
May  28,  1919.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


' ROBERT  WHITNEY 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  C.  Whitney,  of  Lexington,  Mass.;  was 
born  Dec.  8,  1895.  He  enlisted  in  the  American  Ambulance  Field 
Service  and  sailed  for  France  June  9,  1917.  He  served  until  Oct.  1, 
1917,  when  he  transferred  to  the  U.S.  Aviation  Service,  in  France. 
He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  in  June,  1918,  and  continued  in 
the  Aviation  Service  in  France  until  after  the  signing  of  the 
Armistice. 


[ 242  ] 


EVERETT  PRESTON  WELCH 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Martin  L.  and  Margaret  (Arnold)  Welch,  of  Gloucester, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Salem,  Mass.,  on  Feb.  10,  1891.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Gloucester  High  School  and  at  St.  John’s  Preparatory 
School,  Danvers,  Mass.  At  school  he  was  a member  of  the  football, 
baseball,  and  basket-ball  teams. 

He  enlisted  in  Aug.,  1917,  and  was  trained  at  Pensacola,  Fla.; 
at  Miami,  and  at  M.I.T.  He  sailed  overseas  and  continued  his 
training  at  various  stations  in  France  and  England.  On  Aug.  13, 
1918,  he  was  commissioned  Ensign;  and  was  still  in  Service  at  the 
U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Chatham,  Mass.,  at  last  accounts.  (Por- 
trait on  opposite  page.) 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Martin  L.  Welch,  Private,  U.S.  Marine  Corps;  killed  in  action 
at  Belleau  Wood,  France,  June  13,  1918. 


ISIDOR  RICHMOND 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Hyman  and  Lena  (Tanzer)  Richmond;  was  bom  at  Chelsea, 
Mass.,  Dec.  2,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  the  Revere  High  School 
and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology,  from  which  he  graduated 
in  1916.  He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.  at  Boston,  Mass.,  July  24, 
1917.  From  July  24  to  Nov.,  1917,  he  was  held  at  the  Boston  Navy 
Yard,  and  from  Feb.  18  to  May  1,  1918,  he  was  trained  with  the 
Naval  Aviation  Detachment  at  the  M.I.T.  He  was  then  sent  to 
the  Naval  Air  Station  at  Pensacola,  Fla.,  where  he  remained  for 
flight  training  from  May  4 to  Aug.  17,  1918.  He  was  transferred  to 
the  Naval  Air  Station,  Chatham,  Mass.,  for  patrol  and  convoy 
duty,  Aug.  20,  1918.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  Aug.  6,  1918. 


[ 244  ] 


CHARLES  RICHARD  STEEDMAN 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Charles  John  and  Mary  B.  (Lippitt)  Steedman,  of  Prov- 
idence, R.I.;  was  born  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  July  31,  1897.  He 
was  educated  at  St.  Mark’s  School,  Southboro,  Mass.,  and  Har- 
vard College,  class  of  1920.  He  attended  the  2d  Officers’  Training 
Camp  at  Plattsburg,  in  July,  1916,  and  trained  with  the  Harvard 
R.O.T.C.  from  May  8 to  Aug.  15,  1917.  He  enlisted  in  the  Aviation 
Service  on  Sept.  18,  1917,  at  M.I.T.,  Cambridge,  Mass.  He  attended 
the  Ground  School  at  Princeton,  N.J.,  graduating  with  honor, 
Feb.  9,  1918,  and  was  then  sent  successively  to  Camp  Dick, 
Dallas,  Tex.,  and  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.  He  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  on  June  5,  1918,  and  transferred  to 
Camp  Dick  on  June  10;  to  Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Mississippi, 
on  July  25.  He  was  transferred  to  Air  Service  Depot,  Garden  City, 
N.Y.,  on  Oct.  3,  1918,  for  overseas  duty;  but  the  Armistice  in- 
tervened. He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y., 
on  Dec.  11,  1918,  and  returned  to  Harvard  College  to  finish  his 
course. 


[ 246  ] 


FREDERICK  II.  WARNER,  Jr. 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Frederick  H.  and  Eleanor  (Skinner)  Warner;  was  born  at 
Boston  in  1885.  He  was  educated  at  the  Volkmann  School,  Boston, 
and  graduated  from  Harvard  College,  A.B.  1907.  He  trained  with 
the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.  in  1917,  and  attended  the  2d  Plattsburg 
Training  Camp  in  1917,  where  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut, 
on  Nov.  28,  1917.  He  was  assigned  to  the  Aviation  Corps,  Uni- 
versity of  Illinois;  was  transferred  to  Columbus,  Ohio;  then  to 
Waco,  Tex.;  and  later  to  Camp  Greene,  Charlotte,  N.C.,  remain- 
ing about  three  months  in  each  place.  He  was  next  transferred 
to  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  for  a short  time,  then  assigned  as  Instructor 
in  the  Students’  Army  Training  Corps,  LTniversity  of  New  York. 
(Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


PAUL  EDWIN  FENTON 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred 
Twenty-Ninth  Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Edwin  Wilbur  Fenton;  was  born  at  Thomas- 
ton,  Conn.,  Jan.  23,  1895.  He  graduated  from  the  Thomaston 
High  School,  and  from  Trinity  College,  class  of  1917.  On  Nov.  10, 

1917,  he  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  and  after  completing  the  ground 
courses  at  M.I.T.,  and  at  Princeton  University,  he  was  ordered  to 
Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.  He  was  transferred  to  Scott  Field,  Belle- 
ville, 111.,  where  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  June  15, 

1918,  and  passed  his  R.M.A.  flying  tests.  After  further  training  at 
Brooks  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  he  acted  as  Flying  Instructor  at 
Taylor  Field,  Ala.,  from  Aug.  to  Dec.,  1918.  He  was  honorably  dis- 
charged at  Taylor  Field,  Montgomery,  Ala.,  Dec.  16,  1918. 


[ 248  ] 


JUNIUS  ALEXANDER  RICHARDS 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Ninth  Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Reuben  Francis  Richards  (deceased)  and  Maria  Louisa 
Alexander  (now  Mrs.  Charles  Frost  Aldrich);  was  born  at  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  Oct.  7,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Mark’s  School, 
Southboro,  Mass.,  graduating  in  1911,  and  at  Harvard  College, 
graduating  in  1915.  At  St.  Mark’s  he  played  on  the  football  team. 
At  Harvard  he  was  one  of  the  authors  of  the  1915  Hasty  Pudding 
play.  He  was  a member  of  the  1st  Corps  of  Cadets,  M.V.M.,  1911- 
14;  served  with  them  on  strike  duty  in  Lawrence,  Mass.,  in  1911. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service,  on  April  16,  1917,  and 
trained  in  the  first  Government  Aviation  class  at  Mineola,  N.Y. 
On  July  16,  1917,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  (R.M.A.), 
A.S.S.R.C.,  and  stationed  as  Instructor  and  Supply  Officer,  9th 
Aero  Squadron,  at  Selfridge  Field,  Mt.  Clemens,  Mich.  On 
Nov.  20,  1917,  he  sailed  for  England,  where  he  organized  and  com- 
manded two  American  Aviation  sections  of  several  squadrons  each, 
serving  in  conjunction  with  the  Royal  Air  Force;  at  Grantham 
and  Spittlegate.  After  five  months  of  service  at  these  fields,  he  was 
transferred  to  the  American  Air  Service  Headquarters,  at  London, 
in  charge  of  the  technical  training  of  all  enlisted  men  in  the  Amer- 
ican Army  Air  Service  in  Great  Britain.  In  July,  1918,  Lieut. 
Richards  was  ordered  to  Scotland  to  command  all  American  Army 
Aviation  units  there;  squadrons  being  trained  under  his  direction 
for  service  at  the  front.  He  was  three  times  recommended  for  pro- 
motion to  a Captaincy,  but  the  promotion  did  not  go  through.  He 
was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  Dec.  28,  1918. 

Recommendation  for  Promotion  by  Major  Fitzgerald 

Headquarters  Base  Section  3,  Service  of  Supply,  A.E.F. 

London,  March  27,  1018 

This  is  to  certify  that  1st  Lieut.  J.  A.  Richards,  Sig.  R.C.,  A.S.,  is  now 
on  duty  in  charge  of  several  squadrons  of  the  U.S.  Aviation  Section, 
Signal  Corps,  at  Spittlegate,  Grantham,  Eng.  This  officer  has  been  under 
my  personal  observation  since  September,  1917.  He  has  given  every  satis- 
faction, is  a fine  disciplinarian,  and  has  his  command  under  excellent 
control.  He  gets  along  exceptionally  well  with  the  British  authorities,  and 
it  is  my  belief  that  he  should  be  promoted. 

I,  therefore,  take  great  pleasure  in  recommending  that  1st  Lieut. 
J.  A.  Richards,  Sig.  R.C.,  A.S.,  be  promoted  to  Captain,  Sig.  R.C.,  A.S., 
believing  that  such  promotion  will  be  for  the  best  interests  of  the  Service. 

[ 250  1 


JUNIUS  ALEXANDER  RICHARDS 


Commendations 

To  Officer  Commanding  2\th  Wing,  R.A.F. 

Spittlegate,  May  11,  1918 

I have  the  honour  to  bring  to  your  notice  the  assistance  I have  had 
from  Lieut.  J.  A.  Richards,  U.S.A.,  Aviation  Section,  from  the  date  I 
took  over  this  Squadron. 

Owing  to  his  ready  cooperation  and  tact,  difficulties  incident  to  the 
amalgamation  of  British  and  American  Sections  have  been  successfully 
overcome. 

I have  never  had  occasion  to  take  disciplinary  action  against  any  of  the 
N.C.O.’s  or  men  under  his  administration. 

(Signed)  H.  S.  Lees-Smith,  Captain 
Commanding  No.  37  T.S. 

Royal  Flying  Corps 

Headquarters,  24th  Wing,  R.A.F. 
Grantham,  May  14,  1918 

Dear  Colonel  Morrow  : 

Lieut.  Richards  has  left  my  Wing  to  report  at  your  Headquarters, 
and  I wish  to  express  to  you  how  much  I and  everybody  have  appreciated 
his  services. 

As  you  know  four  Squadrons  and  a Flight  of  Americans  are  in  my  Wing, 
and  to  get  this  party  settled  in,  presented  no  small  task,  yet  it  was  at- 
tained, and  my  thanks  are  in  a great  part  due  to  the  extraordinary  ability 
and  powers  of  cooperation  of  Lieut.  Richards.  I am 

Yours  sincerely 

A.  B.  Burdett 

From  Officers'  Record 

December  4,  1918 

Lieut.  Richards  has  shown  marked  ability  in  the  execution  of  various 
duties  requiring  executive  ability  and  tact  in  connection  with  the  U.S. 
Air  Service  Units  stationed  in  England. 


December  5,  1918 

Lieut.  J.  A.  Richards  has  been  on  duty  under  my  supervision  for  almost 
a year.  He  has  initiative,  energy,  ability,  and  is  an  excellent  leader  of  men. 
As  C.O.  of  a large  post,  he  discharges  his  duties  most  efficiently. 


[ 252  ] 


PAUL  RICE  DOOLIN 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  Doolin;  was  born  at  St.  Albans,  Vt., 
July  24,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Albans  High  School,  at  Phil- 
lips Andover  Academy,  graduating  in  1916,  and  at  Harvard  Col- 
lege, class  of  1920.  On  graduating  from  Andover  he  was  made  a 
member  of  the  Cum  Laude  Society,  and  received  the  John  Harvard 
Scholarship  in  the  first  class  (1917);  Detur  (1917).  At  Phillips 
Academy  he  was  a member  of  the  track  team  in  1916. 

He  attended  the  R.O.T.C.  at  Plattsburg  from  July  5 to  Aug.  8, 
1916,  and  the  R.O.T.C.  at  Harvard  in  April  and  May,  1917.  He 
served  with  the  American  Ambulance  Field  Service  in  France, 
T.M.  526,  from  June  25  to  Oct.  1,  1917,  sailing  with  the  Phillips 
Andover  Unit. 

On  Oct.  1, 1917, he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Army,  at  Jouaignes,  France, 
applying  for  entrance  to  an  Aviation  training  school.  As  the  schools 
were  at  that  time  full,  he  was  not  admitted  until  the  following 
spring,  serving  in  the  meantime  at  Field  Service  Headquarters,  part 
of  the  time  as  interpreter.  On  March  19,  1918,  he  was  transferred 
from  Division  Motor  Transportation  to  the  496th  Aero  Squadron; 
and  assigned  to  Air  Service  Concentration  Barracks  No.  3,  at  St.- 
Maix^nt,  on  March  29,  as  Cadet.  He  attended  the  French  Flying 
School  at  Voves  from  May  29  to  July  22,  and  was  bre vetted  by  the 
French  on  July  21.  He  had  Sopwith  training  at  the  French  School 
in  Avord  from  Aug.  1 to  Sept.  3;  and  Nieuport  training  at  Issoudun, 
until  Dec.  16,  1918.  On  Sept.  25,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  2d 
Lieut.,  dating  from  Aug.  26,  1918.  Lieut.  Doolin’s  training  was  in- 
terrupted for  about  six  weeks  by  ground-glass  poisoning,  followed 
by  influenza.  At  the  time  of  the  Armistice  he  was  just  completing 
his  training  as  a Combat  Aviator. 

Lieut.  Doolin  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y., 
March  27,  1919. 


[ 253  ] 


ERROLD  BANKS  THOMAS 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Frank  Henry  and  Alice  Lucy  (Stearns)  Thomas,  of  Newton, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  Feb.  16,  1893.  lie  graduated 
from  the  Cambridge  Latin  School  in  1912,  and  from  Harvard  Col- 
lege in  1916.  He  was  assistant  manager  of  the  Harvard  Crimson , 
1914-16. 

He  enlisted  on  May  12,  1917,  at  Plattsburg  Barracks,  N.Y.,  in 
the  1st  Provisional  Training  Regiment,  Battery  3.  On  Aug.  14, 
1917,  he  transferred  to  the  Aviation  Section,  Signal  Corps,  and 
entered  active  service  as  Flying  Cadet,  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School.  He  was  assigned  to  Ellington  Field,  Tex.,  where  he  received 
primary  and  advanced  flying  instruction.  He  was  commissioned  2d 
Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  April  6,  1918,  and  classed  as  Bombing  Pilot, 
continuing  his  advanced  training  until  he  received  overseas  orders, 
Aug.  23,  1918.  He  sailed  on  Sept.  8,  and  continued  his  training  in 
England.  Lieut.  Thomas  was  assigned  to  the  92d  Squadron,  at 
Field  1,  Ford  Junction,  Sussex,  for  night  bombing,  and  was  engaged 
in  this  training  at  the  time  of  the  signing  of  the  Armistice.  He  sailed 
for  the  U.S.  on  Dee.  4,  1918,  and  was  honorably  discharged  at 
Mineola,  N.Y.,  Jan.  4,  1919.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 

Married,  Feb.  14,  1919,  Louise  Ames  Smith,  of  Newton  Centre, 
Mass. 


ROYCE  B.  CRIMMIN 

Cadet,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  C.  Hollis  and  Gertrude  Ethel  Crimmin,  of  Bradford,  Mass.; 
was  born  at  Haverhill,  Mass.,  Feb.  9,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Haverhill  High  School,  where  he  played  basket-ball,  and  was  a mem- 
ber of  the  track  team;  and  at  the  Mass.  Agricultural  College,  Am- 
herst, Mass.  He  entered  the  Air  Service  on  May  25,  1918,  at  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.  After  finishing  the  course  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School  he  was  sent  to  the  concentration  camp  at  Camp  Dick,  Dal- 
las, Tex.,  with  Squadron  11.  From  there  he  was  ordered  to  Kelly 
Field  No.  2,  San  Antonio,  Tex. 


[ 254  ] 


* GEORGE  W.  KILLORIN 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  Sept.  27,  1918 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  G.  W.  Killorin,  of  Wakefield,  Mass.  He  grad- 
uated from  Holy  Cross  College  in  1917.  In  June,  1917,  he  enlisted 
in  the  Air  Service,  and  attended  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School.  He  con- 
tinued his  training  at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.  In  April,  1918, 
he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  and  appointed  Instructor  of  Aerial 
Gunnery  at  Taliaferro  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  While  acting  in  this 
capacity  he  was  killed  in  an  airplane  accident  at  Taliaferro  Field, 
on  Sept.  27,  1918.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


BRICE  S.  EVANS 

Private,  First  Class,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Charles  R.  and  Henrietta  (Thompson)  Evans,  of  Water- 
town,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Boston,  Mass.,  March  16,  1888.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Boston  Latin,  the  Volkmann,  and  the  De  Meritte 
Schools;  and  at  Amherst  College.  In  1906  he  was  runner-up  in  the 
Canadian  Golf  Championship,  and  Schoolboy  Golf  Champion.  He 
enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  on  Jan.  24,  1918.  From  June  1 to  July  8 
he  was  in  training  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  and  from  July  5 to 
Sept.  7 at  the  M.I.T. , Cambridge,  Mass.  He  was  assigned  to  the 
Ground  School  at  Cornell  University,  where  he  remained  from 
Sept.  8 to  Nov.  6,  1918.  He  was  transferred  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas, 
Tex.,  on  Nov.  8,  and  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Service 
there,  Dec.  4,  1918. 

Married,  March  5,  1919,  Dorothy  Ruggles. 


[ 256  ] 


FRANK  EMMONS  ALEXANDER 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Educated  at  St.  George’s  School,  Concord,  N.IL,  and  at  Harvard 
College,  class  of  1919.  He  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Corps  in  June, 
1917,  and  was  sent  to  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School.  He  finished  his 
training  at  Belleville,  111.,  and  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut., 
A.S.,  U.S.A.  He  was  appointed  Instructor,  first  at  Gerstner  Field, 
Lake  Charles,  La.,  then  at  Call  Field,  Wichita  Falls,  Tex.  In 
Sept.,  1918,  he  sailed  overseas,  and  was  in  training  for  a Pursuit 
Pilot,  at  Issoudun,  France,  when  the  Armistice  was  signed.  (Por- 
trait on  opposite  page.) 


DWIGHT  FLETCHER  BARNES 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  J.  Fletcher  and  Anna  E.  (Baldwin)  Barnes,  of  Bedford, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Hubbardston,  Mass.,  Jan.  23,  1890.  He  was 
educated  at  Mt.  Hermon  School,  Mass.,  and  at  the  Mass.  Agricul- 
tural College,  Amherst. 

He  enlisted,  Nov.  3,  1917,  and  attended  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School;  going  from  there  to  Cornell  University.  He  trained  in  flying 
at  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La.;  and  had  advanced  training 
at  Call  Field,  Wichita  Falls,  Tex.;  at  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Day- 
ton,  Ohio;  at  Post  Field,  Fort  Sill,  Okla.;  and  at  Taliaferro 
Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  May  14, 
1918.  He  sailed  for  France,  and  was  stationed  at  Issoudun  for  final 
training.  He  was  attached  to  the  186th  Aero  Squadron,  1st  Army 
Observation  Group.  After  the  signing  of  the  Armistice  he  was  sent 
into  Germany  with  the  3d  Army  of  Occupation. 

Married,  Dec.  23,  1916,  Mary  Baker. 


[ 258  ] 


HAROLD  ARTEMAS  PACKARD 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Frederick  C.  and  Mary  (Winchester)  Packard;  was  born 
at  Roslindale,  Mass.,  Aug.  10,  1894.  He  graduated  from  the  Boston 
Latin  School,  and  from  Harvard  College  (with  honors)  in  1915.  He 
enlisted  in  the  U.S.A.  in  April,  1917,  and  was  sent  to  Fort 
Monroe,  Va.,  and  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  (provisionally),  on 
Oct.  26,  1917.  In  Jan.,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  and 
in  March,  1st  Lieut.  He  volunteered  for  the  Air  Service  in  May, 
1918,  and  trained  at  Langley  Field,  Old  Point  Comfort,  Va.,  and 
at  Self  ridge  Field,  Mt.  Clemens,  Mich.  On  Sept.  1 he  was  ordered 
overseas,  and  continued  his  training  at  Tours,  France;  he  was  later 
attached  to  the  88th  Squadron,  and  ordered  to  the  front  just  at  the 
time  of  the  signing  of  the  Armistice.  Lieut.  Packard  was  then  as- 
signed to  the  Army  of  Occupation.  Subsequently  he  spent  three 
months  at  the  University  of  Poitiers,  France,  after  which  he 
served  in  the  Department  of  Rents,  Requisition,  and  Claims. 
Lieut.  Packard  had  two  brothers  also  in  the  Service.  (Portrait  on 
opposite  page.) 


LAWRENCE  EARLY 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Bernard  and  M.  Alice  Early;  was  born  at  Newton,  Mass., 
July  27,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Newton  High  School,  and 
at  Holy  Cross  College.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  Boston, 
Aug.  20,  1917.  He  attended  the  Ground  Schools  at  the  M.I.T., 
and  at  Princeton  University.  He  trained  in  flying  at  Taliaferro 
Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  and  at  the  Gunnery  Schools,  Taliaferro 
Field,  and  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton,  Ohio.  He  then  pro- 
ceeded overseas,  and  was  assigned  to  the  3d  A.I.C.  at  Issoudun, 
France,  for  advanced  training.  He  was  subsequently  transferred 
to  the  school  at  St.-Jean-des-Monts.  He  was  then  detailed  as  Staff 
Pilot  to  the  4th  Artillery  Aerial  Observers’  School  at  Meucon, 
France.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  June  17,  1918,  and  was 
honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  Feb.  8,  1919. 


[ 260  ] 


* LEROY  AMOS  SWAN 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident , June  19,  1918 

Born  at  Norwich,  Conn.,  June  5,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Norwich  Free  Academy,  and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology, 
class  of  1917.  He  entered  the  Service  at  the  M.I.T.,  Oct.,  1917,  and 
attended  the  Army  Aviation  School.  He  trained  at  Wilbur  Wright 
Field,  Dayton,  Ohio,  and  was  there  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S., 
Signal  Corps.  On  June  19,  1918,  he  was  killed  at  Wilbur  Wright 
Field,  when  his  machine  collapsed.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


DAVID  W.  GORDON 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  S.C.,  Second  Provisional 
Squadron,  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Texas 

Son  of  William  W.  and  Harriet  (Covil)  Gordon;  was  born  at 
Hazardsville,  Conn.,  May  31,  1894.  He  attended  the  Central  High 
School,  Springfield,  Mass.,  where  he  was  president  of  the  senior 
debating  society  and  captain  of  the  crew.  He  graduated  from 
Wesleyan  University,  Middletown,  Conn.,  where  he  was  a member 
of  the  football  and  track  teams.  He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass., 
May  11,  1917,  with  the  Medical  Corps,  Ambulance  Section,  and 
transferred  from  the  station  at  Allentown,  Pa.,  to  Army  Aviation, 
at  Mineola,  N.Y.,  Aug.  29.  He  attended  the  Ground  School  at  the 
M.I.T.,  from  Nov.  3,  1917,  to  Jan.  12,  1918.  He  continued  his  train- 
ing at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  from  Jan.  18  to  April  5; 
there  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  on  April  5,  1918,  and  was  sent 
to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.  He  was  stationed  at  Hoboken,  N.J., 
awaiting  overseas  orders,  from  May  5 to  May  29,  and  then  sent  to 
Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  for  advanced  training  in  bombing. 
He  remained  there  from  June,  1918,  to  Jan.  11,  1919,  when  he  was 
honorably  discharged. 

Married,  Sept.  2,  1918,  Doris  Clark. 

Grandfather  in  Service  — 

Andrew  Gordon,  served  in  the  Civil  War. 


[ 262  ] 


JOSEPH  V.  HUGHES 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  L.  and  Mary  E.  (Ford)  Hughes;  was  born  at  Brighton, 
Mass.,  July  15,  1894.  lie  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Brighton,  and  at  Boston  College.  He  enlisted  on  July  2,  1917,  at  the 
M.I.T.  In  Sept.,  1917,  he  continued  his  training  at  Wilbur  Wright 
Field,  Dayton,  Ohio;  he  was  transferred  to  Ellington  Field,  Hous- 
ton, Tex.,  in  Jan.,  1918.  He  served  as  Instructor  at  Camp  Dick, 
Dallas,  Tex.,  at  Call  Field,  Wichita  Falls,  and  at  Love  Field,  Dallas. 
He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  April,  1918.  In  Sept.,  1918,  he 
sailed  overseas  and  continued  his  training  in  France.  He  returned 
to  the  U.S.  in  May,  1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged  in  June, 
1919.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


CHARLES  LESTER  MORSE 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  Morse,  of  Lancaster,  N.H.;  was  born 
at  Colebrook,  N.H.,  June  2,  1893.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  Lancaster,  N.H.,  at  the  Lancaster  Academy,  and  at  the 
Mass.  Institute  of  Technology.  At  the  Lancaster  Academy  he 
belonged  to  the  baseball,  basket-ball,  football,  and  track  teams, 
making  a record  in  the  100-yard  dash,  and  in  a high  jump,  of  five 
feet,  three  inches.  At  the  M.I.T.  he  was  a member  of  the  class  base- 
ball, football,  basket-ball,  and  track  teams,  and  of  the  ’Varsity 
basket-ball  team.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service,  July  17,  1917,  at 
Mineola,  N.Y.  He  was  assigned  to  the  Cornell  University  Ground 
School,  whence  he  proceeded  to  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La., 
and  then  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.  He  was  subsequently  trans- 
ferred to  Taliaferro  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  where  he  was  de- 
tailed as  Instructor  in  Aerial  Gunnery.  He  wTas  then  ordered  to 
the  School  of  Aeronautical  Engineering  at  the  M.I.T.,  and  later  to 
McCook  Field,  Dayton,  Ohio. 


[ 264  ] 


EDWIN  LAWRENCE  NOLLE 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  William  F.  and  Sarah  (Savage)  Noble,  of  Newton  Centre, 
Mass.;  was  born  Aug.  23,  1891.  He  was  educated  at  Andover 
Academy,  graduating  in  1912,  and  at  Yale  University,  graduating 
in  1915.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  in  1917,  and  trained  at  the 
Ground  School  at  Columbus,  Ohio.  In  Nov.,  1917,  he  sailed  for 
France  and  continued  his  training  at  Issoudun.  He  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut,  in  May,  1918.  Lieut.  Noble  was  taken  ill 
with  influenza,  which  for  a long  period  prevented  him  from  flying, 
and  kept  him  from  seeing  active  service  at  the  front.  He  was  at- 
tached to  the  Requisition  and  Claims  Department,  and  after  the 
signing  of  the  Armistice  was  stationed  at  Tours,  and  at  Villel, 
France.  He  was  honorably  discharged  in  Sept.,  1919.  He  has  since 
joined  the  Kosciusko  Escadrille  in  Poland,  as  pilot,  and  is  en- 
gaged in  fighting  the  Bolsheviki  forces.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Arthur  W.  Noble,  Corp.,  302d  Inf.,  76th  Division,  A.E.F. 


ROBERT  A.  SLATER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Robert  and  Martha  (McLennon)  Slater,  of  South  Royalton, 
Vt.;  was  born  at  Charlestown,  Mass.,  Aug.  24,  1895.  After  grad- 
uating from  the  South  Royalton  High  School,  he  attended  Den- 
ison University,  Granville,  Ohio,  for  one  year.  At  both  institu- 
tions he  played  baseball,  basket-ball,  and  football.  He  enlisted  in 
the  Aviation  Service  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Oct.  14,  1917,  and  reported 
for  active  duty  Dec.  15,  1917,  at  the  M.I.T.  He  was  transferred 
to  the  Ground  School  at  Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  N.Y.,  on 
Jan.  7,  1918,  and  was  ordered  to  Dallas,  Tex.,  March  22,  1918.  He 
was  sent  to  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  April  23,  and  after 
completing  his  training  there,  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Oct.  18, 
1918.  He  was  subsequently  assigned  to  North  Island,  San  Diego, 
Cal.,  for  scout  flying.  On  Nov.  28  he  took  part  in  a flight  in  which 
212  planes  were  in  the  air  at  one  time.  He  was  honorably  dis- 
charged at  San  Diego,  Cal.,  Jan.  8,  1919. 

[ 266  ] 


* WOLDEMAR  E.  CROSSCUP 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Killed  in  seaplane  accident,  July  6,  1918 

Born  Dec.  30,  1895.  He  attended  the  Quincy  (Wollaston)  Grammar 
School,  and  Wilbraham  Academy.  He  was  later  associated  with 
his  father  in  the  printing  business.  Following  the  declaration  of 
war,  he  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service,  and  was  assigned  to  the 
Squantum  Aviation  Field,  in  May,  1917.  After  the  breaking-up 
of  the  Squantum  Field  he  was  transferred  to  Pensacola,  Fla.  He 
was  ordered  overseas  in  Feb.,  1918,  and  served  in  France  until 
July,  1918.  He  was  killed  in  a seaplane  crash,  on  July  6,  1918,  at 
Moutchic-Lacanau.  He  was  buried  at  Lacanau,  Gironde,  France. 
(Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


WESLEY  L.  KEOUGH 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Henry  Edward  and  Charlotte  Adaline  (Rogers)  Keough  of 
Lowell,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Chelsea,  Mass.,  Jan.  23,  1891.  He  grad- 
uated from  the  Winthrop  High  School,  Winthrop,  Mass.,  and  from 
the  Lowell  Textile  School  in  1910.  From  1911  to  1915  he  served 
in  K Co.,  6th  Inf.,  Mass.  N.G.  He  enlisted  at  Plattsburg,  N.Y., 
May  14,  1917,  and  attended  the  1st  Officers’  Training  Camp.  He  was 
then  transferred  to  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  and  subsequently 
served  as  a cadet  at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.  He  was  commis- 
sioned 2d  Lieut,  on  Feb.  14,  1918.  He  served  as  Instructor  in  flying 
at  Kelly  Field,  and  later  at  South  Field,  Americus,  Ga.  He  was  or- 
dered to  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  for  overseas  service,  but  was  prevented 
from  sailing  by  the  signing  of  the  Armistice.  He  was  then  ordered  to 
duty  at  Rockwell  Field,  San  Diego,  Cal.,  where  at  his  own  request 
he  was  discharged,  Jan.  9,  1919. 


[ 268  ] 


* HENRY  SOUTHER 

Major,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Signal  Officers’  Reserve  Corps 
Died  in  Service , Aug.  15,  1917 

Born  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Sept.  11,  1865.  He  was  educated  in  the 
Boston  public  schools,  and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology, 
graduating  in  1887.  After  leaving  the  M.I.T.  he  took  post-grad- 
uate work  in  metallurgy  in  Germany,  and  was  subsequently  asso- 
ciated with  the  Pennsylvania  Steel  Co.,  at  Steelton,  Pa.  He  estab- 
lished a testing  laboratory  at  Hartford,  Conn.,  for  commercial  work. 
He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Service,  in  1917,  and  was  commissioned 
Major  in  the  Signal  Officers’  Reserve  Corps,  and  was  appointed 
Assistant  Chief  of  Division  of  Aviation. 

Major  Souther  died  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  Aug.  15,  1917,  after  a 
surgical  operation.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


FRANK  NICHOLS  FERRONE 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Michael  A.  and  Annie  A.  Ferrone,  of  Jamaica  Plain,  Mass.; 
was  born  at  East  Boston,  Aug.  21,  1889.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Mechanic  Arts  High  School,  Boston,  and  at  the  Thomson  Houston 
Engineering  School. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Naval  Air  Service  at  Boston,  April  24,  1917, 
and  was  assigned  to  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.  For  flight  training, 
he  was  sent  to  Pensacola,  Fla.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign, 
Aug.  27,  1918,  and  was  subsequently  attached  to  the  Naval  Air 
Service  Headquarters,  London,  Eng. 

Ensign  Ferrone  was  placed  on  inactive  duty  at  Boston,  June  15, 
1919. 


[ 270  ] 


ARTHUR  PARKER  TEULON 


Lieutenant  (j.g.),  U.S.N.R.F.,  Attached  to  Two  Hundred 
Twenty-Eighth  Squadron,  Seventy-Third  Wing,  R.A.F. 

Son  of  Arthur  Mitchell  and  Ruth  (Leavitt)  Teulon,  of  West  New- 
ton, Mass.;  was  born  at  Dorchester,  Mass.,  Sept.  3,  1893.  He  gradu- 
ated from  the  Newton  High  School,  where  he  was  a member  of  the 
track  and  hockey  teams;  he  was  also  a member  of  the  swimming 
team  of  the  Newton  Y.M.C.A. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  Naval  Aviation  Service,  at  the  Boston 
Navy  Yard,  on  May  23,  1917,  and  received  his  ground  training  at 
the  M.I.T.,  when  he  was  sent  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  for  flying  training. 
He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  Dec.  27,  1917.  In  Jan.,  1918,  he 
sailed  overseas,  and  was  stationed  at  Great  Yarmouth,  Eng.,  where 
he  was  attached  to  the  228th  Squadron,  73d  Wing,  R.A.F. , and  en- 
gaged in  patrolling  and  scouting  over  the  North  Sea  from  Jan.  to 
July  1, 1918.  For  some  time  he  was  detained  in  the  Naval  Hospital 
with  an  attack  of  influenza. 

On  Aug.  1 he  was  detached  from  the  British  Service  and  sent  to 
the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station  at  Lough  Foyle,  Ireland,  where  he  re- 
mained as  Squadron  Commander  until  Jan.  1919.  He  was  commis- 
sioned Lieut.  (j.g.),  Oct.  1,  1918.  On  April  7,  1919,  Lieut.  Teulon 
was  placed  on  the  inactive  service  list  at  Washington,  D.C.  He  was 
cited  for  bravery  while  stationed  at  Pensacola,  for  risking  his  life  by 
swimming  out  into  the  bay  to  rescue  some  Government  property. 
In  April,  1918,  he  was  recommended  for  promotion  for  the  good 
work  performed  in  hunting  the  German  submarines  in  the  North 
Sea. 


[ 272  ] 


A DETACHMENT  OF  FIFTEEN  AVIATORS 


United  States  Naval  Reserve  Flying  Corps 
at  Roehampton,  London,  England 
December,  1,  1917 


These  fifteen  Americans  (the  officer  in  the  centre  is  an  Englishman)  en- 
tered the  U.S.  Service  as  Seamen,  2d  Class,  U.S.  Naval  Reserve,  early  in 


1917. 


Standing  — Left  to  right 

Eugene  I.  Wolfe,  Baltimore,  Maryland 

Alfred  Gardner,  Garden  City , New  York 

Ralph  Hawthorne  Norris,  Chelsea,  Massachusetts 

Max  J.  Baehr,  St.  Louis,  Missouri 

Donald  H.  Merrill,  Cambridge,  Massachusetts 

R.  L.  Piper,  Jr.,  Tyrone,  Pennsylvania 

George  Dana  Anderson,  Somerville,  Massachusetts 

Albert  A.  Bailey,  Norfolk,  Virginia 

Thomas  R.  Punnett,  New  York , New  York 


Seated  — Left  to  right 

Addison  C.  Burnham,  Jr.,  Newton  Centre,  Massachusetts 

Thomas  E.  McCracken,  Brooklyn,  New  York 

Philip  J.  Barnes,  Minneapolis,  Minnesota 

English  Officer,  London,  England 

N.  J.  Learned,  Elmira,  New  York 

Joseph  Warren  Homer,  Jr.,  Brookline,  Massachusetts 

Harrison  S.  Goodspeed,  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan 

August  20th,  1917,  they  were  enrolled  in  the  Naval  Aviation  Detach- 
ment Corps,  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology,  Cambridge,  Massa- 
chusetts, at  that  time  a Ground  School  for  Aviators.  In  October,  1917, 
they  were  sent  to  England,  some  of  them  going  voluntarily  to  “learn  to 
fly  ‘blimps’”  (dirigibles). 

They  left  Boston  October  15,  and  New  York,  October  27,  1917. 

They  were  the  first  U.S.  Aviators  who  went  in  a body  to  England  to 
become  pilots  and  assist  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Service  in  observation  and 
convoy  work  off  the  English  coast. 

(This  photograph  was  taken  December  1,  1917,  by  F.  N.  Birkett, 
London.) 


[ 274  ] 


WINGED  FORCES  OF  THE  U.S.  NAVY 

By  Lieutenant  Clifford  A.  Tinker 

The  building-up,  from  a small  nucleus,  of  a Naval  Aviation  Corps 
with  a personnel,  in  service  and  training,  almost  as  large  as  was  the 
entire  Navy  before  the  war;  the  building  of  scores  of  stations  in 
Europe  as  well  as  in  America;  the  exploits  of  naval  aviators  in  the 
war  zone,  make  up  one  of  the  most  interesting  chapters  of  America’s 
part  in  the  war. 

Previous  to  the  declaration  of  war,  the  United  States  Navy  main- 
tained the  Naval  Air  Station  at  Pensacola,  Florida,  with  a comple- 
ment of  thirty-eight  naval  aviators  and  one  hundred  and  sixty- 
three  enlisted  men,  with  twenty-two  seaplanes,  five  kites,  and  two 
free  balloons.  A certain  amount  of  flight  training  and  mechanical 
training  was  given  at  this  station,  but,  in  a word,  Pensacola  with 
its  small  personnel  and  material  summed  up  most  of  the  aviation 
activities  of  the  United  States  Navy. 

The  remarkable  growth  of  the  Service  from  April,  1917,  to  Armis- 
tice Day,  in  November,  1918,  reflects  the  greatest  credit  on  the 
officers  in  charge  of  Naval  Aviation. 

Captain  Irwin  gathered  around  him  as  his  aides  and  executives  a 
group  of  enthusiastic  naval  aviators,  selected  from  those  at  Pensa- 
cola, who  handled  the  departments  over  which  they  had  charge  with 
extraordinary  ability,  and  pushed  the  work  with  untiring  energy,  so 
much  so  that  at  the  close  of  hostilities  there  had  been  enrolled  and 
trained  over  fifteen  hundred  naval  aviators,  over  thirteen  hundred 
ground  officers,  and  over  thirty-five  thousand  enlisted  men;  and 
there  were  in  training  four  thousand  flight  officers  and  ten  thousand 
enlisted  men.  There  were  in  commission,  in  round  numbers,  four- 
teen hundred  seaplanes  and  airplanes  and  about  three  hundred 
lighter-than-air  craft.  There  had  been  sent  abroad  over  twelve  hun- 
dred officers  and  nineteen  thousand  enlisted  men  for  aviation,  to- 
gether with  three  hundred  and  eighty-eight  seaplanes,  one  hundred 
and  forty  airplanes,  and  forty-two  kite  balloons.  At  the  close  of 
hostilities  there  was,  either  in  Europe  or  en  route , a sufficient  num- 
ber of  seaplanes  to  supply  all  our  stations  abroad,  and  to  replace 
losses  and  crashes  which  might  occur  during  the  year  1919. 

It  is  a fact  worth  recalling  that  the  Aviation  Detachment  which 
left  the  United  States  in  May,  1917,  in  charge  of  Commander  Ken- 


WINGED  FORCES  OF  THE  U.S.  NAVY 


neth  Whiting,  U.S.N.,  was  the  first  detachment  of  any  American 
armed  force  to  set  foot  in  Europe  after  the  United  States  entered  the 
war.  Closely  following  the  arrival  of  Commander  Whiting  and  his 
organization,  Captain  Hutch  I.  Cone  and  a board  of  officers  reached 
France  for  the  purpose  of  studying  the  types  of  planes  in  use  by 
our  allies  and  formulating  methods  of  cooperation  with  the  Naval 
Aviation  Forces  of  England,  France,  and  Italy,  and  our  policy 
abroad  was  based  upon  the  report  of  this  board. 

At  the  end  of  the  fighting  the  number  of  stations  in  this  country 
had  increased  from  one  to  seven  training  stations,  ten  patrol  sta- 
tions, nine  rest  and  refuelling  stations,  two  experimental  stations, 
and  a number  of  additional  stations  for  various  purposes  had  been 
authorized  and  were  under  construction.  These  stations  extended 
from  North  Sydney,  Nova  Scotia,  to  Coco  Solo,  Canal  Zone,  and  a 
large  station  was  located  at  San  Diego,  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  In 
Europe  there  had  been  established  and  were  in  commission  twenty- 
eight  stations,  two  training  stations,  and  twelve  bombing  squadrons 
located  in  England,  Ireland,  France,  and  Italy,  including  a Marine 
Aviation  station  at  the  Azores. 

To  the  flyers  themselves  too  much  praise  cannot  be  given.  They 
are  the  men  who,  by  the  very  nature  of  their  duty,  were  called  upon 
to  exhibit  not  only  the  highest  qualities  as  naval  officers,  but  the 
utmost  skill  and  daring  as  aviators.  They  were  in  competition  with 
the  world’s  best,  but  they  did  not  suffer  in  the  least  by  the  com- 
parison. Aside  from  the  dogged,  monotonous  work  of  patrol,  they 
proved  themselves  heroes  in  action.  Many  of  them  were  decorated 
by  the  Allied  Powers  of  Great  Britain,  France,  Belgium,  and  Italy. 

Admiral  Sims  sums  up  the  place  held  by  our  naval  aviators  in  the 
war  in  the  following  despatch  sent  to  Washington  at  the  cessation 
of  hostilities: 

Please  express  to  the  Naval  Aviators  of  America  my  most  sincere  appre- 
ciation of  their  courageous  and  loyal  performance  of  duty  at  home  and 
abroad  throughout  the  war.  Their  brilliant  exploits,  their  determination  to 
win,  will  ever  remain  one  of  the  highest  tributes  to  American  manhood.  The 
performance  of  duty  of  these  young  Naval  Aviators  under  my  command 
has  not  only  been  in  keeping  with  the  very  best  traditions  of  our  Naval 
Service,  but  has  in  addition  won  for  America  the  enthusiastic  praise  of  her 
allies. 


[ 277  ] 


WINGED  FORCES  OF  THE  U.S.  NAVY 


The  real  measure  of  success  of  Naval  Aviation  was,  of  course,  its 
ability  to  engage  in  actual  war  operations.  This  was  done  on  a large 
scale.  In  home  waters  new  stations  were  put  into  commission  in  or- 
der to  cover  by  patrol  all  the  waters  threatened  by  the  enemy  sub- 
marines. These  patrols  covered  all  the  important  harbors  and  most 
of  the  coast  frbm  the  north  of  Nova  Scotia  to  the  waters  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Rio  Grande.  Each  seaplane  on  patrol  covered  an 
area  of  three  thousand  square  miles,  and  it  is  interesting  to  note 
that  the  total  distance  covered  by  naval  coastal  patrols  in  American 
waters  during  the  month  of  August,  1918,  was  860,000  miles;  in 
September,  480,000  miles  were  covered,  and  in  October,  465,000 
miles. 

The  seaplane  patrols  and  convoys  were  especially  successful. 
After  the  installation  of  our  seaplane  patrols  and  during  thousands 
of  miles  of  convoy,  only  one  ship  in  such  convoys  was  ever  success- 
fully attacked  by  enemy  submarines.  Prior  to  our  patrols  on  the 
French  coast  the  sinkings  by  the  enemy  submarines  averaged  one 
Allied  ship  each  day,  but  in  the  ten  months  our  patrols  were  active, 
only  three  ships  were  lost  on  the  patrol  area  between  Penmarch  and 
lie  d’Yeu,  a ninety-nine  per  cent  reduction.  Credit  is  given  us  by 
the  British,  French,  and  Italians  of  attacking  ninety-five  per  cent 
of  all  submarines  sighted  on  our  patrols,  of  damaging  forty-five  per 
cent,  and  sinking  twenty-five  per  cent  of  those  attacked.  Many 
mines  were  also  sighted  and  destroyed,  which  is  another  important 
part  of  the  work  performed  by  our  seaplanes  in  the  war  zone. 

During  the  Great  War,  in  the  North  Sea  sector,  “lighter  than 
air”  was  one  of  the  most  important  fleet  adjuncts  in  use  by  the 
British,  and  on  more  than  one  occasion  their  use  by  the  Germans 
baffled  the  best-laid  plans  of  the  Admiralty.  No  less  an  authority 
than  Admiral  Jellicoe  gives  to  the  airship  the  credit  of  the  German 
escape  at  Dogger  Bank;  or,  if  not  the  entire  credit,  then  the  most 
important  place  in  the  scheme  of  observation  and  intelligence  used 
by  the  Hun  in  that  epoch-making  battle. 

The  German  Zeppelin  was  in  no  sense  a failure.  Scouting  and 
observation  for  the  High  Seas  Fleet  was  only  a part  of  its  function. 
They  maintained  regular  patrols  over  the  North  Sea  and  kept  a 
very  close  watch  of  the  Allied  navies.  They  made  possible  the 
destroyer  raids  on  Yarmouth  and  other  English  coastal  towns, 

[ 278  ] 


WINGED  FORCES  OF  THE  U.S.  NAVY 


working  in  close  touch  with  the  Hun  flotillas,  giving  ample  in- 
formation regarding  the  location  of  the  British  in  order  that  the 
attacks  could  be  made  and  a get-away  successfully  accomplished 
before  the  possible  arrival  of  the  Allied  ships. 

The  frightful  Zeppelin  raids  over  London  were  a side  issue  with 
the  German  airship  fleet.  As  soon  as  the  British  developed  suf- 
ficient anti-aircraft  defence  to  push  the  “Zepps”  up  to  a high 
ceiling  and  make  inland  raids  particularly  dangerous,  the  giant 
airships  were  recalled  to  their  main  duty  with  the  fleet;  the  Ger- 
mans being  sensible  in  this  respect  that  they  could  not  afford  to 
lose  their  supremacy  in  naval  observation,  however  enticing  other 
activities  might  be.  Before  the  installation  of  the  London  aerial 
defences,  Zeppelins  were  able  to  fly  as  low  as  9000  feet  above  the 
city  and  plant  bombs  with  astonishing  accuracy. 

The  British,  early  in  the  war,  began  a systematic  development 
of  the  lighter-than-air  section  of  the  Royal  Air  Force.  The  coast 
of  Scotland  and  England,  being  the  most  exposed  portion  of  the 
British  Isles,  and  also  the  gathering-place  of  the  major  portion  of 
the  Allied  fleets,  naturally  provided  the  location  for  the  large  air 
stations  to  which  airships  were  assigned.  And  at  these  stations 
were  posted  our  own  airship  pilots,  first  as  students,  and  then,  as 
they  progressed  in  skill,  as  pilots  and  captains. 

Free  balloons,  kite  balloons,  dirigibles,  both  non-rigid  and  semi- 
rigid, and  the  right  type  of  airship  were  among  the  list  of  ships  and 
lighter-than-air  craft  with  which  our  pilots  became  experts.  Para- 
chute jumping,  bombing,  patrolling,  scout  duty,  convoying,  navi- 
gation and  signalling,  and  squadron  manoeuvres  were  among  the 
arduous  tasks  which  these  young  men  were  obliged  to  perform,  and 
they  became  so  skilful  as  to  excite  the  admiration  of  their  com- 
manding officers  as  well  as  their  comrades. 

Letter  after  letter  of  commendation  and  citations  with  decora- 
tions were  won  by  the  American  lighter-than-air  pilots,  although 
their  exploits  have  seemingly  never  come  to  light,  but  have  been 
overshadowed  by  the  speedier  and  more  spectacular  heavier-than- 
air  craft.  In  a letter  to  Admiral  Sims,  dated  June  22,  1918,  Brig- 
adier-General E.  M.  Maitland,  Superintendent  of  Airships,  writes: 

It  is  desired  to  bring  before  your  notice  the  most  excellent  work  which 
has  been  done  by  the  United  States  officers  who  are  lent  for  training.  Since 

[ 279  ] 


WINGED  FORCES  OF  THE  U.S.  NAVY 


their  graduation  all  these  officers  have  done  very  useful  patrol  work.  . . . 
The  work  done  by  Ensign  Barnes  has  been  specially  noticeable;  the  officer, 
besides  being  the  Captain  of  his  ship,  is  also  in  charge  of  a mooring-out 
station,  which  is  run  very  efficiently  and  to  the  present  station’s  entire 
satisfaction,  and  it  is  suggested  that  its  officer  deserves  to  receive  special 
recognition. 

Below  is  given  the  actual  number  of  hours  flown  by  each  of  these 
officers,  including  the  times  as  pilot  and  passenger,  for  your  information: 

Hours  Min. 


Ensign  G.  D.  Anderson 368  0 

Ensign  H.  E.  Goodspeed 114  41 

Ensign  P.  J.  Barnes 254  20 

Ensign  L.  A.  Pope 30  30 

Ensign  R.  L.  Piper 245  35 

Ensign  N.  J.  Learned 214  40 

Ensign  J.  W.  Homer 301  10 

Ensign  D.  H.  Merrill 90  45 

Ensign  R.  H.  Norris 143  15 


Yours  faithfully 

E.  H.  Maitland 


With  about  half  the  complement  strength,  Barnes  (in  May 
and  June,  1918)  operated  the  Royal  Air  Station  at  Lowthrope, 
Yorkshire,  to  the  utmost  satisfaction  of  the  Royal  Air  Force,  for 
which  success  he  was  named  to  command  His  Majesty’s  airship 
C-Star-9,  and  after  a brilliant  series  of  exploits  with  this  ship  he 
was  further  honored  by  the  Admiralty. 

During  this  time  Barnes  was  the  first  pilot  to  fly  a single-engine 
airship  for  a period  of  more  than  twenty-four  hours,  winning  the 
world’s  record  by  a non-stop  flight  of  twenty-five  hours  and  forty 
minutes.  Shortly  after,  not  being  content  with  this  record,  he  in- 
creased it  by  making  a sustained  flight  of  thirty  hours  and  eighteen 
minutes,  a feat  which  brought  a special  commendation  from  the 
Commanding  General.  While  convoying  ships,  in  which  he  was 
engaged  for  a total  of  more  than  two  hundred  hours  without  the 
loss  of  a single  ship  from  any  cause,  Barnes  destroyed  nine  enemy 
mines  which  had  been  planted  in  the  ship-lanes  off  the  British 
coast. 

[It  is  of  interest  to  note  in  the  above  record  of  hours  flown  that 
Ensign  G.  D.  Anderson  heads  the  list,  and  that  Ensign  J.  W. 
Homer  ranks  second  in  the  list.  Ed.] 

[ 280  ] 


* JOSEPH  WARREN  HOMER,  Jr. 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.C. 

Died  of  pneumonia , Nov.  9,  1918 

Son  of  Joseph  Warren  and  Constance  (Smith)  Homer;  was  born  at 
Roxbury,  Mass.,  April  11,  1897.  He  attended  the  Brookline  public 
schools;  the  Stone  School,  Boston;  entered  the  Mass.  Institute  of 
Technology  in  the  class  of  1919;  played  on  his  class  football  team, 
rowed  on  his  class  crew,  was  associate  editor  of  The  Tech , and  mem- 
ber of  S.A.E. Fraternity.  On  Aug.  14,  1916,  he  enrolled  in  the  Civil- 
ian Naval  Training  Cruise  on  U.S.S.  Virginia , returning  to  M.I.T. 
in  Sept,  to  remain  until  Dec.,  when  he  left  to  enter  the  Potomska 
(Cotton)  Mills,  New  Bedford. 

On  June  26,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Naval  Reserve;  on  Aug. 
20  he  joined  the  Aviation  Detachment  at  M.I.T.,  and  in  Oct.  was 
one  of  fifteen  men  who  volunteered  to  go  to  England  to  learn  to 
fly  “ blimps”  (dirigibles),  sailing  Oct.  27,  1917.  He  and  his  asso- 
ciates were  the  first  U.S.  aviators  to  land  in  a body  in  England  to 
become  pilots,  and  assist  the  Royal  Naval  Airship  Service.  During 
Nov.  and  Dec.  he  trained  at  Aviation  Ground  Schools  at  Roehamp- 
ton  and  Cranwell.  In  March,  1918,  he  received  his  Pilot’s  license 
and  was  ordered  to  the  Royal  Air  Force  Station,  Polegate,  Sussex, 
for  “active  duty,”  and  engaged  in  observation  and  convoy  work 
over  the  English  Channel.  He  was  twice  lost  in  fog,  once  blown  sixty 
miles  north  of  his  course,  his  airship  being  damaged  after  landing, 
and  again  blown  eighty  miles  south,  landing  “for  a few  minutes” 
on  the  north  coast  of  France.  May  16,  1918,  he  was  commissioned 
Ensign. 

On  Aug.  13  he  was  ordered  to  the  R.A.F.  Station  at  Portsmouth, 
then  to  Howden,  East  Yorks,  and  on  Aug.  23  to  East  Fortune,  Scot- 
land, flying  over  the  North  Sea.  In  Oct.  he  returned  to  London, 
and  engaged  in  studying  the  design  and  construction  of  airships. 
While  there  he  was  taken  ill  with  influenza,  and  died  of  broncho- 
pneumonia at  the  U.S.  Naval  Hospital,  London,  on  Nov.  9,  1918. 
On  Dec.  24,  1918,  he  was  buried  at  Mount  Auburn,  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  following  an  impressive  memorial  service  conducted  by  the 
Rev.  Abbot  Peterson  at  Brookline,  Mass. 

The  following  extracts  from  Ensign  Homer’s  letters  give  an  ex- 
cellent idea  of  the  dirigible  pilot’s  training  in  England: 

[ 281  ] 


JOSEPH  WARREN  HOMER,  Jr. 


London,  Sunday,  Dec.  9,  1917 

We  have  made  our  solo  balloon  flights,  and  are  now  ready  for  balloon 
pilot’s  licenses.  It  was  a lot  of  fun  going  up  in  a balloon  all  alone,  ’way  up 
over  the  clouds  4000  or  5000  feet  where  you  can’t  see  the  earth  or  any- 
thing. That  is  n’t  high,  but  the  balloons  we  use  are  n’t  much  good  except 
for  training.  From  now  on  we  will  be  using  the  real  blimps. 

The  other  night  we  went  up  for  a night  flight,  and  went  over  London. 
We  got  home  about  midnight,  and  about  three  hours  later  the  air  raid  of 
twenty-five  gophs  started.  . . . 

Our  job  will  be  to  escort  transports  and  supply  ships  through  the 
danger  zone  into  port,  we  going  out  to  meet  the  ships  in  our  airships.  . . . 

The  real  front  is  only  about  eighty  miles  from  here,  and  yesterday  we 
heard  the  guns  thundering  all  day.  . . . But  you  would  never  know  there 
was  a war  here  — it’s  so  peaceful.  . . . 

And  beyond  the  hills  the  War,  in  all  its  horror  of  the  latest  enormous 
Hun  offensive  — I don’t  feel  a bit  like  killing  any  one,  but  in  a few  minutes 
an  orderly  will  report  my  ship  ready,  and  I ’ll  slide  over  the  hills  and  away 
to  the  Channel  to  hunt  for  U-boats. 

Polegate,  May  12,  1918 

Yesterday,  I went  on  patrol  at  6 a.m.  and  got  into  the  fog  (we  are  almost 
always  out  of  sight  of  land)  and  flew  around  for  about  four  hours.  I was 
just  going  to  lay  a course  for  home  when  I sighted  land  to  the  south 
where  it  ought  not  be.  On  investigation  it  was  Cape  Barfleur.  So  I. flew 
inland  until  I reached  a French  Airship  Station  and  landed  for  a few 
minutes.  . . . Then  I went  home  (about  eighty  miles,  arriving  at  7 p.m. 
thirteen  hours  over  the  water).  It  was  just  a matter  of  sticking  to  it.  . . . 
Coming  home  I laid  a course,  and  arrived  within  two  miles  of  the  place 
I headed  for,  steering  seventy  miles  out  of  the  eighty  by  compass  only,  so 
you  see  you  can  get  along  pretty  well  without  seeing  land.  . . . Am  Cap- 
tain of  a ship  of  my  own  now,  her  name  is  “Sea  Scout  Zero  39”  and  she 
has  “S  S Z 39”  in  enormous  letters  on  the  envelope.  . . . 

Have  been  for  five  hours  without  seeing  anything  except  gray  sea  below 
and  gray  fog  all  around  — and  have  come  home  when  it  was  so  thick  that 
I could  n’t  see  the  station  a quarter  of  a mile  off  — just  had  to  find 
the  beach,  then  find  the  town  I knew,  then  follow  roads  and  railways  about 
a hundred  feet  off  the  ground  until  I got  to  the  station. 

On  Sept.  8,  1918,  he  wrote  from  East  Fortune,  where  he  had  been 
made  3d  Officer  of  the  R 29: 

Skipped  all  intervening  types  of  ships  and  have  gone  from  the  smallest 
to  the  largest  ship  in  the  service.  The  C.O.  of  my  ship  is  a peach  of  a boy 
and  I ’m  all  happy.  It  seems  funny  to  go  to  bed  a thousand  feet  up  in  the 
air!  But  very  nice.  . . . We  do  patrols  of  one  or  two  days  usually.  . . . 

Previous  to  this,  his  Commanding  Officer  had  written  on  Aug.  17 : 

[ 282  ] 


JOSEPH  WARREN  HOMER,  Jr. 


Group  Headquarters,  Royal  Air  Force 
Warsash,  Hants 


My  dear  Ensign  Homer, 

It  is  with  much  regret  that  you  leave  this  Command  to  go  to  bigger 
ships.  However,  it  is  all  for  your  good,  and  that  is  the  only  consolation 
that  I have  personally.  During  the  time  you  have  been  under  my  com- 
mand at  Polegate  and  the  Mooring-out  Stations  you  have  set  a very  high 
example  in  all-round  efficiency  in  anti-submarine  patrols  and  you  are 
destined  to  do  big  things,  I think,  before  this  war  is  over.  Au  revoir,  and 
the  best  of  good  luck  go  with  you.  I am 

Yours  very  sincerely 


Fraser 


Lt.-Col.,  R.A.F. 


On  Sept.  20,  Homer  wrote  from  East  Fortune  to  Lieut.  W.  A. 
Edwards,  U.S.N.,  Aide  for  Aviation,  Grosvenor  Gardens,  London, 
saying: 

I am  getting  a good  deal  of  experience  in  the  handling  of  the  Rigid,  but 
Major  Thomas  thinks  that  I could  learn  more  of  the  construction  by 
going  for  short  periods  to  other  stations  devoted  entirely  to  constructional 
work;  especially  to  Barlow,  where  the  new  R 34  is  building,  and  to  White 
City  where  the  fabric  work  is  done. 

On  Oct.  8 he  was  ordered  to  Wormwood  Scrubbs,  London,  where 
he  had  an  opportunity  to  follow  the  construction  of  the  R 34,  des- 
tined to  make  the  famous  trans- Atlantic  flight.  And  it  is  of  interest 
to  note  that  when  this  British  airship  landed  at  Roosevelt  Field, 
one  of  its  officers  conveyed  a message  of  sympathy  to  the  parents 
of  Ensign  Homer,  testifying  to  the  appreciation  of  those  that  had 
trained  with  their  son  in  England. 

The  final  extract  is  Ensign  Homer’s  description  of  a sunrise 
viewed  from  the  air: 


The  sunrise  over  the  clouds  is  gorgeous  — sublime  — incomparable  — 
untellable.  One  does  n’t  feel  very  poetic  after  one  has  been  out  in  the 
darkness  and  fog  all  night — but  when  the  sun  rises  and  lights  up  the  tops 
of  the  mist  one  forgets  the  war,  the  cold,  the  cramped  legs,  and  glories 
in  the  beauty  of  the  scene.  The  sun  comes  up  out  of  its  cloud  of  gray, 
turning  it  to  a shell-pink.  Then,  as  it  climbs  higher,  it  sets  the  whole  sea 
of  clouds  sparkling  and  seething  — a myriad  of  rainbows,  a mass  of 
majestic,  rolling,  heaving  beauty.  There  is  no  use  in  my  trying  to  explain 
it  — one  must  be  in  it  and  surrounded  by  it  — the  only  bit  of  humanity 
in  all  the  vast  firmament  — then  only  can  it  be  appreciated. 

[ 284  ] 


DONALD  T.  HOOD 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Frederic  C.  and  Myra  (Tucker)  Hood;  was  born  at  Brook- 
line, Mass.,  Feb.  13,  1893.  He  was  fitted  for  college  at  St.  George’s 
School,  Newport,  R.I.,  and  in  1914  graduated  from  Harvard  Col- 
lege, where  he  had  acted  as  manager  of  the  Harvard  baseball  team. 
He  attended  the  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  N.Y.,  in 
Aug.,  1916. 

He  enrolled  at  Washington,  D.C.,  on  Nov.  20,  1917,  as  Lieut, 
(j.g.).  He  was  ordered  to  Akron,  Ohio,  where  he  was  put  in  charge 
of  the  construction  and  testing  of  lighter-than-air  craft  for  the 
Navy.  He  qualified  as  a Naval  Aviator  on  June  28,  1918,  and  was 
a member  of  the  first  crew  to  make  the  flight  from  Akron  to  the 
Atlantic  Coast.  He  was  promoted  to  Lieut,  on  Oct.  1,  1918,  and  was 
released  from  active  service  on  March  4,  1919. 

Lieut.  Hood  has  kindly  written  the  account  of  the  lighter-than- 
air  construction  which  follows: 

Lighter-than-Air  Construction  in  the  United  States 

Lighter-than-air  construction  in  this  country  previous  to  the  war  had 
consisted,  as  far  as  the  Navy  was  concerned,  in  one  non-rigid  dirigible 
balloon,  the  DN  1,  which  was  built  about  1914,  and  used  at  the  Naval 
Air  Station,  Pensacola,  Florida,  and  several  kite  and  free  balloons. 

When  the  United  States  entered  the  war  it  had  had  practically  no  ex- 
perience with  lighter-than-air  craft,  whereas  Germany  had  developed  it 
to  a very  marked  degree  with  their  rigid  airships  previous  to  the  war,  and 
England  had  led  the  Allies  in  development  during  the  war,  with  France 
and  Italy  following. 

The  first  dirigibles  built  during  the  war  were  approximately  160  feet 
long  by  35  feet  in  diameter,  having  a capacity  of  77,000  cubic  feet,  and  a 
displacement  of  about  5400  pounds.  The  fuselage  used  in  these  first  diri- 
gibles was  taken  from  a standard  Navy  training  seaplane,  using  a single 
100-horse-power  Curtiss  motor,  which  gave  the  dirigible  speed  of  about 
forty-eight  miles  an  hour,  an  endurance  of  about  ten  hours  at  full  speed, 
and  a ceiling  of  about  6000  feet. 

During  the  war  about  twenty  of  these  dirigibles  were  built,  and  all  used 
in  this  country  at  our  Naval  Air  Stations  for  patrol  purposes.  At  first, 
due  to  lack  of  experience  both  in  construction  and  operation,  many  diffi- 
culties were  encountered,  but  as  the  manufacturers  had  more  experience 
in  the  construction  of  dirigibles  and  the  Navy  more  experience  in  their 
operation  this  first  type  of  dirigibles  became  very  successful  and  was 
used  to  great  advantage. 


[ 285  ] 


DONALD  T.  HOOD 


The  main  objection  to  the  first  dirigibles  was  their  almost  certain  loss 
if  serious  motor  trouble  developed,  since  they  had  only  one  motor,  and  at 
most  of  our  coastal  stations  on  the  Atlantic  Coast  there  is  a prevailing 
westerly  wind  which  would  drive  them  out  to  sea  in  case  the  motor  stopped. 

Early  in  1918  plans  for  a twin-engine  dirigible  were  got  out  and  the 
first  dirigible  was  flown  successfully  in  the  late  summer  of  the  same  year. 
This  dirigible  was  about  192  feet  long,  41  feet  in  diameter,  had  a capacity 
of  approximately  180,000  cubic  feet,  and  a displacement  of  about  12,600 
pounds;  a maximum  speed  of  about  60  miles  an  hour;  a cruising  speed  of 
about  45  miles  an  hour,  carrying  two  150-horse-power  motors,  and  had 
considerable  bomb  equipment  and  complete  wireless  installation.  The  car 
was  especially  built  for  dirigibles,  being  about  40  feet  long,  and  provided 
space  for  five  to  seven  men  with  available  space  which  could  be  used  for 
bunks  or  storage.  The  two  motors  were  mounted  on  outriggers  amidships 
of  the  car. 

The  first  dirigible  C 1 was  built  and  tried  out  at  Akron,  and  after  being 
successfully  tested  was  flown  from  Akron  to  the  Naval  Air  Station  at 
Rockaway  Beach,  N.Y.,  with  a stop  at  Washington.  This  was  the  first  suc- 
cessful long  flight  over  land  made  in  a dirigible  in  this  country,  although 
this  same  flight  had  been  twice  attempted  before.  This  same  dirigible  was 
used  at  the  Naval  Air  Station  at  Rockaway  for  several  months,  and  was 
then  flown  by  three  stages  to  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Key  West,  Florida. 
Several  duplicates  of  the  C 1 were  built  and  it  was  planned  to  fly  one  of 
them,  the  C 5,  across  the  ocean. 

Kite  balloons,  which  were  built  in  large  numbers,  and  used  for  observa- 
tion purposes  from  battleships,  destroyers,  and  smaller  craft,  formed  a 
most  important  part  of  the  Navy’s  lighter-than-air  programme. 

Free  balloons,  which  were  built  in  small  quantities,  were  used  in  ele- 
mentary flight  training  by  all  lighter-than-air  officers  in  order  to  instruct 
them  in  the  effects  of  varying  atmospheric  conditions  upon  a balloon.  The 
free  balloon  consists  of  a spherical  envelope  around  which  a net  is  placed 
which  supports  a basket,  and  the  balloon  having  no  propelling  forces, 
moves  with  the  wind,  and  can  only  be  controlled  up  or  down  by  throwing 
over  ballast  or  valving  gas.  Training  in  free  balloons  was  essential,  as  the 
effects  of  varying  atmospheric  conditions  on  the  gas  in  the  envelope  are 
the  largest  factors  in  the  operation  of  lighter-than-air  craft.  Also,  when 
the  motor  of  a dirigible  stops  or  a kite  balloon  breaks  away,  they  both 
become  essentially  free  balloons  and  must  be  treated  as  such. 

Akron  was  really  the  centre  of  balloon  manufacturing  and  development 
because  of  the  rubber  companies  situated  there.  The  companies  were  the 
logical  manufacturers  of  lighter-than-air  craft,  because  a balloon  envelope 
is  made  of  a rubberized  light-weight  cloth  or  silk,  and  the  development  of 
this  fabric  is  of  utmost  importance. 

The  Navy  purchased  and  built  a station  near  by  Akron  for  test  and 
construction  purposes  where  the  dirigibles  were  assembled  and  tested. 

[ 286  ] 


GEORGE  DANA  ANDERSON 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  James  Robb  and  Katharine  Dana  Anderson,  of  Somerville, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Denver,  Col.,  June  6,  1895.  He  attended  the 
Somerville  public  schools,  and  entered  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Tech- 
nology, where  he  remained  for  two  years.  He  took  three  years  at 
Boston  University,  being  granted  leave  of  absence  in  May,  1917,  to 
enlist.  He  trained  with  the  R.O.T.C.,  and  on  June  30,  1917,  en- 
rolled as  seaman,  second  class,  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.,  and  was  ordered 
to  the  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School  at  M.I.T.,  where  he  trained 
until  ordered  overseas  Oct.  20,  1917. 

On  reaching  London  he  was  sent  to  Roehampton,  for  kite  bal- 
loon and  dirigible  training,  and  from  there,  on  Dec.  10,  he  was  or- 
dered to  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Station,  Cranwell,  Lincolnshire.  On 
Feb.  20,  1918,  he  was  sent  to  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Station  at  East 
Fortune,  Scotland,  where  his  duties  consisted  of  fleet  reconnaissance, 
anti-submarine  work,  and  convoy  duty.  He  was  commissioned  En- 
sign, with  Pilot’s  license,  in  March,  1918. 

After  a few  weeks  as  Second  Officer,  at  East  Fortune,  he  acted  as 
Captain  of  one  of  the  ships  at  this  station,  where  he  remained  for 
seven  months.  In  Oct.,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.),  and 
was  ordered  to  the  Royal  Naval  Construction  Station,  at  Kings- 
north,  for  a course  in  designs  and  the  rigging  of  airships.  On  Nov.  15 
he  was  sent  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Aviation  Headquarters,  London,  and 
attached  to  the  Bureau  of  Construction;  there  he  did  special  work  on 
repairs  and  testing,  and  on  parachutes,  being  one  of  two  men  who 
volunteered  for,  and  actually  made  two  daring  parachute  jumps. 

On  April  1,  1919,  Lieut.  Anderson  was  ordered  to  Washington, 
D.C.,  for  duty  in  the  Office  of  Naval  Operations.  On  Sept.  1,  1919, 
he  was  appointed  Aide  for  Aviation  Recruiting.  He  performed  ap- 
proximately 500  hours  of  patrol  duty  during  the  war.  Fie  is  still  in 
the  Service. 


[ 288  ] 


RALPH  H.  NORRIS 

Lieutenant  (j.g.),  U.S.N.R.F.C. 

Son  of  Charles  H.  and  Elizabeth  M.  Norris;  was  born  at  Chelsea, 
Mass.,  March  29,  1892.  He  attended  the  Chelsea  public  schools  and 
Sanborn  Seminary,  and  graduated  from  Dartmouth  College. 

He  enlisted  in  May,  1917,  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.C.  at  Boston,  Mass., 
and  was  assigned  to  the  Naval  Aviation  School  at  M.I.T.,  where  he 
received  instruction  in  the  main  rudiments  of  dirigible  and  balloon 
work.  Upon  completing  this  course  he  was  ordered  overseas  to 
London,  Oct.  20,  1917,  and  thence  to  Roehampton  for  kite  balloon 
and  dirigible  training  with  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Service,  where  he 
qualified  as  a Free  Balloon  Pilot.  On  Dec.  10,  1918,  he  was  assigned 
to  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Station  at  Cranwell,  Lincolnshire,  to  qual- 
ify as  a Dirigible  Pilot.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  March,  1918, 
and  Lieut,  (j.g.)  in  Sept.,  1918. 

He  was  assigned  to  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Service  Station  at  Tern- 
broke,  Wales;  from  there  he  went  to  Mullion,  Cornwall,  and  thence 
to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station  at  Paimboeuf,  France,  for  dirigible 
duty  in  connection  with  the  location  of  enemy  submarines.  He  is 
credited  with  two  Hun  submarines. 

Lieut.  Norris  returned  to  the  U.S.  on  Dec.  15,  1918,  being  as- 
signed duty  at  Montauk  Point,  N.Y.,  in  charge  of  the  C 4 and  two 
smaller  dirigibles.  He  represented  the  Naval  Air  Service  at  Mineola, 
during  the  landing  of  the  British  trans-Atlantic  dirigible  R 34.  He 
has  been  assigned  to  the  North  Island  Naval  Air  Station,  Cal., 
where  he  is  still  in  Service. 

Married,  June  25,  1917,  Erdine  L.  Gay. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Clarence  W.  Norris,  Sergeant,  U.S. A.,  Permanent  Detach- 
ment, Overseas  Casual,  Oct.  5,  1917,  to  March,  1919. 


[ 290  ] 


ARTHUR  DOUGLAS  BREWER 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Clifford  M.  and  Harriette  W.  Brewer;  was  born  at  Medford, 
Mass.,  May  4,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  Medford  High  School, 
Phillips  Exeter  Academy,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1919. 

He  enlisted  on  May  21,  1917,  at  the  Charlestown  Navy  Yard,  in 
U.S.N.R.F.  From  June  to  Sept.,  1917,  he  studied  at  the  Goodyear 
Balloon  School,  Akron,  Ohio.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign  on 
Oct.  27,  1917,  and  ordered  to  overseas  duty.  In  France  he  trained 
at  U.S.N.  Air  Station,  Paimboeuf,  France,  from  Nov.,  1917,  to 
Oct.  31,  1918,  where  he  did  excellent  convoy  and  patrol  work  in  a 
zone  mined  and  patrolled  by  the  enemy.  He  was  attached  to  the 
Naval  Air  Station  at  Guipavas,  from  Nov.  1 to  Nov.  23,  1918.  He 
was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g)  on  March  23,  1918,  and  Lieut,  on 
Oct.  1,  1918.  He  was  ordered  back  to  the  U.S.  and  stationed  at 
Bay  Shore,  N.Y.,  from  Dec.  6,  1918,  to  Jan.  8,  1919.  He  was  then 
sent  to  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station  at  Chatham,  on  Jan.  11,  1919,  as 
Dirigible  Officer. 

Lieut.  Brewer  was  cited  by  the  French  Government,  and  by  the 
U.S.  Government. 


Citations 

{From  copy  of  French  citation ) 

I have  the  honor  to  inform  you  that  following  the  ascension  of  twenty- 
five  hours  and  forty-three  minutes  made  on  the  27th  of  April,  1918,  by 
Dirigible  AT  1,  at  the  American  Dirigible  Centre  at  Paimboeuf,  during  a 
wind  of  five  to  twelve  metres,  and  in  a zone  mined  and  patrolled,  I have 
decided  to  record  an  official  statement  of  satisfaction  to: 

Lieutenant  Culbert,  Commanding 
Ensign  Deleno 
Ensign  Brewer 

Ensign  MacCracken,  and  to  the  crew  of  the  AT  1 
with  the  following  motive: 

Have  given  proof,  during  the  course  of  an  ascension  of  twenty-five 
hours  and  forty-three  minutes,  which  constitutes  by  its  duration  a re- 
markable performance,  of  the  most  excellent  qualities  of  endurance,  of 
energy,  of  sang-froid,  and  technical  ability. 

{Signed)  Vice-Admiral  Salaun 

Director-General  of  Submarine  Warfare 


[ 292  ] 


ARTHUR  DOUGLAS  BREWER 


{From  Bureau  of  Navigation,  Washington,  D.C.) 

To  Lieut,  (j.g.)  A.  D.  Brewer,  U.S.N.R.F. 

The  Bureau  is  pleased  to  quote  below  a communication  received  from 
Vice-Admiral  Salaun,  Director-General  Submarine  Warfare,  French  Re- 
public, commending  you  for  the  performance  of  the  Dirigible  AT  1,  follow- 
ing the  ascension  made  on  April  27,  1918.  (Then  follows  quotation  of 
French  citation.)  A copy  of  this  letter  will  be  filed  with  your  official  effi- 
ciency record. 

(Signed)  Hanis  Laning 

Chief  of  Bureau 


DONALD  HERSEY  MERRILL 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Ernest  W.  and  Helen  L.  (Hersey)  Merrill;  was  born  at  Som- 
erville, Mass.,  Jan.  22,  1896.  He  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Somerville,  and  in  the  fall  of  1916  entered  Tufts  College,  taking  an 
engineering  course.  Early  in  1917  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Naval 
Reserve,  and  during  the  summer  was  engaged  in  road  construction 
at  Camp  Devens,  and  also  worked  for  the  Mass.  Highway  Com- 
mission. About  Aug.  20  he  entered  the  Naval  Aviation  Ground 
School  at  M.I.T.,  as  a member  of  Flight  C,  and  on  graduation  in 
Oct.,  1917,  was  one  of  fifteen  men  sent  to  England  for  training. 

He  was  in  active  service  in  England,  engaged  in  patrolling  the 
west  coast  in  search  of  submarines,  until  July,  1918,  when  he  was 
sent  to  France  and  stationed  at  Paimboeuf.  He  was  commissioned 
Ensign  while  in  England,  and  Lieut,  (j.g.)  after  his  arrival  in  France. 
He  returned  to  the  U.S.,  June  22,  1919,  and  after  a short  furlough 
was  sent  to  Norfolk,  Va.  In  the  middle  of  Aug.  he  was  transferred  to 
Panama,  where  he  was  stationed  at  last  accounts. 

Married,  Aug.  9,  1919,  Marion  Roop,  of  Arlington,  Mass. 


[ 294  ] 


* KENNETH  MacLEISH 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F.C.,  Northern  Bombing  Group 
Killed  in  action,  Oct.  14,  1918 

Son  of  Andrew  and  Martha  (Hillard)  MacLeish ; was  born  in  Glen- 
coe, III,  Sept.  19,  1894,  of  distinguished  New  England  ancestry.  He 
prepared  for  college  at  the  Hotchkiss  School,  Lakeville,  Conn.,  and 
at  Treat’s  Tutoring  School,  Helenwood,  Tenn.  He  entered  Yale  Col- 
lege in  the  class  of  1918.  He  was  a member  of  the  freshman  and 
’Varsity  track  teams,  and  of  the  ’Varsity  water  polo  team. 

Before  the  U.S.  entered  the  war,  he  associated  himself  with  a 
group  of  Yale  men  whose  purpose  was  to  establish  a naval  flying 
corps  to  be  placed  at  the  service  of  the  Government  in  case  of  war. 
He  enlisted  in  the  Naval  Reserve  Flying  Corps,  as  an  electrician, 
second  class,  on  March  24,  1917,  and  late  in  March  left  college  for 
West  Palm  Beach,  Fla.,  for  training  in  the  use  of  hydroplanes.  In 
June  he  finished  his  training  at  Huntington,  N.Y.,  where  he  was 
commissioned  Ensign  in  Aug.  1917,  and  served  as  Officer  Instruc- 
tor at  Langley  Field,  Norfolk,  Va.  He  sailed  overseas  in  Oct.,  1917, 
to  France,  and  was  detailed  for  a brief  time  as  Instructor;  then  as- 
signed to  important  inspection  work  at  the  Navy  Assembly  and 
Repair  Bases.  From  the  middle  of  Dec.,  1917,  to  the  middle  of 
March,  1918,  he  trained  at  Moutchic-Lacanau,  France,  Eastleigh 
and  Gosport,  Eng.,  and  at  Turnberry  and  Ayr,  Scotland.  He  was 
ordered  to  the  front,  March  27,  1918,  on  a chasse  machine  at- 
tached to  the  British  Naval  Air  Service.  He  received  a commis- 
sion as  Lieut,  (j.g.)  on  June  23,  1918,  and  was  promoted  to  Lieut, 
in  Aug.,  1919.  From  April  20  to  May  24,  1918,  he  was  attached 
to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station  at  Dunkirk.  Most  of  his  flights  at 
this  time  were  made  with  the  British  Royal  Air  Force,  against  the 
enemy  submarine  bases  at  Zeebrugge  and  Ostend,  the  object  being 
not  only  to  damage  the  mole  and  harbor  works,  but  also  to  catch 
the  submarines  as  they  came  out  at  high  tide.  On  May  24  he  was 
transferred  to  the  7th  A.I.C.  at  Clermont-Ferrand  for  a course  at  the 
U.S.  Aviation  Bombing  School.  In  the  middle  of  July  Lieut.  Mac- 
Leish returned  to  Flanders  and  flew  a two-seater  bombing  machine 
with  the  British  R.A.F.  in  raids  upon  Zeebrugge,  Bruges,  and  other 
points  behind  the  enemy  lines.  Early  in  Sept,  he  returned  to  East- 
leigh, Eng.,  where  he  became  the  First  Flight  Officer.  Early  in  Oct., 


[ 295  ] 


KENNETH  MacLEISH 


1918,  he  declined  a furlough  to  return  for  a few  weeks  to  the  U.S., 
and  applied  for  the  opportunity  to  go  to  the  front  with  the  famous 
British  Combat  Squadron  No.  213,  R.A.F.,  in  the  great  offensive 
which  the  Allies  were  just  beginning  in  Flanders.  On  Oct.  13  he 
was  given  permission  to  join  this  Squadron,  and  on  the  morning 
of  Oct.  14,  1918,  he  went  out  over  the  lines  bringing  down  an 
enemy  plane.  In  the  afternoon  of  the  same  day  he  went  out,  and  was 
seen  to  bring  down  a second  enemy  plane,  and  then,  with  assist- 
ance, a third  enemy  plane.  At  this  juncture  he  and  his  British  com- 
panions were  attacked  by  Germans  in  numbers  three  to  one.  Mac- 
Leish  headed  right  into  the  enemy  and  was  heavily  engaged,  when 
his  five  comrades,  seeing  his  desperate  position,  turned  to  help 
him.  Four  of  the  British  were  brought  down  immediately,  but  Lieut. 
MacLeish  and  the  Flight  Commander  fought  off  the  Germans  in  a 
running  fight  of  sixteen  miles,  at  the  conclusion  of  which  the  Com- 
mander was  brought  down  in  flames  and  MacLeish  killed  in  the 
air,  over  Schoorl,  Belgium.  Not  until  Dec.  26,  1918,  was  his  body 
found  by  the  owner  of  the  Belgian  farm  in  Leffinghe,  where  he 
fell.  He  is  buried  where  he  fell,  his  grave  marked  by  a headstone 
brought  over  by  his  comrades  of  the  U.S.N.R.F.C.  The  Royal  Air 
Force  has  planned  a permanent  memorial  to  mark  the  spot. 

The  night  before  he  left  for  the  front  Lieut.  McLeish  wrote: 

If  I find  it  necessary  to  make  the  supreme  sacrifice,  always  remember 
this  — I am  so  firmly  convinced  that  the  ideals  I am  going  to  fight  for 
are  right  and  splendid  that  I am  happy  to  be  able  to  give  so  much  for 
them.  I could  not  have  any  self-respect,  I could  not  consider  myself  a 
man,  if  I saw  these  ideals  defeated  when  it  lies  in  my  power  to  defend  them. 
So  I have  no  fears;  I have  no  regrets;  I have  only  to  thank  God  for  such 
a wonderful  opportunity  to  serve  Him  and  the  world.  No,  if  I must  make 
the  supreme  sacrifice  I will  do  it  gladly  and  I will  do  it  honorably  and 
bravely,  as  your  son  should,  and  the  life  that  I lay  down  will  be  my  pre- 
paration for  the  grander,  finer  life  that  I shall  take  up.  I shall  live!  You 
must  not  grieve.  I shall  be  supremely  happy  — so  must  you  — not  that 
I have  “gone  West,”  but  that  I have  bought  such  a wonderful  life  at  so 
small  a price  and  paid  for  it  gladly. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Norman  Hillard  MacLeish,  2d  Lieut.,  53d  F.A. 

Archibald  MacLeish,  Capt.,  146th  F.A. 


[ 296  ] 


1 


RICHARD  L.  COOLEY 

Lieutenant  (j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Levi  and  Agnes  (Stimson)  Cooley;  was  born  at  Newtonville, 
Mass.,  Aug.  10,  1895.  He  fitted  for  college  at  the  Mitchell  Military 
School,  and  at  Phillips  Exeter  Academy,  and  entered  Dartmouth 
with  the  class  of  1918. 

On  May  5,  1917,  he  left  college  to  enter  the  American  Ambulance 
Field  Service,  sailing  for  France  with  the  first  Dartmouth  Unit.  He 
returned  to  this  country  in  Oct.,  1917,  and  enlisted  in  Naval  Avia- 
tion, Nov.  20,  1917,  at  Boston,  Mass.  He  was  called  to  active  duty 
Feb.  18,  1918. 

While  training  at  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  he  was  drafted  for 
lighter-than-air  service,  and  sent  to  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Akron, 
Ohio,  April  27,  1918.  After  a preliminary  course  in  lighter-than-air 
work,  he  was  assigned  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  for  dirigible  training, 
June  20,  1918.  He  received  his  commission  as  Ensign,  Aug.  22,  1918, 
and  acted  as  an  Instructor  at  Pensacola.  In  Oct.,  1918,  he  was 
placed  in  charge  of  bombing  instruction  in  the  lighter-than-air 
section.  At  the  end  of  Oct.,  he  was  recommended  for  junior  lieu- 
tenancy. 

He  was  returned  to  inactive  duty,  Dec.  9,  1918.  He  received  pro- 
motion to  Lieut.  (j.g.),  March  1,  1919;  commission  to  date  back  to 
Jan.  1,  1919. 


[ 298  ] 


* CLYDE  NORTON  PALMER 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Northern  Bombing  Group 
Killed  in  accident,  Sept . 14,  1918 

Son  of  Winfield  H.  and  Mary  E.  (McGrath)  Palmer;  was  born  at 
Malden,  Mass.,  May  17,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Malden  High 
School,  and  at  the  Wentworth  Institute,  graduating  in  1917.  He 
attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  July,  1916. 

In  Aug.,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.  at  Boston,  Mass.; 
trained  at  M.I.T.,  and  later  at  Pensacola,  Fla.  He  was  sent  over- 
seas in  April,  1918,  having  received  his  commission  as  Ensign  in 
Feb.,  1918.  He  trained  in  France  until  June,  at  Moutchic-Lacanau, 
Gironde.  He  was  then  sent  to  Italy  to  train  for  night  bombing  with 
Caproni  machines,  at  Malpensa.  Ensign  Palmer  was  brevetted  in 
Italy  in  July,  1918,  and  was  made  First  Pilot  in  the  same  month. 
After  finishing  his  training,  he  was  sent  on  a special  mission,  to  test 
out  and  pilot  a new  600-horse-power  Caproni  bombing-machine, 
ordered  by  the  U.S.  In  this  machine  he  flew  from  Milan  over  the 
Alps  to  Paris.  The  flight  was  made  in  seven  hours,  actual  flying 
time,  with  landings  at  Turin,  Lyons,  Dijon,  and  Paris.  From  Paris 
he  was  ordered  to  the  Northern  Bombing  Group,  Field  A. 

He  was  killed  in  an  accident  at  St.-Inglevert,  France,  on  Sept.  14, 
1918,  and  was  buried  in  the  Military  Cemetery  at  Calais,  France. 

Married,  March  23,  1918,  Dorothy  Keniston. 


[ 300  ] 


WILLIAM  PENN  WHITEHOUSE,  Second 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.A.F.;  Chief  Pilot,  U.S.  Naval  Air 
Station,  Paimbceuf,  France 

Son  of  Robert  Treat  and  Florence  (Brooks)  Whitehouse;  was  born 
in  Portland,  Me.,  on  Aug.  9,  1895.  He  graduated  from  Harvard 
College  in  1917. 

He  volunteered  for  Naval  Aviation  at  the  Charlestown  Navy 
Yard  on  April  16,  1917,  and  was  at  once  assigned  to  the  Dirigible 
Training  Camp  at  Akron,  Ohio.  After  six  months’  training,  he  was 
graduated  as  a balloonist  and  Dirigible  Pilot,  being  among  the  first 
six  officers  qualified  for  that  service  in  America.  He  received  his 
commission  as  Ensign  on  Oet.  31,  and  in  Nov.,  1917,  was  ordered 
overseas. 

He  was  stationed  at  Rochfort-sur-Mer,  France,  where  he  re- 
mained for  two  months,  and  from  there  he  was  transferred  to 
Paimbceuf  on  the  south  side  of  the  Loire  River,  where  the  largest 
lighter-than-air  station  on  the  coast  of  France  was  situated.  There 
he  organized  the  first  meteorological  weather  bureau  station  for  air 
service  on  the  coast  of  France.  Subsequently  he  was  sent  to  England 
to  make  a special  study  of  aviation  gunnery  at  the  leading  English 
stations.  On  his  return  to  Paimbceuf,  he  was  detailed  to  patrol  the 
coast  for  submarines  and  convoy  the  transports  to  the  port  of  St.- 
Nazaire.  He  was  one  of  the  officers  on  the  dirigible  ordered  to  con- 
voy the  George  Washington  with  President  Wilson  on  board,  into 
the  port  of  Brest.  He  was  promoted  to  Lieut,  (j.g.)  on  March  29, 
1918,  and  to  Lieut,  on  Oct.  1,  1918.  For  the  last  four  months  of  the 
war  Lieut.  Whitehouse  was  Chief  Pilot  at  Paimbceuf.  Before  he 
left  for  the  U.S.,  he  was  appointed  to  compile  the  history  of  all  the 
American  Naval  Air  Stations  in  France. 

Lieut.  Whitehouse  was  given  his  inactive  service  papers  at  the 
U.S.N.  Air  Station,  Bay  Shore,  N.Y.,  on  March  28,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Robert  Treat  Whitehouse,  Jr.,  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.C.,  U.S.N. 

Air  Station,  Le  Croisic,  France. 


[ 302  ] 


ROBERT  TREAT  WHITEHOUSE,  Jr. 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.C.,  U.S.N.  Air  Station,  Le  Croisic,  France 

Son  of  Robert  Treat  and  Florence  (Brooks)  Whitehouse;  was  born 
at  Portland,  Me.,  Jan.  10,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  Phillips  Exeter 
Academy,  and  at  Harvard  College.  At  college  he  was  a member  of 
the  1919  cross-country  team,  and  belonged  to  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C. 
During  his  sophomore  year  he  enlisted  at  Newport,  R.I.,  on  May  11, 

1917,  in  the  U.S.  Naval  Reserve,  for  active  duty  on  patrol  boats. 
On  Oct.  1,  1917,  he  was  transferred  to  Naval  Aviation,  and  assigned 
to  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  with  Flight  6.  On  Dec.  1,  1917,  he 
was  sent  to  the  Naval  Air  Station,  at  Hampton  Roads,  Va.,  for 
flying  instruction.  He  was  later  ordered  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  for 
further  training. 

He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  N.R.F.C.,  on  Feb.  12,  1918,  and 
sailed  overseas  in  March.  He  was  then  assigned  to  the  Naval  Air 
Station  at  Moutehic-Lacanau,  France,  for  a four  months’  course  on 
seaplane  piloting  and  bombing.  Subsequently  he  was  transferred  to 
the  Naval  Air  Station  at  Le  Croisic,  on  the  northwest  coast  of 
France,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Loire  River,  near  St.-Nazaire,  the  port 
at  which  a large  portion  of  the  American  troops  disembarked.  Here 
he  was  on  active  submarine  patrol  duty  from  July  11  to  Dec.  12, 

1918,  as  seaplane  pilot,  flying  the  (French)  Tellier  type  of  seaplane, 
convoying  Allied  ships,  patrolling,  and  bombing  submarines.  He 
returned  to  the  U.S.  on  Dec.  24,  1918,  and  was  placed  on  inactive 
duty  in  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Force,  Jan.  9,  1919.  He  then  completed 
his  course  at  Harvard  College. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

William  Penn  Whitehouse,  2d  Lieut.  U.S.N.A.F.,  Chief  Pilot, 
U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Paimboeuf,  France. 


[ 304  ] 


ALBERT  CUSHING  READ 

Lieutenant-Commander,  NC  4,  A.S.,  U.S.N. 

I 

Son  of  the  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Joseph  B.  Read;  was  born  at  Lyme,  N.H., 
in  1887.  He  attended  the  public  schools  at  Lyme,  and  later  the 
Whitman  High  School,  Whitman,  Mass.,  from  which  he  graduated 
in  1903.  He  was  immediately  appointed  to  the  Naval  Academy  at 
Annapolis,  and  graduated  with  high  honors. 

As  an  Ensign,  he  saw  considerable  service  on  various  battleships 
and  cruisers.  In  1908  he  was  sent  to  the  Pacific  Station,  serving 
there  until  1911,  when  he  was  ordered  home  from  Nagasaki,  Japan. 
In  July,  1915,  when  interest  in  Aviation  was  being  stimulated  by 
the  Great  War,  he  was  sent  to  the  aeronautical  station  at  Pensa- 
cola, Fla.,  for  a course  in  Aviation.  At  that  time  he  held  the  rank  of 
Lieut.  In  May,  1916,  he  was  detached  from  the  Aviation  Service  and 
sent  to  the  battleship  North  Carolina , but  he  was  ordered  back  to 
air  work  again  in  June,  1917,  when  he  was  placed  in  charge  of  the 
Air  Station  at  Bay  Shore,  N.Y. ; he  was  then  a Lieut.-Commander. 
When  the  battleship  North  Carolina  was  equipped  with  hydro- 
planes for  experimental  flights  from  the  decks,  Lieut.-Commander 
Read  and  Lieut.-Commander  Bellinger  were  assigned,  with  others, 
for  special  service,  and  visited  the  Navy  Yard  at  Portsmouth,  N.H. 
While  he  was  there,  Lieut.-Commander  Read  had  an  accident:  his 
plane  fell,  and  he  was  thrown  into  the  water,  but  escaped  injury. 
Subsequently,  he  served  at  several  naval  air  stations,  including  those 
at  Rockaway  Beach,  Montauk,  Garden  City,  and  Port  Washing- 
ton, N.Y. 

While  he  was  stationed  on  Long  Island  during  the  war,  he  was  in 
charge  of  a number  of  important  tactical  air  manoeuvres,  and  made 
many  flights  offshore  while  the  German  submarines  menaced  the 
coast.  At  this  time  he  was  also  on  the  staff  of  the  Chief  of  Naval 
Operations  at  Washington,  and  was  detached  for  temporary  duty 
in  connection  with  the  camouflaging  of  seaplanes  at  Hampton 
Roads,  Va. 

In  March,  1919,  he  was  selected  to  command  one  of  the  three 
NC  planes  in  the  first  trans-Atlantic  flight,  and  joined  Commander 
John  Henry  Towers  and  Lieut.-Commander  Patrick  Nelson  Lynch 
Bellinger  at  Rockaway.  On  May  8 he  left  Rockaway  at  10.04  a.m. 
in  the  NC  4 for  Halifax,  N.S.,  but  was  forced  down  off  Chatham, 


[ 306  ] 


ALBERT  CUSHING  READ 


Mass.,  by  motor  trouble.  His  plane  rode  the  sea  all  night,  and  put 
in  at  Chatham  Bay  in  the  morning.  On  May  14  he  left  Chatham  for 
Halifax  at  9.05  a.m.,  arriving  at  1.15  p.m.,  flying  340  miles  in  4 
hours  and  10  minutes.  On  May  15  he  left  Halifax  for  Trepassey  at 
9.52  a.m.,  but  was  compelled  to  land  on  the  water  thirty  minutes 
later,  at  Storey  Head.  The  NC  4 arose  again  at  11.47,  and  arrived  at 
Trepassey  at  5.37  p.m.,  having  made  a flight  of  461  miles  in  8 hours 
and  45  minutes  elapsed  time,  or  6 hours  and  20  minutes  actual  fly- 
ing time.  On  May  16  he  left  Trepassey  for  Ponta  Delgada,  Azores, 
at  6.07  p.m.,  arriving  at  Horta,  Azores,  at  9.25  a.m.,  on  May  17, 
and  completing  a journey  of  1200  miles  in  15  hours  and  18  minutes. 
On  May  20  he  left  Horta  for  Ponta  Delgada  at  8.40  a.m.,  arriving 
at  10.24  a.m.,  and  making  the  trip  of  150  miles  in  1 hour  and  45 
minutes.  He  was  held  up  for  a week  by  bad  weather,  but  on  May 
27  left  Ponta  Delgada  for  Lisbon  at  6.18  a.m.,  arriving  at  4.01  p.m., 
flying  800  miles  in  9 hours  and  43  minutes.  On  May  30  he  left  Lis- 
bon for  England  at  1.24  a.m.,  but,  after  flying  100  miles,  was  forced 
to  land  at  the  mouth  of  the  Mondego  River  on  account  of  engine 
trouble.  He  resumed  flight  at  9.38  a.m.,  and  arrived  at  Ferrol, 
Spain,  at  12.45  p.m.,  having  travelled  330  miles  in  11  hours  and  21 
minutes  elapsed  time.  On  May  31  he  left  Ferrol  at  2.27  a.m.,  ar- 
riving at  Plymouth,  Eng.,  at  9.26  a.m.,  flying  475  miles  in  6 hours 
and  59  minutes,  and  completing  the  trans-Atlantic  voyage,  the 
first  successful  venture  of  its  kind  in  the  world’s  history. 


[ 307  ] 


GEORGE  CHURCH 

Chief  Quartermaster,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Balloon  Section 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  H.  C.  Church;  was  born  at  Great  Bar- 
rington, Mass.,  Nov.  26,  1896.  He  graduated  from  the  Berkshire 
School,  Sheffield,  Mass.,  in  1915,  and  attended  the  Sheffield  Scien- 
tific School,  Yale,  class  of  1918. 

He  enlisted  on  April  16,  1917,  at  Newport,  R.I.  Until  Oct.  29, 

1917,  he  was  in  active  service  with  the  Naval  Reserve,  driving  a car 
for  a medical  officer.  From  Feb.  18,  1918,  to  April  29,  1918,  he 
trained  at  the  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School,  M.I.T.  From  April 
30,  1918,  to  May  2,  1918,  he  trained  at  Akron,  Ohio.  On  May  2, 

1918,  on  his  first  balloon  flight,  he  was  thrown  from  the  car  when  it 
struck  a tree,  and  his  back  was  broken.  He  was  on  sick-leave  from 
May  2 to  June  12,  1918,  at  the  hospital  in  Warren,  Ohio,  and  was 
honorably  discharged  on  Oct.  25,  1918.  He  is  still  living,  but  help- 
less, at  his  home  in  Great  Barrington,  Mass.,  being  paralyzed  from 
the  waist  down.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 

EDWARD  ROGERS  HASTINGS,  Jr. 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.  . 

Son  of  Edward  Rogers  and  Caroline  Bartlett  (Tirrell)  Hastings, 
of  Milton,  Mass.;  was  born  at  South  Weymouth,  Mass.,  June  19, 
1893.  He  was  educated  at  Milton  Academy  and  at  Harvard  College. 
He  enlisted  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  on  Nov.  12,  1917,  and  was 
assigned  to  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  where  he  remained  from 
Nov.  24,  1917,  to  Jan.  6,  1918.  He  was  then  transferred  to  Prince- 
ton, N.J.,  where  he  was  stationed  from  Jan.  6 to  Feb.  2,  1918.  He 
received  further  training  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  from  Feb.  2 
to  April  1;  at  Chanute  Field,  Rantoul,  111.,  from  April  1 to  July  2; 
and  at  Brooks  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  from  July  20  to  Sept.  7. 
He  was  subsequently  ordered  to  Call  Field,  Wichita  Falls,  Tex., 
where  he  remained  from  Sept.  7,  1918,  until  Jan.  3,  1919,  instruct- 
ing, and  transporting  aerial  mail.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut, 
at  Chanute  Field,  June  12,  1918,  and  appointed  Instructor.  He 
was  honorably  discharged  on  Jan.  3,  1919,  at  Call  Field. 


[ 308  ] 


GEORGE  RICHMOND  FEARING,  Jr. 

Lieutenant-Commander,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  George  R.  and  Harriet  (Graves)  Fearing,  of  Boston,  Mass. ; 
was  born  in  New  York  City,  Feb.  20,  1871.  He  attended  the  Cutler 
Preparatory  School,  N.Y.,  graduated  from  Harvard  College,  A.B. 
1893,  and  from  the  Harvard  Law  School.  He  was  a member  of  the 
Harvard  track  team  four  years,  football  team  one  year,  crew  one 
year,  and  was  once  U.S.  champion  in  court  tennis,  and  five  times  at 
racquets  (doubles). 

He  attended  the  First  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg, 
and  in  Feb.,  1916,  enlisted  in  the  Mass.  Naval  Militia,  Aviation 
Section,  and  trained  at  Marblehead,  Mass.,  receiving  instruction 
in  Aviation  at  Misery  Island  for  two  weeks  in  Sept.,  1916. 

Early  in  1917  he  was  elected  to  the  Mass.  Public  Safety  Com- 
mittee, as  head  of  Aviation  Section  of  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs. 
This  committee  examined  about  1000  candidates  for  U.S.  Naval 
Aviation,  accepting  about  350,  who  entered  the  Naval  Reserve 
Flying  Corps.  On  May  7,  1917,  he  enrolled  in  U.S.N.R.F.  as  En- 
sign, having  resigned  from  the  Mass.  Naval  Militia  on  the  same  day. 

He  was  ordered  overseas  Aug.  16,  1917,  to  Paris;  from  there  he 
was  ordered  to  Houstin,  Gironde,  a French  flying  school,  and  placed 
in  charge  of  the  American  aviators  in  training  there.  About  Nov.  1 
he  was  transferred  to  Paris  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Aviation  Head- 
quarters. 

He  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.)  as  of  Feb.  1,  1918;  and  Lieut, 
as  of  March  23,  1918.  Lieut.  Fearing  was  made  liaison  officer  with 
U.S.  Air  Service;  also  one  of  executive  committee  of  five  of  Naval 
Aviation;  in  addition,  he  served  as  a Naval  member  of  the  Foreign 
Committee  of  Aircraft  Production  Board  while  it  functioned;  he 
was  subsequently  made  Chief  of  Aviation,  U.S.  Naval  Aviation 
Foreign  Service.  He  removed  to  London  when  the  U.S.  Naval  Avia- 
tion Headquarters  was  transferred,  and  acted  as  head  of  the  Plan- 
ning Section  there.  He  was  promoted  to  Lieut.-Commander,  as  of 
Sept.  30,  1918.  Returning  to  the  U.S.,  Lieut.-Com.  Fearing  was 
placed  on  inactive  duty,  Jan.  14,  1919. 

Married,  March,  1897,  Hester  Sullivan  Cochrane. 


[ 310  ] 


HENRY  FORSTER 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Northern  Bombing  Group 

Son  of  Frederick  Prentiss  and  Edith  (Allen)  Forster,  of  Milton, 
Mass.;  was  born  in  New  York  City,  March  21,  1889.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  Groton  School,  Groton,  Mass.,  and  at  Harvard  College, 
A.B.  1911.  At  Harvard  he  rowed  on  the  freshman  eight-oared  crew 
in  1908,  and  on  the  ’Varsity  foar-oared  crew  in  1909  and  1910.  Pre- 
vious to  the  war  he  served  two  and  a half  years  in  Squadron  A, 
Cavalry,  National  Guard,  N.Y.,  and  six  months  in  the  2d  Battal- 
ion, Naval  Militia,  N.Y. 

He  enlisted  in  the  French  Army  Aviation  Service  on  June  21, 
1917,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Lafayette  Flying  Corps.  He  trained 
at  Avord,  France,  from  June  22  to  Nov.  24,  1917,  graduating  as 
“Caporal  Pilote”  on  Nov.  1,  1917.  He  was  then  ordered  to  Pau, 
where  he  remained  from  Nov.  27  to  Dec.  17,  1917.  On  Dec.  19  he 
was  transferred  to  the  Aviation  Depot  at  Plessis-Belleville  and 
stayed  there  until  Jan.  27,  1918.  From  April  to  July,  1918,  he  served 
at  the  front  on  patrol  duty.  After  he  had  spent  the  required  number 
of  hours  over  the  enemy’s  lines,  he  was  promoted  to  “Sergent 
Pilote”  on  May  16,  1918.  He  worked  with  Division  Nieuport  and 
Spad,  and  on  June  1,  1918,  was  attached  to  Escadrille,  C 74,  Sec- 
tion Spad,  Br.  224,  Section  Spad,  Spa  102,  and  Spa  15,  G.C.  13. 

He  was  transferred  to  the  U.S.N.R.F.,  with  an  Ensign’s  com- 
mission, on  July  19,  1918.  He  served  at  the  Dunkirk  Station  from 
Aug.  8 to  24,  1918,  and  then  attended  the  Bombing  School  at  Bos- 
combe,  Devon,  Eng.,  from  Sept.  7 to  Oct.  22,  1918,  learning  to  fly 
big  machines.  He  was  then  ordered  to  Calais,  France,  with  the 
Northern  Bombing  Group.  He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  on  Feb.  26,  1919. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Frederick  A.  Forster,  2d  Lieut.,  U.S.A.,  305th  Infantry;  killed 
in  accident. 

Horace  W.  Forster,  Capt.,  U.S.A.,  Troop  K,  2d  Cavalry, 
A.E.F. 

Reginald  Forster,  Private,  U.S.A.,  11th  Field  Artillery,  A.E.F. 

Gardner  Forster,  Driver,  Italian  Ambulance  Field  Service. 


[ 312  ] 


*BRADSTREET  PARKER 

Cadet,  U.S.N.  Aviation  Detachment 

Died  of  'pneumonia.  Sept.  21,  1918 

Son  of  George  S.  and  Grace  M.  Parker;  was  born  at  Salem,  Mass., 
April  13,  1897.  He  attended  the  public  and  private  schools  of  Salem; 
graduated  as  president  of  his  class,  from  the  Hackley  School,  Tarry- 
town,  N.Y.,  and  entered  Harvard  College,  class  of  1919,  where  he 
remained  until  the  end  of  his  sophomore  year,  when  he  left  to 
enter  business  with  his  father,  in  Parker  Bros.  Inc.,  of  Salem  and 
New  York.  At  college  he  played  football,  baseball,  and  hockey. 

He  attended  the  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg  in  the 
summer  of  1916,  receiving  his  diploma  on  Aug  8.  On  June  18,  1918, 
he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Naval  Aviation  Detachment  at  M.I.T., 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  attached  to  Co.  28,  which  graduated  on  Oct.  7, 
1918.  After  three  months  of  training,  he  died  of  pneumonic-influ- 
enza on  Sept.  21,  1918,  before  finishing  this  course.  His  record 
called  forth  high  praise  from  his  Commanding  Officer,  who  wrote 
to  Parker’s  family  regarding  his  admirable  work. 

Pr.  Parker’s  record  here  was  excellent,  both  in  academic  work  and  in 
his  aptitude  for  the  Service,  and  there  is  no  doubt  that  he  would  have 
proved  a great  credit  to  our  school  and  the  Navy  at  large  had  his  life 
been  spared. 

Married,  Dec.  15,  1916,  Ruth  Comfort  Mansfield,  of  Brookline, 
Mass. 


[ 314  ] 


* RALPH  ROBY  McCORMACK 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Killed  in  seaplane  accident,  Feb.  7,  1919 

Son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  J.  McCormack;  was  born  at  East  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  Jan.  8,  1897.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
East  Boston,  the  High  School  of  Commerce,  Boston,  and  at  the 
Mass.  Agricultural  College.  He  was  coxswain  in  his  junior  year  at 
the  High  School  of  Commerce,  and  won  medal  for  high  jump  at 
interscholastic  meet  in  1912. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Naval  Aviation  Detachment  at  M.I.T.,  on 
May  29,  1918,  and  after  ten  weeks’  training  there,  was  sent  to  Key 
West,  Fla.;  then  to  Miami,  and  subsequently  to  Pensacola,  where 
he  was  commissioned  Ensign  on  Dec.  11,  1918. 

On  Feb.  7,  1919,  he  was  killed  with  two  other  naval  aviators, 
when  the  seaplane  in  which  they  were  flying  fell  into  Pensacola  Bay. 
The  machine  was  seen  in  a nose-dive  over  the  channel,  but  nothing 
was  thought  of  it  until  the  men  failed  to  return;  then  an  alarm  was 
sounded  and  the  wreckage  was  discovered.  The  bodies  were  later 
recovered,  and  Ensign  McCormack  was  buried  at  Winthrop,  Mass. 

Ensign  McCormack  wrote  home  enthusiastically  of  his  work: 

Flying  is  wonderful!  I had  my  first  “hop”  on  Tuesday,  just  at  sundown, 
and  I really  cannot  do  it  justice.  After  climbing  to  2000  feet,  spiralled 
down  to  1500,  nose-dived  to  1000,  and  then  glided,  long  and  easily,  to  the 
water  wdth  the  “stick”  (propeller)  purposely  dead.  It  only  lasted  nine 
minutes,  but  in  that  time  we  covered  fifteen  miles.  I was  n’t  at  all  afraid, 
and  all  my  senses  were  alive  to  new  sensations. 

“Taking-off,”  leaving  the  water  for  the  air,  was  far  different  than  I 
expected.  Just  a deliciously  free  sensation,  accompanied  by  great  speed, 
excessive  wind  pressure,  the  roar  of  the  exhaust,  and  the  slight  tilting  and 
bucking  of  the  plane  as  she  first  takes  the  air.  You  climb  steadily  and 
gradually  higher  and  higher,  taking  care  all  the  time  to  keep  on  the  course. 
Soon  the  harbor  unfolds  beneath  you.  We  are  now  approaching  the  fort 
and  soon  pass  directly  over  it  and  on  and  out  over  the  ships.  Our  air  speed 
has  varied  from  85  to  95  miles  an  hour,  but  our  tachometer  and  ther- 
mometer indicate  a healthy  engine  condition. 

We  now  bank  and  turn  sharply  to  the  right;  the  floor  of  the  ocean  is 
plainly  seen  and  several  sharks  and  porpoises  are  easily  seen.  We  dart 
through  a low-hanging  cloud  and  glimpse  on  the  far  horizon  several  white 
sails.  Directly  before  us  stretch  the  Keys  for  miles  and  miles,  and  in  the 
west  a large  red  sun  is  sinking. 

The  cloud  effects  are  wonderful,  and  we  do  some  tall  thinking. 

[ 316  ] 


PHILIP  DUDLEY  MOSSER 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Enlisted  in  April,  1917,  at  which  time  he  was  a senior  at  Cornell 
University.  He  entered  the  coast  patrol,  and  served  on  a patrol 
boat  in  Long  Island  Sound.  In  Oct.,  1917,  he  transferred  to  the 
Naval  Aviation  Service,  and  was  sent  to  the  M.I.T.  Naval  Avi- 
ation Ground  School.  Upon  completion  of  the  course  there,  he  was 
transferred  to  the  Naval  Air  Station,  at  Bay  Shore,  N.Y.  He  was 
commissioned  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.  On  May  4,  1918,  he  fell  in  his 
hydroplane,  and  his  skull  was  fractured.  He  recovered  from  this 
accident,  although  the  injury  to  one  eye  prevented  him  from 
further  flying.  He  was  subsequently  appointed  a ground  officer, 
and  stationed  at  Pensacola,  Fla.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


CHARLES  B.  MILLER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Nathan  and  Emma  F.  Miller;  was  born  at  Fall  River,  Mass., 
May  14,  1889.  He  was  educated  at  the  Durfee  High  School  and  at 
Phillips  Exeter  Academy.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  on  Jan.  16,  1918,  and  was  assigned  to  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School.  He  received  further  training  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.; 
at  Carruthers  Field,  Benbrook,  Tex.,  and  at  Barron  Field,  Ever- 
man,  Tex.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  March  10,  1919,  and 
honorably  discharged  from  the  Service  at  Barron  Field,  Everman, 
Tex.  March  12,  1919. 


[ 318  ] 


*11ALPII  TUPPER  ROGERS 

Ensign,  U.S.N.A.S.,  Eighth  Squadron 
Died  in  Service , Jan.  8,  1919 

Son  of  George  F.  and  Ida  M.  Rogers,  of  Roslindale,  Mass.;  was 
born  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  Oct.  9,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Medford  High  School  and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology. 
At  the  high  school  he  won  honors  in  French.  Previous  to  enlisting 
he  took  a course  in  Aviation  at  the  M.I.T.  He  was  a sergeant  in  the 
Boys’  Brigade  at  Medford,  and  was  attached  to  the  Church  Cadets 
in  high  school. 

On  May  25,  1918,  he  enlisted  in  U.S.  Aviation,  at  Cambridge, 
Mass.  He  was  trained  at  Miami,  Fla.,  being  attached  to  the  8th 
Squadron.  He  was  then  sent  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  to  finish  his  flying 
courses.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  and  had  just  completed  his 
training  when  he  was  taken  ill  and  died  at  Pensacola,  on  Jan.  8, 
1919.  He  is  buried  at  Forest  Hills  Cemetery,  Mass. 

Ensign  Rogers  worked  very  hard  and  with  great  enthusiasm  for 
the  Service  that  he  loved.  He  had  intended  remaining  in  Aviation 
after  the  war,  had  he  lived.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


PHILIP  L.  CHENEY 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Charles  Willie  and  Flora  (Hutchinson)  Cheney;  was  born  at 
Brookline,  Mass.,  Dec.  29,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Mohegan 
Lake  School,  the  Volkmann  School,  and  at  Harvard  College, 
where  he  trained  with  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.  On  May  29,  1918, 
he  enlisted  at  the  Boston  Navy  Yard,  and  was  assigned  to  Co.  24, 
at  the  M.I.T.,  for  the  ground  school  course,  from  May  31  to 
Aug.  20,  1918.  He  was  sent  to  Miami,  Fla.,  where  he  was  trained, 
from  Aug.  23  to  Oct.  26,  in  elementary  flying.  For  advanced  work 
in  flying  he  was  ordered  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  where  he  remained 
from  Oct.  28  to  Dec.  28.  He  was  then  transferred  to  Hampton 
Roads,  Va.,  for  work  in  aerial  navigation.  He  was  stationed  there 
from  Dec.  30,  1918,  to  March  6,  1919,  and  was  commissioned 
Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Jan.  13,  1919.  He  was  relieved  of  all  active 
duty  at  Hampton  Roads,  March  8,  1919. 

[ 320  ] 


*JOHN  SQUIRE  BUCHANAN,  Second 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Drowned  in  seaplane  accident,  April  25,  1919 

Son  of  Neil  Ellsworth  and  Ella  J.  Buchanan;  was  born  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  Oct.  31,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  the  Rice  Grammar,  Me- 
chanic Arts  High  School,  and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology. 

He  served  at  the  Mexican  Border  from  July  2 to  Oct  28,  1916, 
with  Battery  F,  1st  Mass.  Regiment,  F.A.,  N.G. 

On  June  13,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.,  for  Aviation,  at 
Boston,  and  was  trained  with  the  U.S.  Naval  Aviation  Detachment, 
M.I.T.,  from  Aug.  9 to  Sept  29,  1917;  and  at  Pensacola,  Fla., 
Oct.  4 to  Dec.  22,  1917.  On  Dec.  22,  1917,  he  was  appointed  Naval 
Aviator,  No.  276,  at  Pensacola;  and  served  at  Pensacola  in  that 
capacity  until  Feb.  9,  1918.  On  Jan.  17,  1918,  he  was  commissioned 
Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  and  was  ordered  overseas  to  France,  Feb.  7, 

1918. 

Lieut.  Buchanan  saw  service  in  France  at  U.S.N.A.S.,  Moutchic- 
Lacanau,  Gironde;  Panillac;  Le  Croisic,  Loire;  and  St.-Trojan, 
Charente-Inferieure.  He  won  the  Croix  de  Guerre  for  a number  of 
rescues  made  in  the  Bay  of  Biscay,  famous  for  its  perilous  winds 
and  waves,  and  for  many  other  attempted  rescues  in  near-by  re- 
gions. He  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.)  on  Aug.  5,  1918. 

He  sailed  for  the  U.S.  on  Dec.  22,  1918,  and  was  detailed  to  the 
U.S.N.A.S.  at  Chatham,  Mass.,  where  he  remained  up  to  the  time 
of  his  death. 

Lieut.  Buchanan  was  drowned  in  Cape  Cod  Bay  on  April  25, 

1919,  the  day  of  the  parade  in  honor  of  the  26th  Division.  With 
him  were  Ensign  John  G.  Howard,  of  Rochester,  N.Y.,  and  Elec- 
trician Bernard  Tornes.  The  plane  was  one  of  a patrol  which  had 
been  performing  in  the  air  above  the  parade,  and  was  returning  to 
Chatham  Air  Station,  with  a heavy  gale  blowing.  Carrier  pigeons 
brought  back  the  news  that  their  engine  was  disabled,  and  rescuers 
searched  in  vain  for  them.  The  plane  was  wrecked  and  the  three 
aviators  drowned. 

One  of  the  last  things  Lieut.  Buchanan  did  after  the  parade, 
before  leaving  for  Chatham,  was  to  circle  the  house  in  Boston  where 
his  family  were  watching  him,  and  as  he  made  a turn  to  the  south 
he  waved  them  a last  greeting. 

[ 322  ] 


* CHARLES  L.  OSTRIDGE 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Drowned  in  seaplane  accident , May  19,  1919 

Son  of  Anselm  Arthur  and  Elizabeth  A.  (Bradlee)  Ostridge;  was 
born  at  Watertown,  Mass.,  April  18,  1893.  He  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Watertown,  and  graduated  from  Boston  College  in  1917; 
at  college  he  played  on  the  football  team,  and  during  vacation 
time  was  for  two  years  Life  Guard,  at  the  Metropolitan  Parkway, 
at  Watertown. 

On  May  14,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  and  on  June  26 
was  sent  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  for  training;  there  he  was  commissioned 
Ensign,  Dec.  21,  1917,  and  ordered  overseas.  Arriving  in  England 
he  was  stationed  at  Calshot  and  Benbridge,  and  subsequently  at 
Wight,  and  at  Lough  Foyle,  Londonderry,  Ireland;  later  he  was 
transferred  to  Queenstown,  Ireland.  On  Oct.  1,  1918,  he  was  com- 
missioned Lieut,  (j.g.)*  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  and  was  stationed 
at  Hampton  Roads,  Va.,  and  then  at  Chatham,  Mass.  He  had 
been  but  about  three  weeks  stationed  at  Chatham,  when  he  was 
lost  in  a seaplane  accident,  on  May  19,  1919 

Lieut.  Ostridge  was  present  at  the  garden-party  given  in  Lon- 
don on  June  27,  1918,  for  the  American  officers,  and  was  one  of  a 
group  to  be  photographed  on  that  occasion,  with  the  King  and 
Queen  of  England.  Since  his  death  his  memory  has  been  especially 
honored  by  the  Town  of  Watertown. 


[ 324  ] 


*ERIC  LINGAIID 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Died  of  pneumonia,  Oct.  29,  1918 

Son  of  Adrian  Alexander  and  Adele  Randolf  (Liberick)  Lingard; 
was  born  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Nov.  7,  1891.  He  attended  the  Middle- 
sex School,  Concord,  Mass.,  where  he  rowed  on  the  crew  and  played 
on  the  football  team.  He  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1913, 
and  entered  the  Law  School,  leaving  there  in  the  middle  of  his 
second  year.  At  Harvard  he  played  on  the  ’Varsity  football  team, 
and  was  rated  the  second  strongest  man  in  college. 

In  the  spring  of  1917  he  worked  at  the  Fore  River  Ship  Yards, 
where  he  remained  until  his  enlistment,  Sept.  12,  1917,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  On  Oct.  1 he  entered  the  Naval  Aviation  Ground 
School  at  the  M.I.T.,  and,  after  completing  the  course,  he  finished 
his  training  at  Pensacola,  Fla.  In  April,  1918,  he  was  commissioned 
Ensign,  and  on  April  20  was  detailed  to  the  station  at  Chatham, 
Mass.,  for  patrol  duty,  pending  foreign  orders;  soon  after  his  arrival 
he  was  made  Ordnance  Officer,  in  addition  to  his  other  duties,  and 
was  in  charge  of  this  department  up  to  the  time  of  his  death. 

For  six  weeks  during  the  U-boat  trouble,  Chatham,  the  only  Air 
Station  on  the  coast  from  Cape  Cod  to  Canada,  had  only  eight 
pilots  available  for  a patrol  of  12,000  square  miles,  covered  from 
daylight  to  dark.  Most  of  these  pilots  (including  Lingard)  flew 
seven  or  more  hours  daily. 

Lingard ’s  participation  in  the  U-boat  attack  off  Orleans,  Mass.,  is 
described  in  the  following  extract  from  the  Service  Record  issued  by 
the  Commanding  Officer  of  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Chatham, 
Mass.  Jan.  3,  1919: 

Ensign  Eric  Lingard  . . . was  the  first  aviator  to  ever  engage  an  enemy 
vessel  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic.  This  was  on  July  21,  1918,  when  a German 
submarine  shelled  a tug  and  four  barges  off  Orleans,  Mass.  Lingard  was 
the  first  pilot  to  reach  the  scene,  flying  one  of  the  H.S.  boats,  and  Special 
Mechanic  Howard,1  who  was  his  observer  on  that  flight,  said:  “Lingard 
is  the  most  wonderful  pilot  I ever  rode  with.  He  flew  exactly  over  the 
centre  of  the  submarine.”  The  bomb  dropped  within  a few  feet  of  the 

1 “Special  Mechanic  Howard,”  an  expert  on  Liberty  motors  (which  he  tested  as  they  were  in- 
stalled), had  flown  with  pilots  of  every  Air  Station  on  the  Atlantic  Coast.  Howard  was  later  as- 
signed to  the  NC  IV  as  Engineer  for  the  first  trans-Atlantic  flight,  but  a few  hours  before  the  start 
his  hand  was  cut  off  by  the  propeller. 


[ 326  ] 


ERIC  L1NGARD 


submarine.  If  the  bomb  had  functioned,  the  submarine  would  have  been 
done  for. 

(Signed)  P.  B.  Eaton 

Captain  of  Engineers,  U.S.C.G. 

Commanding 

Lingard,  with  Ensign  E.  M.  Shields,  assistant  pilot,  and  E.  H. 
Howard,  observer,  was  over  the  U-boat  fourteen  minutes  after 
being  ordered  out  for  combat,  and  flew  as  low  as  400  feet  into  the 
enemy’s  gunfire,  facing  destruction  from  his  own  bomb  which  was 
designed  for  altitude  of  1500  feet.  The  U-boat,  250  x 30  feet,  used 
six-inch  and  anti-aircraft  guns.  After  Lingard  had  spent  his  one 
bomb,  he  “stood  by”  without  amunition  of  any  kind,  and  with  a 
shaky  plane,  circled  low  over  the  U-boat  to  mark  the  place,  and 
keep  the  U-boat  firing  at  him  and  therefore  “awash,”  until  the  ar- 
rival of  Captain  Eaton,  whose  bomb  also  failed  to  function.  Al- 
though the  U-boat  was  not  destroyed,  yet  the  Chatham  Air  Patrol 
accomplished  its  purpose,  as  shown  by  the  following  extract  from 
affidavit  made  by  Lieut.  E.  E.  Williams,  then  Executive  Officer  of 
the  Chatham  Naval  Air  Station,  and  initialled  by  the  Command- 
ing Officer: 

The  enemy  was  attacked  and  driven  away  and  never  again  appeared  so 
near  the  shores  of  the  United  States.  It  is  reasonably  certain  that  had  the 
U-boat  not  been  attacked  from  the  air,  she  would  have  destroyed  Chatham 
and  Orleans  (both  towns  less  than  four  miles  away),  not  because  of  any 
possible  military  value,  but  for  the  decided  moral  effect  that  such  destruc- 
tion would  have  had  — just  as  the  English  coast-towns  were  shelled. 

This  was  the  only  engagement  of  the  Great  War  on  this  side  of 
the  Atlantic.  Several  shells  from  the  U-boat  struck  land,  about 
three  miles  away.  Because  Seaplane  H.S.I.L.  1695,  commanded  by 
Lingard,  was  the  first  aircraft  ever  to  defend  the  shores  of  the 
United  States  from  direct  enemy  attack,  this  plane  became  of  his- 
torical interest.  At  the  request  of  the  City  of  Gloucester,  and  by 
order  of  the  Navy  Department,  the  hull  was  turned  over  to  the 
city  officials,  on  July  3,  1919,  so  that,  in  accordance  with  a letter 
from  Secretary  Daniels,  “it  may  be  set  up  in  the  Marine  Park  as  a 
historical  relic  of  the  war.” 

On  Sept.  27,  while  searching  for  a lost  aviator,  Lingard  and  his 
crew  were  wrecked  at  sea  and  taken  to  New  York  by  a Quebec 

[ 328  ] 


ERIC  LINGARD 


steamer.  The  following  is  an  extract  from  “Officers’  Fitness  Re- 
port,” Sept.  30,  1918: 

Very  high  sea  running.  Picked  up  by  S.S.  Parima  after  four  hours. 
Lingard  swam  from  Parima  to  wrecked  flying  boat  with  line  through 
heavy  sea.  Made  line  fast  around  engine.  Liberty  motor  saved  through  his 
efforts. 

Recommended  that  he  be  promoted  to  next  higher  rank. 

(Signed)  P.  B.  Eaton,  Commanding 

On  Oct.  10,  in  response  to  an  S.O.S.  from  a South  American 
steamer  reporting  U-boat  attack,  Lingard  volunteered  as  gunner, 
eager  to  use  the  Davis  machine  gun,  just  arrived  at  the  station. 
The  wind  was  blowing  forty  miles  an  hour,  and  his  plane  was  forced 
down  with  engine  trouble.  In  order  to  lessen  resistance  to  the  waves, 
the  fabric  had  to  be  stripped  from  the  wings.  One  wing  was  battered 
to  pieces,  and  to  keep  the  plane  from  sinking,  Lingard  and  the  as- 
sistant pilot  lay  all  day  and  night  stretched  on  the  bare  framework 
of  the  other  wing  with  the  sea  breaking  over  them  — too  cold  and 
weak  to  touch  food  or  water.  Lingard’s  companion  soon  became 
unconscious,  and  had  to  be  held  on  to  the  wing.  After  tossing  for 
twenty-seven  hours,  the  flyers  were  rescued  by  an  S.P.  boat,  and 
although  the  storm  made  it  almost  impossible  to  transfer  them, 
Lingard  and  Ensign  Shields,  pilot,  insisted  on  saving  the  machine 
gun.  This  long  exposure  resulted  in  Lingard’s  death  from  influenza- 
pneumonia  on  Oct.  29,  1918.  He  was  buried  at  Annisquam,  Mass., 
with  full  military  honors,  seaplanes  flying  over  from  Chatham  to 
drop  flowers. 

Dr.  Henry  van  Dyke,  then  Chaplain,  Lieutenant-Commander, 
U.S.N.R.F.,  in  an  address  to  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Chatham 
Naval  Air  Station,  said  of  Lingard: 

Early  this  morning  one  of  your  best  comrades,  a brave  youth,  a faithful 
officer,  a daring  and  skilful  aviator,  passed  out  of  this  life.  His  death  was 
the  immediate  consequence  of  injury  and  exposure  which  came  to  him  in 
the  course  of  duty  as  an  air  scout  guarding  the  shores  of  our  country. 

Hon.  Franklin  D.  Roosevelt,  then  Acting  Secretary  of  the  Navy, 
in  a letter  of  June  24, 1919  (initialled  by  the  Chief  of  the  Ordnance 
Department  and  the  Director  of  Naval  Aviation),  wrote  to  Lin- 
gard’s sister,  his  only  surviving  relative,  as  follows: 

Your  brother  lived  up  to  the  best  traditions  of  the  Navy  and  I cannot 
speak  too  highly  of  his  gallant  work. 

[ 329  ] 


THOMAS  DUIIFEE 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Samuel  Slater  and  Eliza  (Weeden)  Durfee;  was  born  at 
Providence,  R.I.,  June  3,  1899.  He  was  educated  at  the  Middlesex 
School,  and  at  Harvard  College,  member  of  class  of  1921.  At 
Middlesex  he  played  on  the  baseball  and  football  teams. 

Prior  to  entering  the  Service,  he  trained  at  the  Fort  Perry  Train- 
ing Camp,  in  1916.  On  July  2,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.C. 
at  the  Boston  Navy  Yard,  and  trained  at  the  Naval  Aviation 
Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  beginning  Oct.  1,  1917;  he  continued 
training  at  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Hampton  Roads,  Nov.  25,  1917, 
and  at  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Pensacola,  Fla.,  Jan.  12,  1918.  He 
was  commissioned  Ensign,  Feb.  28,  1918,  and  on  March  8,  1918, 
was  stationed  at  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Chatham,  Mass.,  as  Patrol 
Pilot.  There  he  discharged  the  duties  of  Lieut.,  March  15  to  June  1 ; 
Squadron  Commander,  June  1 to  July  30;  Flight  Commander, 
July  30  to  Oct.  1.  From  Nov.  15  to  April  19,  1919,  he  served  as 
Flight  Commander,  and  for  three  months  as  Assistant  Executive 
Officer. 

Ensign  Durfee’s  report  of  the  submarine  engagement  in  which 
he  took  part  off  Orleans,  Mass.,  follows: 

On  July  21,  1918,  at  10.48,  word  was  received  that  a submarine  was 
shelling  a tug  and  four  barges  off  Nauset  Harbor,  about  five  miles  from 
the  station.  I immediately  had  bombs  put  on  two  planes  which  were  on 
the  point  of  leaving  for  Portland.  At  10.50  the  first  plane  left  the  beach 
with  Durfee  and  Hicks  as  pilots,  and  Cleary  as  observer.  Due  to  spark- 
plug trouble  we  were  unable  to  take  off,  and  returned  to  the  beach.  Two 
minutes  after  we  left,  the  second  plane,  with  Lingard  and  Shields,  pilots, 
and  Howard,  observer,  shoved  off.  They  arrived  on  the  scene  while  the 
submarine  was  still  on  the  surface.  The  first  bomb  was  then  dropped, 
landing  within  forty  feet  of  the  submarine,  but  did  not  function.  After 
firing  a few  shots  at  the  plane,  it  submerged,  but  came  up  shortly,  and 
Lingard  dropped  his  second  bomb.  In  the  meantime  Capt.  Eaton  and 
Ensign  Brown  arrived  in  two  monoplanes  and  both  dropped  a bomb. 
Finally,  my  plane  was  fixed  and  we  got  there  after  the  submarine  had  sub- 
merged a second  time,  but  it  was  still  visible,  and  we  dropped  a bomb, 
which  fell  about  thirty  feet  from  it.  All  the  bombs  failed  to  function  owing 
to  two  reasons:  too  many  safety  devices,  and  too  small  a detonator  and 
booster  charge.  In  all,  five  bombs  were  dropped,  four  of  which  would  have 
probably  totally  disabled  it.  All  the  planes  made  the  attack  from  a height 


[ 330  ] 


TIIOMAS  DURFEE 


of  under  four  hundred  feet.  About  a dozen  shots  were  fired  at  the  first  two 
planes,  several  passing  within  a few  feet  of  their  target. 

On  Oct.  4,  1918,  four  planes  left  Chatham  at  6 a.m.,  en  route  for 
the  Philadelphia  Navy  Yard.  The  pilots  were  Ensign  Durfee, 
Flight  Commander,  Ensigns  Hudson,  Shields,  and  Walker.  At 
9.30  they  reached  Bay  Shore,  completing  the  first  leg  of  the  trip, 
168  miles.  They  left  Bay  Shore  for  Cape  May  at  12  m.  arriving  at 
4 p.m.,  180  miles.  Then  after  re-fuelling  and  a slight  rest,  they  left 
for  Philadelphia,  arriving  without  mishap.  This  was  set  down  as  a 
record  distance  for  a single  day,  and  especially  remarkable  as  the 
planes  were  being  taken  down  for  overhauling  as  unfit  for  further 
patrol  duty.  Ensign  Durfee  holds  the  altitude  record  for  H.S.  2 
with  full  fighting  equipment.  He  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g), 
dating  from  April  1,  1919,  and  was  placed  on  inactive  duty  at  the 
Navy  Yard,  Boston,  April  19,  1919. 


DUDLEY  BOWLES  MURPHY 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  H.  Dudley  and  Caroline  Hutchinson  (Bowles)  Murphy,  of 
Lexington,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Winchester,  Mass.,  July  10,  1897. 
He  was  educated  at  Milton  Academy,  Milton,  and  at  the  Mass. 
Institute  of  Technology.  Prior  to  the  declaration  of  war  he  spent 
one  year  at  an  Army  training  camp  at  Monterey,  Cal.  He  enlisted 
in  the  Air  Service,  April  29,  1917,  at  Cambridge,  Mass.  He  was 
trained  at  Squantum,  Mass.,  and  then  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  from 
May  10,  1917,  till  Jan.  1,  1918.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign, 
Dec.  26,  1917.  Ensign  Murphy  went  overseas,  Jan.  25,  1918.  He 
was  stationed  at  Killingholm,  Eng.,  for  nine  months,  and  spent 
one  month  with  the  Royal  Navy,  at  East  Fortune,  Scotland.  He 
did  250  hours  of  enemy  submarine  patrol  in  the  North  Sea  from 
Feb.  10  to  Nov.  20,  1918.  He  was  credited  with  one  enemy  sub- 
marine by  Commander  Kenneth  Whiting. 

He  received  inactive  duty  orders  at  Bay  Shore,  N.Y.,  Feb.  18, 
1919. 


[ 332  ] 


NUGENT  FALLON 

Lieutenant-Commander,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  John  B.  and  Jennie  E.  (Murphy)  Fallon;  was  born  at  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  March  22,  1884.  He  was  educated  in  the  Boston  public 
schools,  and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology.  In  school  he 
won  the  Franklin  Medal;  and  at  Tech,  he  was  a member  of  the 
crew  and  of  the  track  team.  In  1916  he  went  on  the  civilian  cruise 
of  the  U.S.S.  Kearsarge,  as  a preparation  for  enlistment.  On  May  9, 
1917,  he  enlisted  at  New  York,  in  the  U.S.N.R.,  Class  5 (A.).  He 
began  training  with  the  N.A.  Detachment,  Newport  News,  Va., 
at  the  Curtiss  Co.  School.  He  then  moved  to  Naval  Operating 
Base,  Norfolk,  Va. 

He  was  commissioned  Ensign  in  May,  1917;  was  ordered  over- 
seas and  stationed  at  Headquarters,  London;  then  at  Head- 
quarters, Paris.  He  was  ordered  in  turn  to  U.S.N.  Aviation  Base, 
Moutchic-Lacanau ; French  Flying  Corps,  at  Hourtin,  Gironde; 
and  Royal  Naval  Air  Station,  Felixstowe,  Eng.  He  engaged  in 
numerous  bombing  raids  over  Germany,  and  in  exciting  engage- 
ments in  the  North  Sea. 

On  Nov.  24,  1917,  he  was  recommended  for  a British  medal  for 
gallant  conduct  during  an  encounter  with  a German  submarine, 
but  was  not  allowed  to  accept  such  an  honor  from  a foreign  Gov- 
ernment. 

On  March  12,  1918,  while  he  was  attached  to  the  Royal  Naval 
Air  Fleet  at  Felixstowe,  Eng.,  he  engaged  in  two  air  fights  over  the 
North  Sea,  and  was  commended  to  the  British  Admiralty  by  the 
Admiral  at  the  base.  He  was  flying  at  the  time  in  a British  hydro- 
plane, and  his  wireless  operator  was  shot  and  wounded  seriously  in 
the  neck.  Ensign  Fallon  left  his  seat,  climbed  over  the  wounded 
man,  administered  first  aid,  and  returned  to  his  place,  bringing  the 
plane  safely  to  landing.  It  was  in  reference  to  this  deed  that  Lieut. 
Edwards,  Aide  for  Aviation,  U.S.A.,  wrote  to  him  in  part  as 
follows: 

x\ccept  my  hearty  congratulations  on  the  splendid  fight  which  you  put 
up  against  the  Huns.  I think  I may  safely  say  that  in  consequence  your 
promotion  is  assured,  and  that  you  will  be  sent  a very  strong  letter  of 
commendation  on  the  fine  work  which  you  have  accomplished. 


[ 333  ] 


NUGENT  FALLON 


He  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.)  in  March,  1918;  Lieut,  in 
June,  1918;  and  Lieut. -Commander  in  Oct.,  1918. 

In  recognition  of  his  service  Lieut. -Commander  Fallon  was 
ordered  back  to  the  U.S.  and  appointed  Aide  to  the  Commanding 
Officer  at  Pensacola,  Fla.  Later  he  was  ordered  to  Washington, 
D.C.,  in  charge  of  the  Ground  School,  and  following  that  to  the 
Naval  Detachment,  M.I.T.,  Boston,  as  Executive  Officer.  He  was 
put  on  inactive  duty  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Feb.  1,  1919. 

Married,  June  26,  1918,  Elizabeth  S.  Fitzpatrick,  of  Boston. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Robert  M.  Fallon,  Capt.,  Q.M.C.,  A.E.F. 

(From  a Commendation,  dated  April  24,  1918,  signed 
Franklin  D.  Roosevelt) 

1.  The  Department  is  pleased  to  quote  below  for  your  information  an 
extract  from  the  report  of  J.  C.  Porte,  Wing  Commander,  R.N.,  dated 
March  9,  1918,  which  is  concurred  in  by  Rear  Admiral  G.  C.  Gayley, 
R.N.,  both  officers  attached  to  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Station,  Felixstowe, 
England: 

“I  have  the  honour  to  bring  to  your  notice  the  name  of  Ensign  N.  Fal- 
lon, who  acted  as  second  pilot  in  Seaplane  N 4582  during  the  engage- 
ment of  two  of  our  machines  against  five  enemy  seaplanes,  which  took 
place  on  the  12th  inst.  Ever  since  this  officer  has  been  on  the  Station  he 
has  done  excellent  work  and  always  shown  the  greatest  courage  and  re- 
source. During  the  present  engagement  he  handled  his  machine  gun  with 
great  skill  and  it  was  very  largely  due  to  him  that  our  machines  did  so 
well.” 

And  follows  an  Extract  from  the  report  of  Vice-Admiral  Sims,  trans- 
mitting the  above  to  the  Department : “Ensign  Nugent  Fallon,  U.S.N.R.F., 
has  conducted  himself  in  a manner  which  has  reflected  great  credit  upon 
the  U.S.  Naval  Service,  and  has  proven  himself  to  be  a gallant  officer 
under  fire.” 

2.  The  Department  avails  itself  of  this  opportunity  to  highly  commend 
you  for  the  splendid  work  performed  during  the  engagement  described 
above.  It  is  work  of  this  character  that  will  tend  toward  the  successful 
prosecution  of  the  war,  and  the  Department  cannot  express  itself  too 
warmly  in  terms  of  praise  for  such  exemplary  work.  Cooperation  between 
our  personnel  and  that  of  our  allies  is  very  greatly  to  be  desired,  especially 
during  the  present  urgent  emergency;  and  acts  such  as  you  have  per- 
formed denote  very  clearly  that  such  cooperation  is  very  much  in  evidence. 
It  is  hoped  that  a continuance  of  this  good  and  effective  work  will  be 
maintained. 


[ 334  ] 


SAMUEL  ABBOT  SMITH 


Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F.,  Squadron  Commander  at 
U.S.N.  Air  Station,  Cape  May,  N.J. 

Son  of  George  A.  and  Anna  (Putnam)  Smith;  was  born  at  Arling- 
ton, Mass.,  Dec.  9,  1895.  He  graduated  from  Milton  Academy, 
Milton,  and  entered  Harvard  College  with  the  class  of  1918.  He 
left  college  at  the  end  of  his  junior  year  to  enter  the  U.S.  Service, 
having  never  received  lower  than  honor  grade  during  the  three 
years  of  his  attendance;  was  awarded  Harvard  College  Scholar- 
ship, 1915-16,  and  1918-19,  and  the  John  Harvard  Scholarship, 
1916-17;  he  was  awarded  Detur  in  his  junior  year,  and  elected 
member  of  Phi  Beta  Kappa.  He  played  football,  and  held  Harvard 
championship  in  wrestling  (145  lb.  class),  in  1915. 

On  July  16,  1917,  he  enrolled  in  U.S.N.R.F.  (Aviation)  at  the 
Charlestown  Navy  Yard,  and  attended  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T. 
On  Nov.  24,  he  was  sent  to  the  Naval  Air  Station  at  Hampton 
Roads,  Va.,  and  on  Jan.  10,  1918,  was  transferred  to  the  Naval 
Air  Station,  at  Pensacola,  Fla. 

He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  March  11,  1918,  and  Lieut.  (j.g.), 
to  rank  from  Oct.  1,  1918.  Lieut.  Smith  was  sent  to  the  Coast 
Patrol  Station  at  Cape  May,  in  Aug.,  1918,  where  he  was  Squadron 
Commander  engaged  in  active  service  hunting  submarines.  He 
was  one  of  the  aviators  to  meet  and  welcome  the  fleet  on  its  return 
to  New  York,  Dec.  26,  1918.  On  Dec.  30,  1918,  he  was  ordered  to 
inactive  duty  at  Cape  May,  returning  to  Harvard,  Jan.  2,  1919,  to 
complete  his  college  course.  He  holds  Pilot’s  licenses  for  land  and 
seaplanes  from  the  Aero  Club  of  America;  also  U.S.  Naval  Pilot’s 
license. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Charles  Putnam  Smith,  2d  Lieut.,  U.S.A.,  Infantry. 

Grandfather  in  Service  — 

Charles  Putnam,  Ensign,  U.S.N. , under  Farragut,  in  Civil 
War. 


[ 336  ] 


ERNEST  F.  HENDERSON,  Jr. 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F.,  Squadron  A,  Northern 
Bombing  Group 

Son  of  Ernest  F.  and  Bertha  Henderson;  was  born  at  Chestnut 
Hill,  Mass.,  March  7,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Noble  and 
Greenough  School,  and  at  Harvard  College,  A.B.  1918  (war  de- 
gree). He  rowed  on  the  freshman  inter-dormitory  crew. 

He  enlisted  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  on  April  3,  1917,  as  Radio 
Operator,  U.S.N.R.F.,  and  on  April  28  was  called  to  active  duty; 
after  two  months  he  asked  to  be  transferred  to  the  Aviation  Service. 
He  trained  at  the  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School,  M.I.T.;  at 
Hampton  Roads,  Va.;  and  at  Pensacola,  Fla.  He  sailed  overseas, 
March  29,  1918,  and  was  stationed  for  three  months  at  U.S.N. 
Seaplane  Station,  Moutehic-Lacanau,  Gironde,  France,  when  he 
was  sent  to  Italy  to  fly  Caproni  biplanes  back  to  France.  The  first 
machine  in  which  he  was  sent  out  caught  fire  while  flying  over 
Turin,  Italy,  but  with  the  flames  streaming  about  him  he  suc- 
ceeded in  making  a safe  landing.  The  planes  were  imperfectly  con- 
structed, and  five  of  the  nineteen  aviators  who  attempted  to  fly 
them  to  France  lost  their  lives  on  the  way.  Lieut.  Henderson  finally 
accomplished  his  flight  over  the  Alps  and  reached  Lyons  on 
Sept.  21,  his  time  from  Turin  being  three  hours  and  five  minutes. 
He  was  subsequently  stationed  at  St. -Engle vert,  France,  with  the 
Northern  Bombing  Squadron,  which  was  preparing  to  begin  oper- 
ations when  the  Armistice  was  signed.  Lieut.  Henderson  had  a 
second  narrow  escape  when  his  machine  was  wrecked  on  landing, 
owing  to  defective  gear. 

He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  U.S.N. R.F.,  Feb.  28,  1918;  Lieut, 
(j.g.),  Oct.  1,  1918.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  on  Feb.  9,  1919,  and 
was  placed  on  inactive  duty,  March  15,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

George  B.  Henderson,  1st  Lieut.,  U.S.A.,  A.E.F. 


[ 338  ] 


CHARLES  PRESCOTT  STEWART 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Charles  M.  and  Nettie  (Prescott)  Stewart;  was  born  at 
Worcester,  Mass.,  July  10,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  the  Bancroft 
School,  Worcester;  Worcester  Classical  High  School;  Milton 
Academy,  Milton;  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1917.  At  Milton 
he  was  monitor  and  baseball  manager  in  1913,  playing  second  base 
on  the  team.  At  Harvard  he  was  a member  of  the  Delphic  Club, 
Hasty  Pudding,  D.K.E.,  and  Institute  of  1770;  and  was  on  the 
staff  of  the  Lampoon.  He  trained  with  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.  from 
Feb.  to  May,  1916.  When  war  was  declared  he  left  college,  and  on 
April  30,  1917,  enlisted  in  U.S.N.R.F.,  at  the  Brooklyn,  N.Y., 
Navy  Yard.  From  May  8 to  Oct.  25,  1917,  he  served  as  Quarter- 
master on  board  the  U.S.S.  Tarantula  (S.P.  124),  guarding  the 
entrance  to  New  York  Harbor.  From  Feb.  18  to  May  1,  1918, 
he  studied  at  the  Aviation  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  acting  as 
C.Q.M.  (Aviation).  From  May  4 to  July  14  he  had  elementary 
training  at  U.S.N.A.  Station,  Miami,  Fla.  From  July  17  to 
Sept.  25  he  took  advanced  training  at  Pensacola,  Fla.  He  was  com- 
missioned Ensign,  Sept.  14,  1918,  and  was  ordered  to  England. 
From  Nov.  4 to  Dec.  1,  1918,  he  was  attached  to  the  U.S.N.A. 
Station,  at  Moutchic-Lacanau,  France.  He  returned  to  the  U.S. 
and  received  inactive  duty  orders,  Jan.  13,  1919,  at  Bay  Shore, 
N.Y. 


[ 340  ] 


CARL  ELLIOT  SHUMWAY 


Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F.,  First  Naval  Kite  Balloon 

Unit 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Franklin  P.  Shumway;  was  born  at  Melrose, 
Mass.,  June  30,  1890.  He  graduated  from  the  Melrose  High  School, 
and  from  Dartmouth  College,  class  of  1913.  At  college  he  was 
member  of  the  freshman  track  team  in  1909,  and  of  the  football 
squad  in  1911.  He  was  high-point  winner  at  the  Dartmouth  Winter 
Carnival  in  1913,  and  second  in  one-mile  New  England  swimming 
championship,  1914,  1915,  and  1916. 

On  July  10,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Navy  Aviation  Corps, 
and  trained  at  Akron,  Ohio,  from  Oct.  10  to  Jan.  21,  1918.  He 
completed  training  at  Rockaway  Beach,  N.Y.,  Jan.  30,  and  sailed 
overseas  for  Liverpool,  Feb.  26,  1918.  From  March  9 to  April  6 he 
was  stationed  at  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Queenstown,  Ire., 
when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Royal  Navy  Station  at  Castletown, 
Berehaven,  Ire.,  as  representative  of  U.S.N.A.  forces.  On  April  29, 
1918,  this  station  was  taken  over  by  the  U.S.,  and  Lieut.  Shum- 
way was  appointed  Commanding  Officer.  From  May  18  to  July 
3,  1918,  he  served  as  Executive  Officer,  and  from  then  to  Aug.  21 
as  Commanding  Officer.  The  Castletown  Station  was  the  first  of 
the  five  Irish  stations  under  the  U.S.  to  operate,  as  well  as  the 
first  Kite  Balloon  Station  in  Europe  to  fly  and  operate  patrols. 

On  Aug.  23,  1918,  Lieut.  Shumway  was  transferred  to  the  U.S. 
Naval  Base  at  Plymouth,  Eng.,  where,  until  Nov.  29,  he  was  Com- 
manding Officer  of  the  U.S.  Naval  Kite  Balloon  Detachment,  at- 
tached to  S.S.T.B.D.  Parker,  flying  from  R.A.F.  Balloon  Base 
No.  16. 

He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Jan.  24,  1918;  and 
Lieut,  (j.g.),  May  1, 1918.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  on  Jan.  14, 1919. 


[ 342  ] 


EDWARD  ANDRUS  TERHUNE,  Jr. 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Squadron  B,  Northern 
Bombing  Group 

Son  of  Edward  Andrus  and  Emma  G.  Terhune;  was  born, 
June  3,  1895,  at  Dorchester,  Mass.  He  was  educated  at  the  Dor- 
chester High  School  and  at  Tufts  College,  graduating  in  the  class 
of  1917,  cum  laude  (B.S.  in  Structural  Engineering).  He  played 
quarterback  on  the  1917  football  team,  and  pitched  on  the 
1917  baseball  team. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Feb.  18,  1918,  and  was  trained  at  the 
M.I.T.  Ground  School,  and  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Key  West, 
Fla.,  at  which  latter  place  he  was  Temporary  Instructor.  He 
studied  flying-boats  at  the  U.S.N.A.S.,  Miami,  Fla.;  and  land- 
planes  with  the  U.S.  Marines,  Curtiss  Field,  Miami,  Fla.  He  was 
commissioned  Ensign,  July  10,  1918. 

He  was  sent  overseas,  and  trained  in  bombing  and  gunnery  at 
Moutehic-Lacanau,  France;  he  was  then  attached  to  the  Northern 
Bombing  Group  at  Calais,  France  (Champagne,  Field  B).  Later 
he  was  stationed  with  the  Italians  at  Malpensa,  Italy,  and  re- 
ceived an  Italian  brevet,  on  Caproni  bombing-machines.  He 
returned  to  the  U.S.,  and  was  stationed  at  Chatham,  Mass., 
U.S.N.A.S.  He  was  released  from  active  duty,  March  25,  1919. 

After  leaving  the  Service,  Ensign  Terhune  inaugurated  an  Aerial 
Taxi  and  Transportation  Company  operating  between  Boston  and 
the  North  Shore,  using  machines  of  the  Canadian  training-plane 
type,  with  wireless  telephone  connections. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Howard  Haven  Terhune,  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 


[ 344  ] 


THOMAS  T.  HOOPES 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  the  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Wilford  L.  Hoopes,  of  Newbury,  Mass.; 
was  born  at  Boston,  Mass.,  March  31,  1898.  He  was  educated  at 
the  Choate  School,  Wallingford,  Conn.,  and  at  Harvard  College, 
leaving  at  the  end  of  his  sophomore  year  to  enlist.  He  was  a mem- 
ber of  the  Harvard  Flying  Corps  in  1915-16,  and  flew  at  Wright 
Field,  Mineola,  N.Y.,  in  the  summer  of  1916,  as  a member  of  that 
corps. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  on  April  28,  1917,  having  in  March  en- 
rolled for  the  Mass.  School  for  Naval  Air  Service  at  Squantum, 
Mass.  He  remained  at  Squantum  until  Oct.,  1917,  when  he  was 
ordered  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Hampton  Roads,  Va., 
from  Oct.  17,  1917,  to  Jan.  10,  1918.  He  was  stationed  at  U.S.N. 
Air  Station,  Pensacola,  Fla.,  from  Jan.  10  to  June,  1918,  and  was 
commissioned  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  June  13,  1918. 

Ensign  Hoopes  was  appointed  Radio  Officer  at  U.S.N.  Air  Sta- 
tion, Chatham,  Mass.,  and  has  served  there  from  June  17,  1918, 
to  the  present  time.  At  last  accounts  he  was  still  in  Service. 


[ 346  ] 


RUSSELL  NOYES  HYDE 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  William  Whitcomb  and  Flora  M.  (Valiquet)  Hyde;  was 
born  at  Lynn,  Mass.,  Oct.  15,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Classical  High  School,  Lynn,  and  at  the  Northeastern  College, 
Boston. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.A.S.  at  Boston,  in  April,  1917,  and  re- 
ported July,  1917,  at  the  M.I.T.  for  ground  training,  being  a mem- 
ber of  Flight  A.  He  had  flight  training  at  Pensacola,  Fla.,  from 
Sept.,  1917;  and  was  commissioned  Ensign  in  Dec.,  1917.  He  was 
ordered  overseas  for  active  duty  in  Jan.,  1918,  and  was  in  special 
service  in  England,  Ireland,  Scotland,  and  France,  instructing  and 
testing  at  various  stations,  and  doing  much  patrol  flying  in  search 
of  enemy  submarines  and  aircraft.  In  Oct.,  1918,  he  was  com- 
missioned Lieut,  (j.g.). 

After  the  Armistice,  Lieut.  Hyde  returned  to  the  U.S.  in  Dec., 
1918;  but  remained  in  the  Service,  reporting  at  the  Naval  Air 
Station,  Key  West,  Fla.,  where  he  was  stationed  at  last  accounts. 

B datives  in  Service  — 

Great-great-grandfather : Jedediah  Hyde,  Capt.,  Revolution- 
ary War. 

Great-grandfather:  Russell  Brown  Hyde,  Major,  Mexican 
War. 

Grandfather:  Breed  Noyes  Hyde,  Col.,  Civil  War. 

Grandfather:  Thomas  Valiquet,  Major,  French  Army. 


[ 348  ] 


ELMER  LEIGHTON  MITCHELL 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Sidney  A.  and  Maude  A.  (Canning)  Mitchell;  was  born  at 
Boston,  Mass.,  Nov.  16,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Stone  School, 
Boston,  and  at  Harvard  College.  He  was  coxswain  of  the  Boston 
interscholastic  crew,  1912-14;  a member  of  the  Stone  crew,  1915; 
and  of  the  Harvard  freshman  four-oared  crew,  1916. 

He  enlisted  at  the  Charlestown  Navy  Yard,  as  Machinist’s  Mate, 
2d  class,  and  was  stationed  at  Pensacola,  Fla.,  Sept.  6 to  Nov.  26, 

1917.  He  was  later  transferred  to  Student  Officer,  and  completed 
work  at  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  Feb.  16,  1918. 

He  qualified  as  a Naval  Aviator  in  May,  1918,  and  was  ordered  to 
Pensacola,  Fla.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  June  12, 

1918.  From  May  to  Aug.,  1918,  he  acted  as  Instructor  to  the  6th 
Squadron  at  Pensacola.  On  Aug.  3,  1918,  he  was  made  Division 
Commander,  6th  Squadron,  and  on  Dec.  23,  1918,  he  was  com- 
missioned Lieut,  (j.g.). 

Lieut.  Mitchell,  on  Jan.  28,  1919,  was  made  6th  Squadron  Com- 
mander, and  on  Feb.  20,  Commander  of  the  Navigation  School  at 
Pensacola.  He  was  ordered  to  inactive  duty,  March  12,  1919,  at 
Pensacola,  Fla. 


[ 350  I 


JOHN  MATTHEW  MILLER 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  John  Matthew  Miller  and  Fannie  (Paddock)  Miller,  of 
Wellesley,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Tacoma,  Wash.,  June  3,  1896.  He 
was  educated  at  the  Kent  School,  Kent,  Conn. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  July  23,  1917,  and  was  assigned  to 
the  Naval  Aviation  School,  M.I.T.  He  was  subsequently  trained  at 
the  Naval  Air  Stations  at  Hampton  Roads,  Va.;  Pensacola,  Fla.; 
and  Rockaway  Beach,  N.Y. 

He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  March  16,  1918.  On  the  cessation 
of  hostilities  he  was  ordered  to  inactive  service,  and  on  Dec.  15, 
1918,  was  appointed  to  the  Post-Office  Department,  Aerial  Mail 
Service,  as  manager  of  the  Philadelphia  Field,  and  later  of  the  Mail 
Field,  at  Belmont  Park,  Queens,  N.Y. 

Ensign  Miller  comes  from  a family  notable  for  its  military  record: 
one  ancestor,  Charles  Fanning,  was  at  Valley  Forge;  another,  Na- 
thaniel Fanning,  was  second  in  command  to  John  Paul  Jones,  on 
the  Bonhomme  Richard;  a third,  William  Bradford  Whiting,  was  on 
the  staff  of  Commodore  Perry  in  the  expedition  to  Japan,  1854.  His 
family  records  show  that  thirty-five  members  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary War,  fifteen  in  the  War  of  1812,  thirty-two  in  the  Civil  War, 
and  nine  in  the  Great  War. 


[ 352  ] 


EDWARD  SLOCUM  BREWER 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Joseph  and  Helen  (Slocum)  Brewer;  was  born,  April  10, 
1896,  at  Milton,  Mass.  He  was  captain  of  the  football  team  at  Mil- 
ton  Academy  in  1914,  and  graduated  in  1915,  entering  Harvard 
College  in  the  class  of  1919. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  from  July  5 to 
Aug.  8,  1916.  In  March,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Naval  Reserve  at 
the  Charlestown  Navy  Yard,  and  was  sent  to  Marblehead  with  the 
patrol  fleet.  On  May  3,  1917,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Naval  Avia- 
tion Service,  and  was  trained  at  Pensacola,  Fla.  He  was  commis- 
sioned Ensign  on  Dec.  17,  1917.  On  Dec.  22  he  was  ordered  to 
France,  and  arrived  in  Paris,  Jan.  29,  1918;  on  Feb.  3,  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  London. 

He  was  attached  to  the  R.N.A.S.  from  Feb.  8 to  July  13,  doing 
submarine  patrol  work  at  Westgate,  Portland,  and  Felixstowe.  He 
was  ordered  back  to  Paris  on  July  13,  and  joined  the  U.S.N.A.S.  at 
St. -Trojan.  From  July  28  to  Oct.  25  he  served  as  submarine  patrol 
and  convoy.  From  Oct.  28  to  Dec.  2 he  was  with  the  U.S.N.A.S.  at 
Arcachon,  in  submarine  patrol  and  convoy  work  as  Chief  Pilot.  He 
was  recommended  Lieut,  (j.g.)  in  July,  1918;  Lieut.,  Oct.,  1918.  On 
Dec.  11, 1918,  he  was  commissioned  Lieut.;  sailed  from  Bordeaux  on 
Dec.  24,  1918,  arriving  in  New  York  on  Jan.  3,  1919.  He  was  placed 
on  inactive  duty  at  Bay  Shore,  N.Y. 


[ 354  ] 


ALBION  KEITH  EATON 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F.C.,  Squadrons  1,  3,  15,  16 

Son  of  Albion  Horace  and  Annie  (Whidden)  Eaton;  was  born  at 
Calais,  Me.,  June  14,  1891.  He  was  educated  at  the  Calais  High 
School,  Phillips  Exeter  Academy,  1911,  and  Bowdoin  College,  B.S. 
1915.  At  Exeter,  he  played  on  the  hockey  and  golf  teams;  at  Bow- 
doin, on  the  hockey,  tennis,  and  baseball  teams;  he  was  captain  of 
the  baseball  team,  and  won  the  Maine  intercollegiate  champion- 
ship in  tennis. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  on  July  14,  1917,  and  trained  at  the 
M.I.T.  Ground  School;  and  at  Pensacola,  Fla.,  where  he  acted  as 
Gunnery  Pilot  in  advanced  work.  He  spent  six  months  as  Instruc- 
tor in  Flying,  and  was  Division  Commander  at  Squantum.  He  was 
commissioned  Ensign  on  March  8,  1918.  At  Pensacola  he  was  Divi- 
sion Commander  and  Stunt  Instructor;  and  Squadron  Commander 
of  Squadron  15,  at  San  Diego,  Cal.  He  was  commissioned  Lieut, 
(j.g.),  dating  from  Dec.,  1918,  and  on  April  15,  1919,  was  honorably 
discharged  at  San  Diego,  Cal. 

During  his  Service  Lieut.  Eaton  made  patrol  flights  along  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  coasts,  totalling  400  hours  solo  work. 

Married,  Oct.  3,  1918,  Mary  E.  Campbell. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Carleton  W.  Eaton,  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.C. 

Horace  E.  Eaton,  Lieut.,  U.S.A.,  Field  Artillery;  Judge  Advo- 
cate at  Brest,  France. 


[ 356  ] 


PAUL  FROST  IVES 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Casual  Officer 

Son  of  Archer  Ward  and  Pauline  (Frost)  Ives;  was  born  at  Brook- 
line, Mass.,  Aug.  12,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  the  R.  G.  Shaw 
School,  West  Roxbury  High  School,  and  Berkeley  Preparatory 
School. 

On  May  5,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Dedham,  Mass.,  in  U.S.N.R.F., 
Class  445.  He  attended  Ground  School,  and  Flying  School,  at  Pen- 
sacola, Fla.,  from  July  10  to  Dec.  20,  1917.  He  sailed  overseas  on 
Jan.  13,  1918;  was  detailed  to  R.N.A.  Station,  Calshot,  Eng.,  for 
advanced  patrol  training,  Feb.  7,  1918.  He  was  assigned  to  R.N.A. 
Station,  Portland,  for  patrol  duty,  Feb.  13,  1918;  and  was  trans- 
ferred to  Felixstowe,  May  7,  1918,  for  reconnaissance  work.  On 
July  30,  1918,  he  was  ordered  to  the  U.S.N.A.  Station  at  Killing- 
holme,  Eng.,  where  he  served  as  Pilot  and  Flight  Commander  until 
the  Armistice.  He  sailed  for  America  on  Nov.  24,  1918.  He  was  com- 
missioned Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Dec.  21,  1917;  Lieut,  (j.g.),  April 
24,  1918.  He  was  detached  from  active  duty,  Jan.  17,  1919,  having 
been  previously  commissioned  Lieut. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  a report  issued  by  the  Navy 
Department  at  Washington,  and  signed  by  Franklin  D.  Roosevelt, 
relative  to  the  services  of  Ensign  Ives,  U.S.N.R.F.,  attached  to  the 
Royal  Navy  Air  Station,  Calshot: 

. . . The  Department  quotes  below  for  your  information  the  report  of 
Vice-Admiral  Sims,  relative  to  your  operations  while  on  scout  duty  against 
enemy  submarines,  under  orders  from  the  Commanding  Officer  of  the 
Royal  Navy  Air  Station,  Portland,  England:  “The  attached  correspond- 
ence relative  to  the  performance  of  duty  of  Ensign  Paul  F.  Ives  . . . 
U.S.N.R.F.,  reflects  credit  on  both  these  officers.  It  is  recommended  that 
adequate  recognition  of  their  services  be  granted.”  The  Department  wishes 
to  avail  itself  of  this  opportunity  to  express  to  you  the  very  high  appre- 
ciation felt  upon  receipt  of  reports  similar  to  the  above.  It  is  strong  evi- 
dence of  the  fact  that  earnest  cooperation  exists  between  the  armed  forces 
of  our  Allies  and  the  United  States  Armed  Forces.  It  is  work  of  this  char- 
acter that  will  impress  our  enemies  with  the  realization  that  the  United 
States  is  a power  very  much  to  be  considered.  Accordingly,  you  are  hereby 
highly  commended  for  your  valiant  and  earnest  efforts  on  this  particular 
occasion.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  a continuance  of  such  work  will  be  main- 
tained in  the  future.  . . . 

Married,  Dec.  16,  1918,  Ruth  Merrill. 


[ 358  ] 


HENRY  SWIFT 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Dr.  and  Mrs.  William  N.  Swift;  was  horn  at  New  Bedford, 
Mass.,  in  1893.  He  attended  the  Friends’  Academy,  New  Bedford; 
Milton  Academy;  and  St.  George’s  School,  Newport,  R.I.  He  grad- 
uated from  Harvard  College  in  1915. 

In  April,  1917,  he  volunteered  for  the  Naval  Aviation  Service 
and  was  sent  to  Squantum,  Mass.,  for  training,  then,  in  July,  to 
the  Ground  School  at  Toronto  University,  Toronto,  Can.,  and 
later  to  the  flying  school  at  Camp  Rathbun ; receiving  final  training 
at  Camp  Borden,  Can.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  in  Dec., 
1917,  and  sent  to  Hampton  Roads,  Va.;  from  there  he  wTas  trans- 
ferred to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  in  Jan.,  1918. 

He  was  made  Superintendent  of  Aviation  Mechanics’  Schools, 
and  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.),  U.S.N.R.F.,  Class  5,  in  Aug.,  1918. 
In  April,  1919,  he  was  commissioned  Lieut.,  and  was  at  last  ac- 
counts still  in  the  Service,  and  stationed  at  Great  Lakes,  111.,  where 
he  was  Superintending  Instructor  of  Miscellaneous  Maintenance 
Force  at  the  Navy  Aviation  Mechanics’  School. 

Married,  in  1914,  Josephine  Ranlet,  of  Boston. 


[ 360  ] 


JOSEPH  C.  HALLETT 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Nelson  A.  and  Mary  E.  Hallett,  of  Newtonville,  Mass.;  was 
born  at  Lynn,  Mass.,  Aug.  5,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  the  Newton 
High  School,  the  Stone  School,  and  at  Dartmouth  College,  A.B. 
1917. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  1916,  and  enlisted 
at  Boston,  Mass.,  April  4,  1917.  He  was  first  stationed  at  Common- 
wealth Pier,  Boston,  then  at  Bumkin’s  Island.  He  was  then  trained 
as  a night  bomber  at  the  M.I.T.,  N.A.  School;  and  at  the  Naval 
Air  Station,  Pensacola,  Fla.  He  sailed  overseas,  expecting  to  be 
transferred  to  the  Marine  Aviation  Service,  and  used  for  bombing 
enemy  cities  and  towns,  but  on  account  of  lack  of  planes,  he  was 
sent  to  N.A.S.,  at  Moutchic-Lacanau,  France,  for  further  training 
in  coast  patrol  work.  After  a short  period  of  instruction,  he  was  de- 
tached for  service  at  the  Naval  Station  at  St. -Trojan,  on  an  island 
off  the  French  coast,  where  he  remained  until  the  Armistice.  He  was 
commissioned  Ensign,  on  July  8,  1918.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  and 
was  relieved  from  active  duty  Jan.  2,  1919,  at  New  York. 

Relatives  in  Service  — 

Grandfather:  Nelson  A.  Hallett,  Artificer,  with  the  U.S.  En- 
gineers, Civil  War. 

Uncle:  James  H.  Hallett,  Sergeant,  Heavy  Artillery,  Spanish- 
American  War. 


[ 362  ] 


HOWARD  JOHN  ROWEN 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Edward  George  and  Annie  Matina  (McNeil)  Rowen;  was 
born  at  Jamaica  Plain,  Mass.,  July  22,  1895.  He  attended  the 
public  schools  of  Jamaica  Plain,  and  graduated  from  Boston  Col- 
lege in  1916.  At  college  he  was  for  two  years  captain  of  the  track 
team,  and  one  year  manager  of  the  football  team. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.,  May  5,  1917,  at  the  Boston  Navy 
Yard,  and  trained  at  the  M.I.T.,  from  July  21  to  Sept.  16.  He  was 
then  sent  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  where  he  trained  until  Dec.  21,  1917, 
when  he  was  commissioned  Ensign.  He  sailed  overseas  Jan.  15, 
1918,  and  after  being  stationed  at  London  for  a month,  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Bombing  School  at  Moutchic-Lacanau,  France, 
where  he  remained  until  April  15,  when  he  was  ordered  to  the 
Naval  Air  Station  at  lie  Tudy.  He  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.),; 
and  made  Chief  Pilot  at  this  station  about  May  25,  1918.  He  was 
stationed  there  on  duty  until  the  end  of  the  war. 

On  July  5,  1918,  Lieut.  Rowen  received  a submarine  warning 
from  some  twenty-five  miles  distant,  and  he  and  his  observer,  in 
company  with  another  plane,  at  once  started  out;  finding  traces  of 
the  enemy  they  let  go  their  bombs  and  succeeded  in  destroying  a 
submarine  which  was  known  to  have  been  doing  much  damage  in 
that  vicinity.  The  destruction  of  this  submarine  was  officially 
credited  to  Lieut.  Rowen  and  his  observer,  and  they  also  destroyed 
a number  of  mines  in  that  vicinity.  The  station  at  lie  Tudy  was 
especially  commended  as  a model  for  its  excellent  work  and 
efficiency. 

Lieut.  Rowen  returned  to  the  U.S.,  Dec.  1,  1918,  and  was  as- 
signed to  the  N.A.  Station  at  Key  West,  Fla.,  as  Squadron  Com- 
mander. In  connection  with  recruiting,  he  did  considerable  “ movie” 
work  for  the  Government,  and  before  his  return  from  France  was 
selected  to  be  sent  home  as  Instructor  in  Patrol  Work,  which  plan 
was  given  up  on  account  of  the  Armistice.  He  was  placed  on  in- 
active duty  at  Key  West,  June  20,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Edward  Joseph  Rowen,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Engineer  Officer  at 
Pauillac,  France. 


[ 364  ] 


RICHARD  A.  MARSCHAT 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Albert  and  Karoline  (Vicital)  Marschat,  of  Ashley  Falls, 
Mass.;  was  bom  at  New  York  City,  June  15,  1894.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Morris  High  School,  New  York  City,  at  Mercersburg 
Academy,  and  at  Dartmouth  College.  In  both  preparatory  school 
and  college  he  was  a member  of  the  track  and  cross-country  teams. 

He  enlisted  as  Seaman,  1st  class,  May  18,  1917,  in  the  Naval 
Reserve  Force  at  New  York,  and  was  in  training  at  Pelham  Bay, 
until  Dec.  13,  1917.  He  entered  the  Naval  Aviation  Detachment 
at  M.I.T.,  Feb.  18,  1918,  and  was  transferred  to  Pensacola,  Fla., 
as  Student  Naval  Aviator,  training  from  May  18  to  Aug.  20,  1918. 
He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  Aug.  20,  1918. 

Ensign  Marschat  was  detailed  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Station  at 
Chatham,  Mass.,  Sept.  6,  1918,  for  active  duty  as  Coast  Sub- 
marine Patrol. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Albert  J.  Marschat,  Private,  Signal  Corps,  A.E.F. 

Arthur  G.  Marschat,  Private,  Signal  Corps,  A.E.F. 

Lawrence  Marschat,  Midshipman,  Junior  Naval  Reserve. 


[ 366  ] 


* PHILLIPS  WARD  PAGE 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident , Dec.,  1917 

Son  of  Cyrus  Andrew  and  Anna  M.  (Phillips)  Page;  was  born 
Nov.  28,  1885.  He  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1909.  In 
April,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service,  and  was  stationed  at 
Squantum,  Mass.,  during  the  summer  of  1917.  In  Nov.  he  was  sent 
overseas  to  France.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign  in  1917.  During 
a trial  flight  off  the  English  coast,  he  was  killed  in  an  airplane  acci- 
dent in  Dec.,  1917.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


PHILIP  THAYER  STONEMETZ 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Harry  M.  and  Flora  Cooley  Stonemetz;  was  born  at  Newton, 
Mass.,  April  8,  1899.  He  was  educated  at  the  Newton  High  School, 
and  at  Williams  College,  class  of  1921.  In  the  high  school  he  was  a 
member  of  the  hockey  team.  In  1916  he  attended  the  Officers’  Train- 
ing Camp  at  Plattsburg.  He  enlisted,  May  26,  1918,  and  trained  at 
the  M.I.T.  Naval  Aviation  School  until  Aug.  16,  1918.  He  was  then 
assigned  to  the  Naval  Air  Station,  at  Miami,  Fla.,  where  he  re- 
mained until  Oct.  20,  1918.  He  was  then  transferred  to  the  Air 
Station  at  Pensacola,  Fla.;  there  he  was  commissioned  Ensign, 
Jan.  14,  1919,  and  placed  on  inactive  duty,  Feb.  11,  1919. 


[ 368  ] 


* MICHAEL  JOSEPH  DELEHANTY 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  March  25,  1918 

Born  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Jan.  17,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Eng- 
lish High  School  and  at  Bowdoin  College.  He  entered  the  Naval 
Aviation  Service,  and  attended  the  M.I.T.  Naval  Aviation  Ground 
School.  He  continued  his  training  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  and  at  Pensacola, 
Fla.  On  March  25,  1918,  he  was  killed  in  an  accident  at  Pensacola. 
(Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


JOHN  M.  PETTINGELL 


Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Capt.  John  Mason  and  Caroline  (Fowler)  Pettingell,  of 
Cambridge,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Newburyport,  Mass.,  May  2d,  1890. 
He  graduated  from  the  Newburyport  High  School  in  1908,  and 
from  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology  in  1912.  He  enlisted  at 
Chicago,  111.,  Sept.  27,  1917.  On  Dec.  29,  1917,  he  graduated  from 
Squadron  25,  at  the  School  of  Military  Aeronautics,  Austin,  Tex., 
and  was  assigned  to  the  3d  Cadet  Squadron  at  Ellington  Field, 
Houston,  Tex.  He  was  subsequently  Acrobatic  and  Cadet  Flying 
Instructor  at  Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  April  20,  1918,  and  completed  final  training  at  the 
3d  A.I.C.,  Issoudun,  France,  as  Pursuit  Pilot.  He  returned  to 
the  U.S.,  and  was  honorably  discharged  on  Feb.  24,  1919,  at 
Camp  Dix,  N.J. 

Father  in  Service  — 

John  Mason  Pettingell,  Capt.,  8th  Mass.  Inf.,  Spanish-Amer- 
ican  War. 


[ 370  ] 


HAROLD  COBB  HARRIS 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Samuel  Tibbets  and  Caroline  S.  (Cobb)  Harris,  of  Dedham, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Somerville,  Mass.,  Dec.  16,  1895.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Powder  Point  School  and  at  Dartmouth  College. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  June,  1916.  He 
enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  on  April  3,  1917,  and  was  attached  to  the 
U.S.  Naval  Aeronautical  Detachment,  at  Akron,  Ohio,  from  Oct.  8, 
1917,  to  Jan.  15,  1918.  He  was  trained  at  the  Naval  Air  Station, 
Rockaway,  N.Y.,  from  Jan.  16  to  Jan.  30,  1918.  He  sailed  overseas, 
and  was  attached  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Queenstown,  Ire- 
land, from  March  9 to  March  19,  1918.  He  was  subsequently  sta- 
tioned at  the  R.N.A.S.  School,  Rockampton,  Eng.,  from  March  20 
to  April  20,  1918;  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Wexford,  Ireland, 
April  25  to  July  3, 1918;  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  La  Trinite,  France, 
July  11  to  Aug.  17,  and  Sept.  27  to  Nov.  25,  1918;  U.S.  Naval  Air 
Station,  Brest,  France,  Aug.  18  to  Sept.  26,  1918;  U.S.  Naval  Air 
Station,  Cape  May,  N.J.,  from  Jan.  25,  1919,  to  date.  He  was 
commissioned  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Jan.  24,  1918;  and  Lieut,  (j.g.), 
U.S.N.R.F.,  Oct.  1,  1918.  Lieut.  Harris  was  a member  of  the  first 
class  of  naval  kite  balloon  pilots  to  be  instructed  and  graduated,  as 
a class,  in  this  branch  of  Naval  Aviation.  At  last  accounts  he  had 
qualified  as  a dirigible  pilot  at  Cape  May,  N.J. 


[ 372  ] 


HENRY  COMYN  CLAYTON 


Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Naval  Air  Station,  Chatham,  Mass. 

Northern  Bombing  Group,  Squadron  1 

Son  of  Henry  Helm  and  Fawn  (Corny n)  Clayton;  was  born  at  Mil- 
ton,  Mass.,  April  29,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  the  Canton  High 
School,  and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology,  where  he  took 
a three-year  course  in  electro-chemistry  before  his  entry  into  the 
Naval  Service.  He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  1915 
and  in  1916. 

On  May  10,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Boston,  in  the  U.S.  Naval  Re- 
serve Flying  Corps.  From  July  23  to  Sept.  15,  1917,  he  trained  at 
the  M.I.T.  Ground  School.  From  Sept.  15  to  Jan.  9,  1918,  he  was 
attached  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Hampton  Roads,  Va.,  and 
from  Jan.  11  to  Feb.  24,  to  the  N.A.  Station,  Pensacola,  Fla.  He 
was  commissioned  Ensign,  Feb.  18,  1918.  Receiving  overseas  or- 
ders, he  trained  from  April  3 to  June  10,  at  the  U.S.N.  Air  Station, 
Moutchic-Lacanau,  France.  He  was  then  transferred  to  the  Italian 
Army  School  of  Aviation,  at  Malpensa,  Italy,  where  he  remained 
from  June  19  to  July  22,  1918.  From  the  latter  date  until  Oct.  26,  he 
acted  as  Ferry  Pilot  from  Milan,  a fortnight  of  this  time  being 
spent  at  Gioia  del  Colie,  Italy.  From  Oct.  30, 1918,  to  Jan.  15,  1919, 
he  was  a member  of  the  Northern  Bombing  Group,  Squadron  1. 
Early  in  1919,  Ensign  Clayton  returned  to  America  and  was  sta- 
tioned, from  Feb.  28, 1919,  at  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Chatham, 
Mass. 

Married,  June  23,  1917,  Augusta  Frances  Capen. 


[ 374  ] 


ALDRED  K.  WARREN,  Jr. 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Born  July  2,  1897,  at  Staten  Island,  N.Y.  He  graduated  from  the 
Salem  High  School  in  1916.  He  served  for  five  months  on  the  Mex- 
ican Border,  at  Fort  Bliss,  El  Paso,  Tex.,  with  the  1st  Mass. 
F.A.,  N.G.,  from  June  to  Nov.,  1916.  He  enrolled  in  the  Naval 
Reserve  Flying  Corps,  in  April,  1917;  was  called  to  active  service 
in  July,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School  at 
the  M.I.T.  In  Sept.,  1917,  he  was  sent  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  for  flight 
training,  and  in  Nov.  qualified  as  a Naval  Aviator.  He  was  com- 
missioned Ensign,  in  Nov.,  1917,  and  ordered  to  San  Diego,  Cal., 
as  a Flight  Instructor,  in  Dec.,  1917.  There  he  remained,  fulfilling 
the  duties  of  a Division  Commander  until  ordered  to  Pensacola, 
Fla.,  for  advanced  training  in  Dec.,  1918.  (Portrait  on  opposite 
page.) 


GEORGE  LINWOOD  HALL 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  George  W.  and  Effie  B.  Hall;  was  born  at  Mansfield,  Mass., 
May  2,  1898.  He  was  educated  in  the  Mansfield  public  schools, 
and  at  the  M.I.T.  He  enlisted  at  Boston,  on  Nov.  12,  1917.  He 
trained  successively  at  Princeton  Ground  School,  Dec.  8,  1917,  to 
Feb.  16,  1918;  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  Feb.  21  to  March  12; 
Taliaferro  Field,  Ft.  Worth,  Tex.,  March  13,  to  June  13.  He  was 
commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  June  5,  1918.  He  was  on  duty  at 
Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  June  13  to  July  28;  Armorers’  School, 
Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Fairfield,  O.,  Aug.  1 to  Aug.  28,  1918.  On 
Sept.  15  he  sailed  for  France,  and  was  stationed  from  Oct.  13,  1918, 
to  Jan.  20,  1919,  at  3d  A.I.C.,  Issoudun,  France.  He  completed 
his  training  as  pursuit  pilot  late  in  Nov.,  1918.  He  returned  to  the 
U.S.  on  Feb.  17,  1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged  Feb.  20,  1919, 
at  Garden  City,  N.Y. 


[ 376  ] 


GORDON  C.  PRINCE 

Captain,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Gordon  and  Lillian  (Chickering)  Prince;  was  born  at  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  He  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1910.  Before 
the  declaration  of  war  by  the  U.S.  he  volunteered  for  the  Aviation 
Service,  passed  his  examinations  as  an  aviator,  and  began  training 
at  Newport  News,  Va.  He  attended  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School  and 
sailed  for  Italy  in  Aug.,  1917.  He  continued  his  training  at  Foggia, 
and  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut,  in  Oct.,  1917.  In  the  spring  of 
1918  he  was  sent  to  France,  where  he  was  ill  with  malaria  all 
summer;  upon  recovery,  he  was  made  Instructor  at  Issoudun,  his 
health  not  permitting  him  to  fly  in  high  altitudes.  Lieut.  Prince 
returned  to  the  U.S.  and  was  honorably  discharged  in  March,  1919. 
He  subsequently  received  notice  of  his  promotion  to  Captain. 
(Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


CHESTER  I.  CHASE 

Cadet,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  George  Burton  and  Maud  A.  (Ingalls)  Chase,  of  Melrose, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Malden,  Mass.,  Dec.  10,  1896.  He  was  educated 
in  the  public  schools  of  Melrose,  and  at  the  Mass.  Agricultural 
College.  At  college  he  was  a member  of  the  Cadet  Battalion.  He 
enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Dec.  31,  1917.  From 
May  18,  1918,  to  Aug.  14,  1918,  he  received  ground  school  train- 
ing at  M.I.T.  He  was  then  transferred  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex., 
where  he  remained  from  Aug.  17  to  Sept.  21,  1918.  He  was  subse- 
quently stationed  at  Barron  Field,  Everman,  Tex.,  from  Sept.  21 
to  Nov.  27,  when  he  received  his  honorable  discharge  from  the 
Air  Service. 


[ 378  ] 


LISPENARD  BATHE  PHISTER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Walter  Bell  and  Elizabeth  J.  Phister,  of  Hartford,  Conn.; 
was  born  at  Chicago,  111.,  Sept.  27,  1896.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  Chicago,  at  Williams  College,  and  at  Trinity 
College.  He  enlisted  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  July  26,  1917,  and 
graduated  from  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  Nov.  10,  1917.  On 
Nov.  23,  1917,  he  sailed  overseas,  and  continued  his  training  at 
St.-Maixent,  France,  until  May  15,  1918.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  S.O.R.C.,  May  18,  1918;  placed  on  active  duty  and  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  dating  from  June  13,  1918.  He  re- 
ceived flying  training  at  Voves,  and  at  Avord,  and  served  as  staff- 
pilot  at  Observers’  School  at  Tours,  from  Sept.  24,  1918,  to  Feb.  8, 
1919.  Received  Brevet  d’Aviateur  Militaire,  July  22,  1918,  and 
civilian  brevet  from  the  Aero  Club  of  France.  He  arrived  in  N.Y., 
May  6,  1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged  at  Camp  Dodge,  la., 
May  22,  1919.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


LEO  J.  LEEBURN 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Samuel  A.  and  Catherine  E.  Leeburn;  was  born  at  Paw- 
tucket, R.I.,  Nov.  28,  1890.  He  was  educated  at  the  Pawtucket 
High  School.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  Providence,  R.I., 
Nov.  30,  1917,  and  was  assigned  to  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School, 
where  he  remained  from  Dec.  1 to  Dec.  22,  1917.  He  was  trans- 
ferred to  Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  N.Y.,  where  he  finished  the 
course,  Feb.  9,  1918,  and  was  then  stationed  at  Camp  Dick, 
Dallas,  Tex.,  until  April  11.  He  was  subsequently  ordered  to 
Eberts  Field,  Lonoke,  Ark.,  where  he  trained  from  April  12  to 
July  19,  1918.  On  July  20,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut., 
and  detailed  to  Eberts  Field,  as  Flying  Instructor,  from  July  20, 

1918,  to  Feb.  8,  1919.  He  was  then  assigned  to  Love  Field,  Dallas, 
Tex.,  as  Flying  Instructor,  and  served  from  Feb.  12  to  April  1, 

1919,  when  he  was  honorably  discharged. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

William  J.  Leeburn,  Ambulance  Driver,  42d  Sanitary  Train. 

[ 380  ] 


JAMES  ALLAN  HODDEIl 

Cadet,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Alfred  LeRoy  and  Jessie  D.  Hodder,  of  Framingham,  Mass.; 
was  born  at  Rosemont,  Pa.,  May  29,  1897.  His  childhood  was  spent 
in  Neuchatel,  Switzerland.  He  attended  the  Kent  School  in  Conn., 
graduated  from  Newton  High  School  in  1915,  and  entered  the 
University  of  Neuchatel,  Switzerland,  in  1915.  He  drove  a hospital 
supply  ambulance  at  Paris  in  the  summer  of  1916,  then  returned 
to  the  U.S.  and  entered  Harvard  College,  class  of  1920.  He  left 
Harvard  after  the  declaration  of  war,  enlisting  in  the  U.S.  Ambu- 
lance Service,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Harvard  Unit.  He  reached 
France  in  Dec.,  1917,  and  passed  examination  for  transfer  to  the 
Aviation  Division,  which  Service  he  entered  in  France  on  his 
twenty-first  birthday,  May  29,  1918.  He  trained  in  France  at 
Tours  and  Chateauroux.  (Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


IRAD  EDMUNDS  WILLIS 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Newton  Allen  and  Clara  Isabel  (Edmunds)  Willis;  was  born 
at  Concord,  N.H.,  July  20,  1887.  He  was  educated  at  the  Concord 
High  School,  and  at  Harvard  and  Cornell  Universities. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Jan.  29,  1918, 
and  was  assigned  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  where  he  remained 
from  June  1 to  June  25,  1918.  He  attended  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School  from  June  29  to  Sept.  6,  and  the  Ground  School  at  Cornell 
University  from  Sept.  7 to  Sept.  21,  1918.  He  then  trained  at 
Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  where  he  remained  from  Oct.  4 to  Oct.  16. 
He  was  subsequently  ordered  to  the  Coast  Artillery  School,  Fort 
Monroe,  Virginia,  Oct.  20  to  Dec.  6,  1918,  and  to  the  School  of 
Aerial  Observation,  Post  Field,  Fort  Sill,  Okla.,  Dec.  10,  1918,  to 
Feb.  14,  1919.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Dec.  6,  1918,  and 
applied  for  discharge  at  Post  Field,  Fort  Sill,  Okla.,  Feb.  14,  1919. 


[ 382  1 


GEORGE  H.  MACKAY,  Jr. 

First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F. 

Son  of  George  H.  and  Maria  Mitchell  (Starbuck)  Mackay;  was 
born  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Oct.  13,  1885.  He  attended  the  Noble  and 
Greenough  School,  and  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1908. 
He  served  for  over  nine  years  in  the  National  Guard,  being  with 
the  1st  Corps  of  Cadets;  the  Coast  Artillery  Corps;  and  the  1st 
Squadron  of  Cavalry,  with  which  he  served  as  Sergeant,  on  the 
Mexican  Border. 

On  March  17,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Royal  Flying  Corps,  and 
trained  at  Camp  Borden,  Toronto,  Can.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  July  23,  1917,  and  1st  Lieut.  April  1,  1918.  While  in 
Canada  he  was  badly  injured  in  a “crash.”  He  sailed  overseas  and 
was  stationed  at  Cranwell,  Eng.,  where  he  served  as  a Flying 
Officer.  He  was  discharged,  owing  to  wounds,  Dec.  21,  1918. 
(Portrait  on  opposite  page.) 


MANSON  McKOWN  DILLAWAY 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  George  L.  and  Josephine  Dillaway,  of  Wakefield,  Mass.; 
was  born  at  Bath,  Me.,  Sept.  2,  1894.  He  graduated  from  Tufts 
College,  and  was  studying  at  the  Boston  University  Law  School  at 
the  time  of  his  enlistment.  He  had  previously  served  in  the  6th 
Mass.  Infantry,  N.G.,  from  June,  1916,  to  Nov.  1,  1917.  On  the 
latter  date  he  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service  at  Boston,  and  at- 
tended the  M.I.T.  Ground  School  from  Nov.  3,  1917,  to  Jan.  4, 
1918.  From  Jan.  5 to  Jan.  12,  he  trained  at  the  Cornell  Ground 
School;  then  transferred  to  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La., 
where  he  trained  from  Jan.  19  to  May  30.  There  he  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  May  8,  1918.  In  June  he  was  stationed  at 
Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.;  from  June  17  to  July  17,  at  Fort  Sill, 
Okla.;  from  July  17  to  Nov.  1,  at  Hicks  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.; 
and  later  at  Garden  City,  N.  Y.  Honorably  discharged,  Dec.  11, 1918. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

George  L.  D.  Dillawa3%  6th  Mass.  Inf.,  N.G.,  entered  West 
Point,  U.S.M.A.,  June,  1917. 

[ 384  ] 


CHARLES  R.  MACAULAY 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Born  at  Beverly,  Mass.,  Dee.  16,  1893.  He  graduated  from  the 
Beverly  High  School,  and  from  Pratt  Institute  in  1915.  On  Feb.  11, 
1916,  he  enlisted  at  Olean,  N.Y.,  in  the  Infantry,  N.Y.  National 
Guard.  He  saw  service  at  the  Mexican  Border,  in  1916,  and  was 
promoted  to  Corporal.  Following  the  declaration  of  war,  he  was 
chosen  from  the  National  Guard  to  attend  the  Officers’  Training 
Camp,  where  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  U.S.  Infantry,  in 
Aug.,  1917.  He  was  a member  of  the  “Iron  Battalion”  under  Col. 
Azan  at  Cambridge,  Mass.  He  was  assigned  to  the  312th  Infantry, 
at  CampDix,  where  he  remained  until  Jan.,  1918;  he  then  transferred 
to  Aviation,  and  trained  at  Austin,  Tex.,  from  April  1 to  June,  1918, 
and  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  and  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut., 
A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Nov.  1,  1918.  On  Nov.  28  he  was  sent  to  San  Diego  as 
Instructor  in  Advanced  Flying.  Honorably  discharged,  Jan.  4,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

A.  Vernon  Macaulay,  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 


A.  VERNON  MACAULAY 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Born  at  Beverly,  Mass.,  April  4,  1891.  He  graduated  from  the 
Beverly  High  School,  and  was  engaged  in  business  with  the 
United  Shoe  Machinery  Co.,  when  the  U.S.  entered  the  war.  He 
enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  July  15,  1917,  in  the  Aviation  Section, 
U.S.A.  He  attended  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School  from  Oct.  15  to 
Jan.  1,  1918,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the  School  of  Military 
Aeronautics  at  Princeton,  N.J.  On  Feb.  2,  1918,  he  was  sent  to 
Dallas,  Tex.,  for  some  weeks,  continuing  his  training  at  Chanute 
Field,  Rantoul,  111.,  where  he  qualified  as  a Pursuit  Pilot,  and  was 
commissioned  2d  Lieut,  on  June  8,  1918.  Lieut.  Macaulay  was  sent 
to  Dallas,  Tex.,  where  he  took  a course  in  Aerial  Navigation,  and 
then  to  Dayton,  Ohio.  He  received  overseas  orders,  and  arrived  in 
France,  Oct.  10, 1918.  Had  completed  training  at  time  of  Armistice. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Charles  R.  Macaulay,  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

[ 386  ] 


WILLIAM  PLATT 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  A.  Platt;  was  born  at  New  York  City, 
Feb.  6,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Mark’s  School,  Southboro, 
Mass.,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1919.  At  St.  Mark’s  he  was 
captain  of  the  football  and  hockey  teams.  At  Harvard  he  was  a 
member  of  the  freshman  football  and  hockey  teams. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camps  in  1915  and  1916. 
On  March  16,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.  at  the  Charles- 
town Navy  Yard,  Charlestown,  Mass.  He  was  trained  successively 
at  the  Naval  Air  Stations  at  Hampton  Roads,  Va.,  Pensacola,  Fla., 
Marine  Field,  Miami,  Fla.;  and  was  stationed  at  the  Naval  Air 
Station,  Anacostia,  D.C.,  until  he  sailed  overseas,  on  Aug.  24,  1918. 
In  France  he  was  stationed  at  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Stations  at 
Moutchic-Lacanau,  and  at  Brest.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign, 
March  16,  1918. 


STEPHEN  PAINE 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Squadron  12 

Son  of  William  A.  and  Ruth  (Felton)  Paine;  was  born  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  July  30,  1897.  He  attended  the  Country  Day  School  in 
Newton,  Mass.,  from  1907  to  1916,  and  was  manager  of  the  school 
track  team.  He  entered  Harvard  College  with  the  class  of  1920; 
trained  with  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.,  and  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F. 
at  Boston,  in  April,  1918,  in  his  freshman  year. 

He  began  his  training  at  the  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School, 
M.I.T.,  and  was  later  assigned  to  Key  West,  Fla.,  for  flight  train- 
ing. In  Oct.,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  Ensign  at  Key  West,  Fla., 
and  made  an  Instructor.  His  designation  as  a Naval  Aviator  was 
received  Oct.  28,  1918.  He  remained  at  Key  West  until  returned  to 
inactive  duty  on  Feb.  5,  1919. 


[ 388  ] 


MORRIS  HALL  BAILEY 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F.C. 

Son  of  Albert  E.  and  Marion  Breed  (Hall)  Bailey;  was  born  at 
North  Scituate,  Mass.,  Oct.  25,  1898.  He  attended  the  Newton 
High  School  and  Worcester  Academy,  and  entered  Harvard  Col- 
lege in  1915. 

He  enlisted  in  Naval  Aviation  as  soon  as  that  branch  of  the  Serv- 
ice was  created  in  June,  1917.  He  trained  at  the  Naval  Aviation 
Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  and  later  at  Pensacola,  Fla.  He  was  com- 
missioned Ensign,  in  Feb.,  1918,  and  sailed  for  France,  March  6, 
1918,  finishing  his  training  at  Moutchic-Lacanau,  France.  In  May, 
1918,  he  was  transferred  to  Areachon,  in  the  Gironde,  and  saw  ac- 
tive service  there,  as  well  as  at  lie  Tudy,  Finistere. 

He  returned  to  the  U.S.  on  Dec.  18,  1918,  and  was  placed  on 
active  duty  at  Chatham,  Mass.,  where  he  was  made  Flight  Com- 
mander. He  was  later  stationed  at  the  Naval  Air  Base,  at  Norfolk, 
Va.  He  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.)  in  March,  1919. 

WILLIS  DUER  THOMPSON,  Jr. 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Willis  Duer  and  Abby  E.  (Whiton)  Thompson;  was  born  at 
Concord,  N.H.,  May  26,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  the  Concord 
High  School,  and  at  Dartmouth  College,  class  of  1917.  Previous 
to  enlistment  he  trained  with  the  Dartmouth  College  Regiment,  in 
1917. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  on  May  4,  1917,  and  spent  two 
months  with  the  M.I.T.  Naval  Aviation  Detachment;  then  four 
months  at  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Hampton  Roads,  Va.  Following 
this  he  trained  for  two  months  at  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Pensa- 
cola, Fla.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  March  4,  1918,  ordered 
overseas,  and  stationed  at  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Moutchic- 
Lacanau,  France.  His  permanent  assignment  was  at  the  U.S.  Naval 
Air  Station,  L’Aber  Vrach,  Finistere,  France. 

Released  from  active  service  at  Bay  Shore,  N.Y.,  on  Dec.  20, 1918. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Raymond  M.  Thompson,  Lieut.,  U.S. A.,  2d  Marine  Corps; 
died  of  influenza,  Sept.  13,  1918. 

[ 390  ] 


THEODORE  PHINNEY  GROSVENOR 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  William  and  Rose  D.  (Phinney)  Grosvenor;  was  born  at 
Providence,  R.I.,  Jan.  3,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  St.  George’s 
School,  Newport,  R.I.,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1920. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  1916,  and  the 
Harvard  R.O.T.C.  for  one  year.  He  enlisted  at  Squantum,  Mass., 
and  was  attached  to  the  U.S.N.A.  Station  there  from  May  10  to 
Oct.  15,  1917.  He  trained  at  U.S.N.A.S.,  Hampton  Roads,  Va., 
from  Oct.  15  to  Feb.  5,  1918.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  Jan.  2, 
1918;  attended  Camp  Hicks,  Tex.,  School  of  Aerial  Gunnery, 
R.F.C.,  from  Feb.  5 to  March  1,  1918;  was  attached  to  Head- 
quarters, Washington,  D.C.,  from  March  1 to  March  29,  1918.  He 
sailed  overseas,  March  29,  and  was  stationed  at  U.S.N.A.S.,  Kil- 
lingholme,  Eng.,  till  Dec.  1,  1918.  He  was  commissioned  Lieut, 
(j.g.),  Oct.  1,  1918.  Placed  on  inactive  duty,  Jan.  15,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

William  Grosvenor,  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 


WILLIAM  FORBES  MUDGE 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F.,  Northern  Bombing  Group 

Son  of  Arthur  W.  and  Alice  (Green)  Mudge;  was  born  at  Jamaica 
Plain,  Mass.,  Sept.  1,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  Worcester  Acad- 
emy, Phillips  Andover  Academy,  and  at  Princeton  University. 

He  attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  1916,  and  en- 
listed on  June  4,  1917,  at  New  York  City.  He  trained  with  the 
Royal  Flying  Corps  at  the  School  of  Military  Aeronautics,  To- 
ronto, Can.;  at  Camp  Rathbun;  Deseronto;  and  Camp  Borden; 
from  July  10  to  Nov.  9,  1917,  when  he  was  commissioned  Ensign, 
U.S.N.R.F.  He  was  stationed  successively  at  Bay  Shore,  N.Y., 
and  Pensacola,  Fla.,  until  June  25,  1918.  He  sailed  overseas,  and 
was  attached  to  the  Northern  Bombing  Group,  U.S.N.A.  Force 
from  July  17  to  Nov.  23,  1918.  On  Dec.  3,  1918,  he  was  commis- 
sioned Lieut,  (j.g.).  Placed  on  inactive  duty  Jan.  1,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Arthur  W.  Mudge,  Jr.,  Capt.,  U.S.A.,  22d  Regiment,  Infantry. 

[ 392  ] 


JOSHUA  CRANE,  Jr. 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F.C. 

Son  of  Joshua  and  Ethel  (Hill)  Crane,  of  Westwood,  Mass.;  was 
born  at  Brookline,  Mass.,  Nov.  15,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  Mil- 
ton  Academy  and  at  Harvard  College.  He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass., 
in  May,  1917.  From  May  to  Sept,  he  trained  at  Squantum,  Mass.; 
from  Sept,  to  Dec.,  1917,  at  Norfolk,  Va.  In  Jan.  and  Feb.  he 
was  stationed  at  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  being  commissioned  Ensign, 
U.S.N.R.F.C.,  in  Jan.,  1918. 

Receiving  overseas  orders,  he  sailed  for  England  in  March,  1918, 
and  was  stationed  at  Killingholme  Air  Station,  near  Hull,  Eng., 
until  Dec.  18,  1918.  He  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.),  in  Nov., 
1918.  In  Feb.,  1919,  Lieut.  Crane  was  honorably  discharged. 


LAURENCE  CURTIS 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.C.,  Naval  Air  Station,  Pensacola 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Louis  Curtis;  was  born  at  Boston,  Mass., 
Sept.  3,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  Groton  School,  Groton,  Mass., 
and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1916.  He  won  the  John  Harvard 
Scholarship  at  college;  played  on  the  hockey  and  tennis  teams, 
and  was  substitute  on  the  ’Varsity  football  team. 

He  enlisted  at  Washington,  D.C.,  on  April  26,  1917,  in  the  U.S. 
Naval  Reserve;  and  was  assigned  to  Aviation  duty.  While  flying 
with  an  instructor  at  Newport  News  he  had  a severe  fall,  in  May, 
1917,  and  received  injuries  which  incapacitated  him  from  further 
flying.  On  Nov.  15,  1917,  he  was  commissioned  Ensign,  Aviation 
Ground  Officer,  and  was  attached  to  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Pensa- 
cola. He  was  promoted  to  Lieut,  (j.g.),  March  23,  1918;  and  was 
commissioned  Lieut.  Oct.  1,  1918.  He  was  detached  to  inactive 
duty,  Jan.  27,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Louis  Curtis,  Jr.,  Capt.,  U.S. A.,  F.A.,  77th  Div.,  A.E.F. 


[ 394  ] 


WALTER  HARMON  HELLIER 

Second  Lieutenant,  R.A.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  E.  Hellier;  was  born  at  Boston,  Mass., 
Aug.  5,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Mark’s  School,  Southboro, 
Mass.,  Yale  College,  B.A.  1916,  and  at  the  Harvard  Law  School. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Royal  Air  Force,  at  Toronto,  Can.,  in  Nov., 
1917.  From  Nov.  17  to  Feb.  18,  1918,  he  trained  at  the  School  of 
Military  Aeronautics,  at  Toronto.  He  was  attached  to  the  84th 
Canadian  Training  Squadron  at  Camp  Bembrook,  Tex.,  in  Feb. 
and  March,  1918,  and  was  stationed  at  Armour  Heights,  Can.,  in 
April,  May,  and  June,  1918.  On  July  8,  he  was  commissioned  2d 
Lieut.  R.A.F.,  and  ordered  overseas,  to  No.  6 T.D.S.,  Boscombe 
Down,  Wilts,  Eng.,  where  he  remained  from  Aug.,  1918,  to  Feb., 
1919. 

Lieut.  Hellier  was  demobilized  at  Boscombe  Down,  Eng.,  Feb. 
5,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Edward  Whittier  Hellier,  1st  Lieut.,  R.A.F. 

EDWARD  WHITTIER  HELLIER 

First  Lieutenant,  R.A.F.,  Cranwell  Aerodrome 
Lincolnshire,  England 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  E.  Hellier;  was  born  at  Boston,  Mass., 
Dec.  11,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Mark’s  School,  Southboro, 
the  Florida- Adirondack  School,  and  at  M.I.T. 

He  enlisted  in  Aug.,  1917,  in  the  Royal  Air  Force,  at  Toronto, 
Can.,  and  trained  at  the  School  of  Military  Aeronautics,  Toronto, 
from  Aug.  to  Nov.,  1917.  From  Nov.,  1917,  to  Jan.,  1918,  he  was 
attached  to  the  Northern  Canadian  Training  Squadron.  He  was 
commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  R.F.C.,  in  Jan.,  1918,  and  was  appointed 
Instructor  at  the  Aerial  Fighting  School,  Camp  Hicks,  Tex., 
where  he  remained  until  April,  1918.  He  was  then  commissioned 
1st  Lieut.,  R.A.F.,  in  April,  1918,  and  ordered  overseas  to  the 
Cranwell  Aerodrome,  Lincolnshire,  Eng.,  Aug.,  1918,  where  he 
was  stationed  until  the  end  of  the  war. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Walter  H.  Hellier,  2d  Lieut.,  R.A.F. 

[ 396  ] 


JAMES  ARNOLD  LOWELL 

Cadet,  R.A.F.,  Eighty-Fifth  Canadian  Training  Squadron 

Son  of  James  and  Mary  Wharton  (Churchill)  Lowell,  of  Chestnut 
Hill,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Boston,  Aug.  15,  1899.  He  was  prepared 
for  college  at  the  Country  Day  School  in  Newton,  Mass.,  and  at 
the  Evans  School  in  Mesa,  Arizona.  He  entered  Harvard  College 
in  Sept.,  1917,  only  to  leave  before  the  close  of  his  freshman  year 
to  join  the  Air  Service.  Being  too  young  to  enter  the  U.S.  Service, 
he  enlisted,  on  May  15, 1918,  with  the  Royal  Air  Force,  in  Canada. 
Cadet  Lowell  received  his  training  at  various  Canadian  camps: 
at  the  Recruits’  Depot  in  Toronto;  the  Discipline  Camp  at  Long 
Branch;  the  School  of  Aeronautics  at  Toronto;  the  School  of 
Armament  at  Hamilton;  and  at  the  Flying  Camp  at  Deseronto, 
where  he  was  first  attached  to  a Ground  Instruction  Section,  and 
later  to  the  85th  Canadian  Training  Squadron.  He  received  his 
honorable  discharge  from  the  British  Service  upon  the  cessation 
of  training  for  the  Royal  Air  Force  in  Canada,  Dec.  4,  1918. 


ALBERT  N.  PARKER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Fiftieth  Aero  Squadron 
First  Observation  Group 

Son  of  Eric  W.  and  Lena  N.  (Goldsmith)  Parker,  of  Malden,  Mass.; 
was  born  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  April  8,  1896.  He  was  educated  in 
the  Malden  public  schools  and  at  Huntington  School,  Boston. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  on  Aug.  9,  1917,  at  Cambridge, 
and  was  trained  at  the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.;  Lower  Field,  Fort 
Sill;  and  at  Taliaferro  Field,  in  aerial  gunnery.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut,  at  Lower  Field,  Texas,  on  March  16,  1918.  Lieut.  Parker 
sailed  overseas  on  July  1,  1918,  and  completed  training  at  Issoudun, 
France;  after  which  he  was  attached  to  the  50th  Aero  Squadron, 
1st  Observation  Group,  and  saw  active  service  at  the  front  until 
the  signing  of  the  Armistice.  He  was  cited  in  General  Orders  No.  33: 

Second  Lieutenant  A.  N.  Parker,  Pilot  of  the  50th  Aero  Squadron,  has 
exhibited  commendable  courage  and  ability  in  his  work  over  the  line  dur- 
ing the  St.-Mihiel  and  Argonne-Meuse  offensives. 

By  order  of  Colonel  Milling 


[ 398  ] 


BENJAMIN  M.  GREELY,  Jr. 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Northern  Bombing  Group 

Son  of  Benjamin  M.  and  Helen  P.  Greely;  was  born  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  Jan.  10,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  English  High  School, 
and  at  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology.  In  1916  he  went  on  a 
civilian  naval  cruise.  On  May  23,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Boston,  and 
trained  at  the  M.I.T.  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School  (“Flight  A”). 
From  Sept.  15,  1917,  to  Jan.  10,  1918,  he  was  attached  to  the  U.S. 
Naval  Air  Station,  Hampton  Roads,  Va.;  from  Jan.  10  to  Feb.  26, 
to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  Pensacola,  Fla.  He  was  commis- 
sioned Ensign  on  Feb.  26,  1918.  He  was  ordered  overseas,  and 
from  April  1 to  June  10,  1918,  was  stationed  at  Moutchic-Lacanau, 
France.  Ensign  Greely  was  then  transferred  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air 
Forces  in  Italy,  where  he  served  from  June  10  to  Oct.  25,  1918,  and 
qualified  as  Italian  Military  Aviator  (Breve tto  Superiore),  July  4, 
1918.  From  Oct.  25  until  Nov.  18  he  was  attached  to  the  Northern 
Bombing  Group,  in  France.  After  the  signing  of  the  Armistice  he 
returned  to  America,  and  was  placed  on  inactive  duty  at  Hampton 
Roads,  Va.,  Jan.  17,  1919. 


HENRY  TURNER  STANLEY 

Lieutenant  (j.</.),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Enlisted  in  March,  1917,  and  in  July  he  attended  the  Ground 
School  at  the  M.I.T.  In  Sept,  he  was  sent  to  continue  his  training 
at  the  Flying  School,  Pensacola,  Fla.  He  was  commissioned  En- 
sign, in  Dec.,  1917,  and  sailed  for  England  on  Jan.  13,  1918.  He 
was  assigned  to  the  Royal  Naval  Air  Service  Station  at  Newlyn, 
Cornwall,  Eng.,  remaining  there  for  six  months,  when  he  was 
transferred  to  France,  Aug.,  1918,  and  stationed  at  the  U.S.  Naval 
Air  Station  at  St. -Trojan,  where  he  was  at  the  time  of  the  Armi- 
stice. He  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.),  Oct.  1,  1918. 


[ 400  ] 


GEORGE  KNOWLTON  KEITH 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  L.  Keith,  of  Boston;  was  born  at  Grafton, 
Mass.,  April  29,  1896.  He  attended  St.  George’s  School,  at  Newport, 
R.I.,  and  graduated  from  the  Noble  and  Greenough  School,  Boston, 
in  1917.  In  May,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Naval  Reserve,  and  en- 
tered the  Naval  Aviation  School  at  the  M.I.T.,  in  April,  1918,  grad- 
uating in  June,  1918.  He  was  later  assigned  to  the  Kite  Balloon 
Di  vision,  at  Akron,  Ohio.  In  Oct.,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  En- 
sign at  Rockaway,  N.Y.  He  was  subsequently  stationed  at  Nor- 
folk, Va. 


HOWARD  CROSBY  SARGENT 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Born  at  Malden,  Mass.,  April  11,  1896.  He  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Malden;  and  the  Worcester  Polytechnic,  from  Sept., 
1914,  to  May,  1917.  He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Naval  Aviation  Serv- 
ice, June  28,  1917,  and  attended  the  Naval  Aviation  Ground 
School  at  the  M.I.T.  from  Sept.  4 to  Oct.  27,  1917.  He  trained  at 
Pensacola,  Fla.,  from  Oct.  27,  1917,  to  March  3,  1918,  and  was 
commissioned  Ensign  in  Feb.,  1918.  He  sailed  overseas  for  France, 
March  29,  1918,  and  was  stationed  at  Moutehie-Lacanau,  France, 
where  he  trained  from  April  17  to  July  1,  1918.  He  was  stationed, 
as  pilot,  at  St. -Trojan,  Isle  d’Oleron,  France,  and  engaged  in 
patrol,  convoy,  and  anti-submarine  warfare,  from  July  1 until 
the  end  of  the  war. 


[ 402  ] 


FRANK  HOPEWELL  UNDERHILL 


First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Twenty-Fourth  Aero 
Squadron 

Son  of  William  P.  and  Margaret  (Huber)  Underhill,  of  Newton, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Jersey  City,  N.J.,  Dec.  3,  1895.  He  graduated 
from  the  Newton  High  School  in  1914,  and  attended  Wesleyan 
University  for  three  years,  leaving  to  enter  the  Officers’  Training 
Camp  at  Plattsburg  in  May,  1916.  In  Sept.,  1916,  he  volunteered 
for  the  Aviation  Service,  and  trained  at  Toronto,  Can.,  being  later 
sent  to  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  He  sailed  overseas  in  Dec.,  1917,  and  con- 
tinued his  training  at  Issoudun  and  at  Tours,  France.  He  was  then 
attached  to  the  24th  Aero  Squadron  and  saw  service  with  this 
Squadron  until  after  the  signing  of  the  Armistice,  doing  observation 
and  reconnaissance  work.  Lieut.  Underhill  took  part  in  the  St.- 
Mihiel  and  Argonne  offensives.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  early  in 
Feb.,  1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged  during  the  first  week  in 
March,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Donald  Prince  Underhill,  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

DONALD  PRINCE  UNDERHILL 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  William  P.  and  Margaret  (Huber)  Underhill,  of  Newton, 
Mass.;  was  bom  at  Jersey  City,  N.J.,  March  10,  1897.  He  gradu- 
ated from  the  Newton  High  School,  in  1916,  and  attended  Norwich 
University  for  one  year  before  enlisting  in  the  Aviation  Service.  He 
trained  at  Taliaferro  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  and  at  Lonoke, 
Ark. ; he  continued  his  training  at  Langley  Field,  Old  Point  Comfort, 
Va.,  and  was  then  transferred  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  where  he 
was  at  the  time  of  the  signing  of  the  Armistice.  He  was  honorably 
discharged  in  Jan.,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Frank  Hopewell  Underhill,  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 


[ 404  ] 


EDWIN  BEAUMONT  HUBBARD 


Second  Lieutenant,  R.A.F.,  Twelfth  T.D.S. 

Southwestern  Area 

Son  of  William  B.  and  Carrie  N.  (Haynes)  Hubbard,  of  Roslindale, 
Mass.;  was  born  in  Dedham,  Mass.,  on  Nov.  16,  1896.  He  was 
educated  in  the  Boston  public  schools;  at  the  Mitchell  Military 
School,  Billerica,  Mass.;  the  English  High  School,  Boston;  and  at 
the  Bryant  and  Stratton  Commercial  College.  He  saw  service  at 
the  Mexican  Border  with  Troop  A,  1st  Mass.  Reg.,  F.A.,  N.G. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Royal  Air  Force  (British),  in  New  York  City, 
on  Nov.  2,  1917.  He  was  trained  at  the  University  of  Toronto 
Ground  School,  and  at  various  Canadian  camps:  90  T.D.S.,  Camp 
Rathbun,  Deseronto,  Can.;  48  C.T.S.,  Camp  Leaside,  Toronto, 
Can.;  and  the  School  of  Aerial  Fighting,  Beamsville,  Can.  After  he 
had  qualified  as  a flyer,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  R.A.F.,  on 
Aug.  8,  1918,  and  soon  after  sent  overseas.  Upon  his  arrival  in 
England,  Lieut.  Hubbard  was  taken  seriously  ill  with  influenza 
and  pneumonia.  After  a period  of  convalescence  he  continued  his 
training  at  Netheravon,  Wiltshire.  He  was  discharged  from  the 
British  Air  Service  at  Netheravon,  Eng.,  March  13,  1919. 


APPLETON  KING 

Flight  Cadet,  Class  A,  Eighty-Fourth  Aero  Squadron,  R. A.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Tarrant  Putnam  King;  was  born  at  Milton, 
Mass.,  March  15,  1899.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Mark’s  School, 
Southboro,  Mass.,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1921. 

He  enlisted  on  April  29,  1918,  in  the  Royal  Air  Force,  at  Toronto, 
Can.  At  the  time  of  enlistment  he  was  below  the  U.S.  draft  age, 
and  so  unable  to  enlist  in  the  U.S.A.  He  passed  through  the  Jesse 
Ketchum  School  (the  Recruits  Depot  at  Toronto),  on  May  4,  the 
Camp  of  Discipline  and  Instruction  at  Long  Branch,  Ontario,  on 
June  16.  He  trained  at  the  School  of  Aeronautics,  at  the  University 
of  Toronto  (Aerial  Navigation);  and  at  the  School  of  Armament, 
at  Hamilton,  Ont.;  concluding  his  training  at  the  Flying  Camp  at 
Lake  Mohawk,  Deseronto,  Ont.,  where  he  secured  a pilot’s  certifi- 
cate, and  was  assigned  to  the  84th  Aero  Squadron.  He  was  honor- 
ably discharged  with  the  rank  of  Flying  Cadet,  on  Dec.  19,  1918. 

[ 406  ] 


CHARLES  FRANCIS  NASON 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Frederic  A.  and  Susie  M.  (Tuttle)  Nason;  was  born  at 
Ipswich,  Mass.,  Jan.  7,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Ipswich  High 
School  and  at  the  Boston  University  Law  School. 

He  enlisted  in  the  8th  Mass.  Infantry  Band,  on  May  18,  1917, 
and  was  transferred  to  the  Air  Service,  Feb.  20,  1918.  He  took  his 
ground-school  training  at  Ohio  State  University,  and  work  in 
primary  and  advanced  flying,  at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex. 
Subsequently  he  attended  the  San  Leon  Gunnery  School,  Dickin- 
son, Tex.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Oct.  23,  1918,  and  was 
awaiting  assignment  to  overseas  squadron,  on  Nov.  11,  1918. 

He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Ellington  Field,  Jan.  3,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Myron  F.  Nason,  Musician,  102d  F.A.  Band,  26th  Division. 

THAYER  FRANCIS 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. , Observer 

Son  of  Dr.  George  H.  and  Elaina  (Thayer)  Francis;  was  born  at 
Brookline,  Mass.,  Aug.  10,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  the  Noble  and 
Greenough  School,  Boston,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1915. 

He  served  two  years  in  the  Home  Guard  of  Lowell,  Mass.,  and 
attended  the  Plattsburg  Training  Camp  in  1916  and  1917.  He 
enlisted  at  Plattsburg  on  May  12,  1917;  trained  at  Fort  Sill, 
Okla.,  Aug.  to  Sept.,  1917;  was  stationed  at  Camp  Devens,  Co.  A, 
303d  Infantry,  from  Oct.,  1917,  to  April,  1918;  he  was  Statistical 
Range  Officer  at  Still  River,  Mass.,  from  April  to  July,  1918.  He  went 
overseas  with  the  76th  Division,  but  was  transferred  to  the  Aviation 
Service  in  France  in  Sept.,  1918.  He  trained  at  St.-Maixent,  Camp 
de  Songe,  Bordeaux,  Tours,  and  at  Chatillon-sur-Seine.  He  was 
Student  Aerial  Observer  from  Sept.,  1918,  to  Jan.,  1919;  graduated 
from  2d  Corps  Aeronautical  School,  A.E.F.,  Jan.  25,  1919.  He  was 
commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Aug.  10,  1918;  Military  Observer,  Feb.  1, 
1919.  He  was  assigned  to  the  Army  of  Occupation.  In  April, 
1919,  he  returned  to  the  U.S.,  and  was  honorably  discharged  May 
2,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service : Augustine  S.  Francis,  Ensign,  U.S.  Navy. 

[ 408  ] 


RAY  BAXTER  BROWN 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Richard  Baxter  and  Ruth  Abbie  (Emerson)  Brown;  was 
born  at  Haverhill,  Mass.,  Feb.  25,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Haverhill  High  School;  Phillips  Exeter  Academy;  Brown  Univer- 
sity, 1913-14;  Harvard  College,  1914-17.  He  trained  with  the  Har- 
vard Regiment  in  1916-17,  and  attended  the  First  Officers’  Train- 
ing Camp  at  Plattsburg.  He  enlisted  on  May  8,  1917,  and  entered 
the  Air  Service  in  July,  1917.  From  Oct.  to  Dec.  8,  1917,  he  at- 
tended the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  and  was  then  sent  to  Park 
Field,  Memphis,  Tenn.,  from  Dec.  15,  1917,  to  March  29,  1918. 
He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  March  30,  1918. 

From  April  15  to  May  1,  Lieut.  Brown  was  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas, 
Tex.;  and  on  May  5 was  ordered  to  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex. 
He  attended  the  Aerial  Gunnery  School  at  Taliaferro  Field,  Fort 
Worth,  Tex.,  from  Oct.  11  to  Oct.  26,  1918.  He  received  overseas 
orders  Nov.  11,  1918,  which  were  at  once  recalled.  He  was  hon- 
orably discharged  at  Taliaferro  Field,  Jan.  9,  1919. 

CHARLES  H.  ROHRBACH 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Charles  L.  and  Magdalena  (Schmid)  Rohrbach;  was  born 
at  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  July  15,  1890.  He  attended  the  Bridgeport 
High  School,  and  entered  Yale  College  with  the  class  of  1912.  He 
left  Yale  in  1910.  He  enlisted,  Nov.  17,  1917,  at  Cambridge,  Mass., 
and  was  assigned  to  the  Ground  Schools  at  the  M.I.T.  and  at 
Cornell  University.  He  was  then  ordered  to  Ellington  Field, 
Houston,  Tex.,  where  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  May  9, 
1918.  He  was  subsequently  sent  to  Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss.; 
and  to  Mitchel  Field,  Hempstead,  N.Y.,  where  he  was  attached 
to  the  51st  Pursuit  Squadron,  1st  Prov.  Wing.  Lieut.  Rohrbach 
was  honorably  discharged  at  Hazelhurst  Field,  Mineola,  N.Y., 
Jan.  16,  1919. 

Married,  Aug.  13,  1910,  Nina  Gilbert. 

Grandfather  in  Service  — 

Charles  H.  Rohrbach,  Corp.,  Conn.  Volunteer  Regiment, 
Civil  War. 


[ 410  ] 


PHILIP  BROOKS  CRAIGHEAD 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  and  Susie  (Brooks)  Craighead,  of  Malden,  Mass.;  was 
born,  Jan.  5,  1895.  He  graduated  from  the  M.I.T.,  B.S.  1918. 

In  Dee.,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Air  Service,  but  was  al- 
lowed to  finish  his  course  at  Tech.,  not  being  called  to  the  colors 
until  March  2,  1918.  He  attended  the  Ground  School,  Cornell  Uni- 
versity, graduating  with  honors,  first  in  a class  of  90  men.  On  May  2 
he  was  ordered  to  Hazelhurst  Field,  No.  1,  Mineola,  N.Y.,  where 
he  graduated  as  a Solo  Pursuit  Flyer,  and  on  July  6,  1918,  was  or- 
dered to  Souther  Field,  Americus,  Ga.,  for  acrobatics.  He  made  a 
record  for  the  field  in  consecutive  loops;  also  in  cross-country  flying. 
In  Aug.  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  and  was  also  made  a mem- 
ber of  the  Aero  Club  of  America.  On  Sept.  3 he  was  ordered  to  Wil- 
bur Wright  Field,  Fairfield,  Ohio,  and  on  Oct.  4 to  Payne  Field, 
West  Point,  Miss.,  where  he  received  overseas  orders  on  Nov.  10, 
which  were  cancelled  after  the  Armistice.  He  was  honorably  dis- 
charged on  Dec.  30,  1918.  In  Feb.,  1919,  he  received  a commission 
as  2d  Lieut.,  in  the  Reserves. 


ROLAND  H.  KINDER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  T.  and  Minnie  F.  Kinder;  was  born  at  Marlboro,  N.H., 
Nov.  14,  1893.  He  graduated  from  the  New  Hampshire  State  Col- 
lege, B.S.  1915. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Nov.  12 , 1917,  Aviation  Section, 
Sig.  E.R.C.,  and  trained  at  Princeton,  N.J.,  Dec.  10  to  Feb.  27 , 
1918;  and  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  March  2 to  April  1.  He  had 
primary  flying  at  Chanute  Field,  Rantoul,  111.,  and  was  commis- 
sioned 2d  Lieut.,  R.M.A.,  at  Rantoul  Field,  on  May  30,  1918.  He 
was  stationed  for  one  month  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex. ; then 
ordered  to  Taliaferro  Field,  Hicks,  Tex.,  July  9,  1918,  where  he 
qualified  as  Corps  d’Armee  Gunnery  Pilot.  Lieut.  Kinder  followed 
this  training  with  a Pilot’s  course  at  the  School  of  Aerial  Observers, 
Langley  Field,  Hampton,  Va.,  Aug.  14  to  Sept.  28,  1918,  from 
which  he  was  transferred  to  the  Air  Service  Depot,  Garden  City, 
N.Y.,  and  was  honorably  discharged,  Dec.  11,  1918. 

[ 412  1 


RICHARD  SKINNER  WHITNEY,  Jr. 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Richard  Skinner  and  Mary  (Lewis)  Whitney,  of  Dedham, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Brookline,  Mass.,  July  25,  1898.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Fessenden  School,  West  Newton,  Mass.,  and  at  the 
Noble  and  Greenough  School,  Boston. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Dec.  10,  1917;  attended  first  the  Prince- 
ton Ground  School;  was  then  stationed  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas, 
Tex.;  and  later  at  Rockwell  Field,  San  Diego,  Cal.,  where  he  was 
attached  to  the  204th  Aero  Squadron ; he  continued  his  training  at 
Armorers’  School,  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Fairfield,  Ohio;  and  at 
Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss.,  where  he  acted  as  Instructor;  he 
was  transferred  to  the  Port  of  Embarkation,  Hoboken,  N.J.  He 
was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. , July  27,  1918.  On 
Dec.  4,  1918,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Reserves,  at  Hoboken,  N.J. 

Brother  in  Service : Holyoke  Lewis  Whitney,  2d  Lieut.,  Co.  H, 
109th  Infantry,  28th  Division;  died  in  service,  Nov.  25,  1918. 


CARL  A.  SARGENT 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  George  A.  and  Luella  F.  (Gates)  Sargent;  was  born  at 
Westminster,  Mass.,  July  23,  1896.  He  attended  the  Fitchburg 
High  School,  Fitchburg,  Mass.,  and  entered  the  University  of 
Maine,  class  of  1920. 

In  Sept.,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  entered 
the  Ground  School,  M.I.T.,  Nov.  3,  1917.  He  was  sent  to  Princeton 
University,  Jan.  6,  1918,  and  upon  graduation  was  ordered  to 
Park  Field,  Memphis,  Tenn.  Here  he  passed  R.M.A.  tests  and 
was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  March  20,  1918.  He  trained  at 
Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La.,  from  June  28,  1918,  to  Aug.  10. 
He  was  then  assigned  to  Rockwell  Field,  San  Diego,  Cal.  He  was 
ordered  overseas  on  Nov.  1,  1918,  but  the  order  was  recalled  be- 
cause of  the  Armistice.  He  was  transferred  to  the  Officers’  Reserve 
Corps  at  Hoboken,  N.J.,  Dec.  13,  1918. 

Brother  in  Service:  Chester  E.  Sargent,  1st  Lieut.,  21st  F.A., 
A.E.F. 


[ 414  ] 


HORACE  G.  HAWKS 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Horatio  C.  and  Annie  G.  Hawks;  was  born  at  Newton 
Centre,  Mass.,  July  31,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Newton  High 
School  and  at  Dartmouth  College,  class  of  1919.  He  enlisted  at 
Boston,  April  6,  1917,  in  the  Naval  Reserve,  and  served  in  the 
Navy  from  April  6 to  Sept.  25  s 1917,  when  he  transferred  to  Avi- 
ation. He  attended  the  Ground  School  at  Princeton  University; 
and  was  stationed  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  from  Feb.  14  to 
March  4,  1918.  From  March  5 to  Dec.  28,  1918,  he  was  at  Kelly 
Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  where  he  was  commissioned  as  2d  Lieut., 
May  27,  1918,  and  acted  as  Instructor.  He  was  honorably  dis- 
charged at  Kelly  Field,  on  Dec.  28,  1918,  to  return  to  Dartmouth 
College. 


THOMAS  C.  QUINN 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. , 

Son  of  Joseph  Francis  and  Elizabeth  Ellsworth  (Peart)  Quinn; 
was  born  at  Salem,  Mass.,  March  30,  1889.  He  fitted  for  college 
at  Dummer  Academy,  South  Byfield,  Mass.,  and  graduated  from 
Harvard  College  in  1910. 

He  enlisted  at  Plattsburg,  May  12,  1917,  and  attended  the 
Officers’  Training  Camp  until  he  transferred  to  the  Air  Service, 
S.C.,  Aug.  14,  1917.  He  graduated  from  the  School  of  Military 
Aeronautics,  M.I.T.,  Dec.  15,  1917,  and  trained  at  Ellington  Field, 
Houston,  Tex.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  at  Ellington  Field, 
April  22,  1918,  graduating  from  the  Bombing  Course  on  June  25. 
Subsequently  he  graduated  from  the  Aerial  Gunnery  School,  Talia- 
ferro Field,  Hicks,  Tex.,  Aug.  24,  1918. 

He  sailed  overseas,  arriving  at  Liverpool,  Oct.  17,  1918;  and  at 
Havre,  Oct.  19.  After  five  days  at  St.-Maixent,  he  was  ordered  to 
Clermont-Ferrand,  7th  A.I.C.,  graduating  there  Dec.  6,  1918.  He 
was  then  sent  to  Colombey-les-Belles,  and  assigned  to  the  20th 
Aero  Squadron,  on  Dec.  9.  On  Dec.  24,  1918,  he  was  ordered  to  the 
2d  A.I.C.  at  Tours.  He  returned  to  America  and  was  honorably 
discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  Feb.  11,  1919. 

Married,  Aug.  25,  1917,  Elizabeth  M.  Conway. 

[ 416  ] 


RAYMOND  W.  T.  RICKER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Leslie  W.  and  Wendella  (Tash)  Ricker;  was  born  at  New 
Durham,  N.H.,  Sept.  21,  1895.  He  attended  the  Rochester  High 
School,  Rochester,  N.H.;  the  Farmington  High  School,  Farming- 
ton,  N.H.;  and  graduated  from  the  Worcester  Polytechnic  In- 
stitute in  1916.  At  college  he  made  records  in  the  220-  and  the 
440-yard  dash. 

He  enlisted  at  Essington,  Pa.,  July  19,  1917,  and  sailed  overseas, 
where  he  received  his  entire  training  for  the  Air  Service.  He  at- 
tended flying  schools  at  Foggia,  Italy;  at  Tours,  France;  and  at 
Galluate,  Italy.  Subsequently,  he  was  attached  to  the  U.S.  Air 
Squadron  1111;  and  to  the  Italian  Bombing  Squadron  6,  as  Mil- 
itary Pilot  in  the  Royal  Italian  Air  Service,  flying  a Caproni 
bombing-biplane  of  600  H.P.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut., 
May  18,  1918.  He  was  awarded  the  Italian  War  Service  Ribbon 
by  the  Italian  Director  of  Military  Aeronautics,  Nov.  18,  1918. 
He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  Jan.  6,  1919. 

RALPH  S.  ROWE 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Attached  to  R.A.F. 

Son  of  Jonathan  N.  and  Margary  M.  (Kenty)  Rowe;  was  born  at 
New  Haven,  Conn.,  Sept.  27,  1894.  He  attended  the  public  schools 
in  New  Haven,  and  graduated  from  the  S.S.S.  of  Yale,  with  the 
degree  Ph.B.  in  1914;  he  received  the  degree  of  Met.  E.  from  Yale 
in  1916. 

He  enlisted,  May  1,  1917,  at  New  Haven,  and  was  sent  to  New- 
port News,  Va.,  where  he  remained  until  May  25.  He  was  trained 
at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  Cambridge,  Mass.;  at  Chandler 
Field,  Essington,  Pa.;  at  Selfridge  Field,  Mount  Clemens,  Mich.; 
and  at  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La.  He  was  commissioned 
1st  Lieut.,  March  1,  1918,  and  was  transferred  to  Hicks  Field, 
Fort  Worth,  Tex.;  then  to  Hazelhurst  Field,  Mineola,  N.Y.;  and 
to  Babylon,  N.Y.  He  sailed  overseas  Aug.  17,  1918,  and  continued 
training  in  England.  From  Sept.  20  to  Dec.  20,  1918,  he  was 
assigned  to  the  Pursuit  Group,  C.F.S.,  at  Upavon,  Wiltshire, 
attached  to  the  R.A.F.  He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden 
City,  N.Y. 


[ ] 


RICHARD  H.  GOULD  , 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  A.  and  Frances  T.  (Sabin)  Gould;  was  born  at  Newton 
Upper  Falls,  Mass.,  June  14,  1889.  He  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Newton,  and  graduated  from  the  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology, 
B.S.  1911.  He  won  ’Varsity  letter  in  track  and  hockey,  and  was 
captain  of  the  hockey  team. 

On  Sept.  10,  1917,  he  enlisted,  and  entered  the  Ground  School  at 
Cornell  University,  graduating  with  the  class  of  Dec.  1,  1917. 
From  Dec.  6 to  April  4,  1918,  he  trained  at  Love  Field,  Dallas, 
Tex.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Sig.  R.C.A.S.,  March  24, 
1918,  when  he  was  transferred  to  Camp  Dick  for  one  month,  and 
to  Hoboken  and  Camp  Merritt.  He  was  then  sent  to  Payne  Field, 
West  Point,  Miss.,  where  he  completed  the  course,  Sept.  10,  1918, 
and  sailed  for  France.  He  finished  his  training  at  St.-Maixent 
and  Issoudun,  and  was  assigned  to  A.S.  Casual  Co.  No.  1,  Dec. 
7,  1918,  for  transportation  to  the  U.S.  He  sailed  on  April  18,  for 
New  York,  and  was  honorably  discharged,  April  27,  1919. 

Married  Anna  C.  Spencer. 


ALLAN  NICHOLS  DAVIS 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Arthur  Eugene  and  Alice  L.  (Nichols)  Davis,  of  Brookline, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Worcester,  Mass.,  Nov.  25,  1887.  He  attended 
the  Classical  High  School,  Worcester.  At  the  time  of  enlistment 
he  was  manager  of  the  Worcester  branch  of  the  Packard  Motor 
Car  Company  of  Boston. 

He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Dec.  12,  1917;  reported  at  Ithaca, 
N.Y.,  Feb.  16,  1918,  and  trained  there  at  the  U.S.S.M.A.  until 
April  20,  1918.  On  May  1 he  was  ordered  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas, 
Tex.,  remaining  there  until  May  21.  He  was  sent  to  Dorr  Field, 
Arcadia,  Fla.,  for  primary  flying,  from  May  24  to  Aug.  24;  then 
to  Barron  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  from  Aug.  27  to  Dec.  12,  1918. 
He  passed  all  requirements  for  a commission  on  Nov.  13,  1918, 
and  received  his  commission  as  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  O.R.C.,  Dec.  12, 
1918,  when  he  was  honorably  discharged. 


[ 420  ] 


THOMAS  EMERSON  PROCTOR  RICE 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Charles  G.  and  Anne  (Proctor)  Rice;  was  born  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  Dec.  10,  1894.  He  attended  St.  Paul’s  School,  Concord, 
N.H.  On  Feb.  19,  1917,  he  enlisted,  as  Sergeant,  A.S.,  S.E.R.C., 
and  started  flying  at  Curtiss  Aviation  School,  Newport  News,  Va. 
He  was  injured  in  accident,  April  26,  and  ordered  home  to  recover. 
On  May  28  he  entered  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  and,  July  22, 
continued  his  training  at  Essington,  Pa.,  where,  Sept.  24,  1917,  he 
was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.  He  sailed  overseas,  Oct.  27,  1917,  in 
charge  of  93  cadets,  and  trained  at  Issoudun  from  Nov.  28  to  Jan., 
1918,  when  he  was  made  Instructor  of  Nieuports.  On  April  9 he 
was  transferred  to  Clermont-Ferrand,  where  he  trained  for  two 
months.  From  June  until  the  middle  of  Oct.  he  was  in  active  serv- 
ice at  the  front  engaged  in  night  bombing.  After  leaving  the  front 
he  was  prepared  to  return  to  the  U.S.  as  a night  bombardment 
instructor.  He  reported  to  Washington,  D.C.,  Nov.  20,  1918,  and 
was  honorably  discharged  on  Nov.  30. 

Croix  de  Guerre 

February  11,  1918 

Le  Lieutenant  Bombardier  Rice,  Thomas  E.  P. 

Bombardier  plein  d’allant,  a fait  preuve  dans  l’attaque  de  nuit  des 
arrieres  lignes  ennemies  de  belles  qualites  d’audace  et  de  sang-froid. 

{SignC)  T.  Villome 

WILLIAM  BADGER  LAWRENCE,  Jr. 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Squadron  E (A) 

Son  of  William  Badger  and  Alice  (May)  Lawrence;  was  born  at 
Medford,  Mass.,  Oct.  3,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Medford 
High  School,  the  Volkmann  School,  Phillips  Exeter  Academy, 
and  Harvard  College.  At  the  Volkmann  School  he  was  captain  of 
the  track  team,  and  played  on  the  football  team.  At  Exeter  he  was 
captain  of  the  baseball  team,  and  was  on  the  track  team.  At 
Harvard  he  played  on  the  freshman  football  team.  He  enlisted  at 
Savannah,  Ga.,  on  April  5,  1918,  and  trained  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground 
School;  at  Key  West,  Fla.;  Miami  (patrol);  and  Pensacola,  acting 
as  H 16,  Chief  Instructor.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  R.F.,  on 
Nov.  2,  1918. 


[ 422  ] 


CHAUNCEY  A.  GALLOUPE 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.P. 

Son  of  Francis  Ellis  and  Lilian  Baker  (Clark)  Galloupe;  was  born 
at  Lynn,  Mass.,  Nov.  24,  1891.  He  attended  Worcester  Academy, 
and  Exeter  Academy;  entered  West  Point  with  the  class  of  1916, 
attending  for  two  terms.  He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Naval  Aviation 
Service  at  Squantum,  Mass.,  April  26, 1917.  He  trained  at  Squan- 
tum,  from  May  24  to  the  breaking-up  of  the  camp  there  on  Oct. 
22,  1917.  He  was  then  stationed  at  Hampton  Roads,  Va.,  until 
April  10,  1918,  and  on  Feb.  15,  1918,  was  commissioned  Ensign. 
He  was  assigned  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  from  April  22  to  June  28,  and 
sailed  overseas,  July  30,  1918.  Ensign  Galloupe  was  stationed  at 
Killingholme,  Eng.,  Aug.  15  to  Dec.  11,  on  patrol  duty  over  the 
North  Sea.  He  was  then  ordered  to  the  U.S.,  and  detailed  to 
Chatham,  Mass.,  Jan.  23,  1919.  He  was  placed  on  inactive  duty 
at  Chatham,  Feb.  28,  1919. 

Grandfather  in  Service  — 

Isaac  Francis  Galloupe,  Bvt.  Col.,  Surg.,  Army  Medical  Corps, 
during  Civil  War;  prisoner  of  war  at  Libby  Prison. 

FRANK  WEYMAN  CROCKER 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  George  H.  and  Helen  W.  Crocker;  was  born  at  Fitchburg, 
Mass.,  Oct.  20,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Groton  School,  and 
at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1922.  He  played  for  two  years  on  the 
Groton  football  and  baseball  teams  and  was  captain  of  baseball 
team  in  1918.  He  was  a member  of  the  Harvard  freshman  baseball 
team.  He  enlisted  at  Washington,  D.C.,  June  6,  1918,  in  Naval 
Aviation.  He  was  called  to  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  June  24,  and  on 
Sept.  28  was  ordered  to  the  Flying  School  at  Bay  Shore,  N.Y.  On 
Dec.  2,  1918,  after  completing  the  flying  course,  he  was  commis- 
sioned Ensign,  with  Naval  Aviator’s  Designation,  and  was  ap- 
pointed Instructor  in  heavier-than-air  seaplanes.  On  Dec.  2,  1918, 
he  was  ordered  to  the  Naval  Air  Station,  at  Brunswick,  Ga.  There 
he  received  orders  for  inactive  duty,  Feb.  11,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

George  H.  Crocker,  Jr.,  2d  Lieut.,  U.S.  Marine  A.S. 

[ 424  ] 


JOHN  LEWIS  MURPHY 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.C. 

Son  of  Charles  A.  and  Martha  J.  (Miller)  Murphy;  was  born  at 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Jan.  4,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  John  A. 
Andrew  School  in  South  Boston,  the  Mechanic  Arts  High  School, 
Boston,  and  the  Lowell  Institute.  He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass., 
May  9,  1917,  and  attended  the  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School, 
M.I.T.,  July  23  to  Sept.  17, 1917.  He  was  assigned  to  the  Air  Sta- 
tion, Hampton  Roads,  Va.,  Sept.  19,  1917,  to  Jan.  9,  1918.  He  was 
transferred  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  where  he  remained  from  Jan.  11  to 
March  2,  1918.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  Feb.  25,  1918.  He 
received  overseas  orders,  March  2,  1918,  but  while  home  on  a 
furlough  was  sent  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Hospital,  Chelsea,  Mass., 
March  13,  ill  with  pneumonia.  Upon  his  discharge  from  the  hos- 
pital, July  30,  1918,  his  foreign  orders  were  cancelled,  and  he  was 
sent  to  Pensacola  for  advanced  training.  He  subsequently  became 
Instructor  in  H 16  Boat-Flying  at  Pensacola. 

HERMAN  J.  JESSE 

First  Lieutenant,  Squadron  D,  First  Marine  Aviation 
Force,  Northern  Bombing  Group 

Son  of  August  E.  and  Annie  M.  (Beales)  Jesse;  was  born  at  Rock- 
land, Mass.,  June  27,  1894.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Brockton  and  Weymouth,  and  graduated  from  the  Lowell  Insti- 
tute, M.I.T.,  in  1916. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Marine  Corps  at  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
June  7,1917,  and  was  sent  to  League  Island,  Philadelphia,  for  training, 
June  7 to  Sept.  18,  1917;  then  assigned  to  the  Army  Aviation  Sta- 
tion at  Mineola,  N.Y.,  where  he  remained  until  Jan.  1,  1918.  There 
he  qualified  as  R.M.A.,  and  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  U.S.  Ma- 
rine Flying  Corps,  Dec.  17,  1917.  From  Jan.  1 to  April  1,  1918,  he 
trained  at  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La.,  and  was  appointed 
Instructor  at  the  Marine  Flying  Field,  Miami,  Fla.,  April  1 to 
July,  1918.  He  qualified  as  Naval  Aviator,  April  17,  1918,  and  was 
commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  U.S.  Marine  Flying  Corps,  June  7,  1918. 
He  sailed  for  France  and  was  attached  to  the  Northern  Bombing 
Group.  Placed  on  inactive  duty,  June  3,  1919. 

[ 426  ] 


RICHARD  S.  TOWNSEND 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Naval  Aviation  Corps 

Son  of  Edward  B.  and  Grace  (Appleton)  Townsend;  was  born  at 
Roxbury,  Mass.,  July  27,  1885.  He  was  educated  in  the  Brookline 
public  schools,  and  at  Harvard  College,  A.B.  1907.  He  was  a mem- 
ber of  the  ’Varsity  hockey  team  four  years,  and  captain  in  his 
senior  year.  He  enlisted  at  Washington,  D.C.,  May  9,  1917,  as 
Seaman,  2d  class,  U.S.N.  He  trained  at  the  Naval  Air  Detachment, 
Curtiss  Flying  School,  Newport  News,  Va.,  until  Aug.,  1917;  fin- 
ished training  at  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Hampton  Roads,  Va., 
Oct.  26,  1917,  when  he  was  commissioned  Ensign.  He  was  com- 
missioned Lieut,  (j.g.),  March  21,  1918,  and  served  at  Hampton 
Roads  until  Sept.  15,  1918,  as  Construction  Officer  and  Patrol  Pilot. 
He  was  transferred  to  New  London,  Conn.,  and  detailed  as  Officer 
in  Charge  of  Flying  and  Experimental  Work  in  connection  with 
anti-submarine  devices.  Promoted  to  Lieut.,  Oct.  1,  1918.  On 
Dec.  15  he  received  orders  for  inactive  duty. 

Married,  Sept.  29,  1914,  Edith  Reed. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Wendell  Townsend,  Ground  Naval  Aviation,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Prescott  Townsend,  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

LEWIS  A.  BURLEIGH,  Jr. 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Lewis  A.  and  Caddie  H.  Burleigh;  was  born  at  Augusta,  Me., 
July  20,  1897.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Augusta, 
and  at  Bowdoin  College,  where  he  played  on  his  class  football  team; 
was  member  of  Bowdoin  rifle  and  fencing  teams,  and  Phi  Beta 
Kappa.  On  April  6,  1917,  he  enlisted  at  Bath,  Me.,  as  Radio  Opera- 
tor, U.S.N.R.F.  He  was  sent  to  the  Harvard  Radio  School  in  May, 
1917,  and  served  on  U.S.S.  Alacrity , Malay , and  Machigonne  as 
wireless  operator;  entered  M.I.T.  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School, 
March  25,  1918;  had  preliminary  training  in  flying  at  Bay  Shore, 
N.Y.,  where  he  received  his  “wings.”  He  was  commissioned  Ensign, 
Sept.  21,  1918;  took  advanced  training  at  Pensacola,  Fla;  sailed 
overseas  Oct.  20,  1918;  was  stationed  at  Queenstown,  Ire.;  relieved 
from  active  duty,  Jan.  15,  1919,  at  Bay  Shore,  N.Y. 

[ 428  ] 


ARTHUR  R.  HOLT 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Warren  R.  and  Mary  Elizabeth  (Ratcliffe)  Holt;  was  born 
at  Newton  Centre,  Mass.,  Dee.  20,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Newton  High  School,  and  at  Amherst  College.  He  enlisted  on 
April  3,  1917,  at  Boston,  Mass.,  and  trained  at  Squantum,  Mass., 
and  at  the  M.I.T.  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School.  He  continued 
his  training  at  Akron,  Ohio,  and  at  Hampton  Roads,  Va.  He  was 
then  stationed  at  Akron,  Ohio,  until  the  end  of  the  war,  and  was 
placed  on  inactive  duty  there,  Feb.  12,  1919. 


ADDISON  C.  BURNHAM,  Jr. 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Addison  C.  and  Emily  Hudson  (Bright)  Burnham,  of 
Newton  Centre,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  Oct.  28, 
1896.  He  was  educated  at  the  Newton  High  School;  Phillips  An- 
dover Academy;  and  Harvard  College,  class  of  1919. 

He  trained  with  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.,  and  enlisted  at  the 
Boston  Navy  Yard,  June  27,  1917.  He  attended  the  Naval  Avi- 
ation Ground  School  at  the  M.I.T.  He  was  ordered  overseas  and 
continued  his  training  at  the  Royal  Air  Stations  at  Roehampton, 
Cranwell,  and  at  Polegate,  Eng.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign, 
May  4,  1918,  and  was  ordered  to  France  and  stationed  at  the  U.S. 
Air  Station  at  Paimboeuf.  In  regard  to  this  station  he  wrote: 

This  was  the  foremost  dirigible  station  on  the  French  coast.  It  was 
taken  over  from  the  French,  early  in  1918,  and  its  patrol  area  extended 
from  Brest  to  Rochefort.  It  was  not  until  April,  or  May,  that  it  became 
an  efficient  operating  unit.  Large  incoming  convoys,  both  troop-ships  and 
cargo-ships,  used  Belle  lie,  some  forty  miles  above  our  station,  as  a land- 
fall. They  would  split  there  and  proceed  both  up  and  down  the  coast  to 
Brest,  St.-Nazaire,  and  the  southern  bases.  These  large  convoys,  coming 
once  or  twice  a week,  were  of  course  our  first  task,  and  subject  to  weather 
conditions,  we  met  them  from  ten  to  ninety  miles  out. 

Next  in  importance  were  the  daily  convoys,  eight  to  twenty  or  thirty 
ships,  passing  up  and  down  the  coast. 

Ensign  Burnham  was  released  from  active  service,  Feb.  3,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  : John  B.  Burnham,  Lieut,  (j.g.),  U.S.N. 

[ 430  ] 


GEORGE  F.  BAKER 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Dr.  George  T.  and  Marienne  (Johnson)  Baker,  of  Belmont, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Boston  Jan.  25,  1896.  He  graduated  from  the 
Winchester  High  School  in  1912,  from  Phillips  Andover  Academy 
in  1913,  and  from  Harvard  College,  A.B.  1917.  Prior  to  enlistment 
he  trained  with  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.  On  June  25,  1917,  he  en- 
listed in  the  Naval  Aviation  Service  at  Boston,  and  trained  at  the 
M.I.T.  Ground  School,  and  U.S.N.A.  Station,  Pensacola,  Fla.  On 
Feb.  13,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Naval 
Aviation.  The  following  month  he  sailed  overseas,  and  was  sta- 
tioned at  Moutchic-Lacanau,  Gironde,  France,  where  he  was  In- 
structor in  Bombing.  In  Oct.,  1918,  he  was  transferred  to  the  U.S. 
Naval  Dirigible  Station  at  Guipavas,  Finistere,  France.  After 
the  Armistice  he  returned  to  the  U.S.,  and  was  placed  on  the  in- 
active list  at  New  York  City  Jan.  8,  1919. 


WALDO  HAYWARD  BROWN 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harry  Hosmer  Brown;  was  born  at  Salem, 
Mass.,  June  27,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  Phillips  Andover  Acad- 
emy, class  of  1916,  and  at  the  M.I.T. , class  of  1920.  At  Andover 
he  was  a member  of  the  ’Varsity  track  team.  At  M.I.T.  he  took 
a course  in  Military  Science;  left  to  enter  Service  at  end  of  first 
year.  He  enlisted  in  U.S.N.R.F.C.  at  Washington,  D.C.,  on  Aug. 
29,  1917;  attended  the  Ground  School  at  M.I.T.,  Nov.  12,  1917, 
to  Feb.  2,  1918.  He  was  stationed  at  the  Naval  Air  Station,  Key 
West,  Fla.,  Feb.  7 to  April  2,  1918.  On  March  19  he  was  com- 
missioned Ensign,  and  on  April  9 was  ordered  to  the  Naval  Air 
Station  at  Chatham,  Mass.,  where  he  was  on  patrol  duty  until 
Oct.  20,  acting  as  Navigation  Officer,  and  one  of  the  Flying  Staff. 
From  Oct.  20,  1918,  to  Jan.  6,  1919,  he  was  on  sick-leave,  as  a 
result  of  influenza  and  pneumonia,  contracted  while  flying.  He 
was  relieved  from  all  active  duty  on  Jan.  6,  1919. 

Married,  Jan.  15,  1919,  Frances  Martine  Gray. 


[ 432  ] 


WALLACE  J.  FALVEY 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Timothy  James  and  Mary  Elizabeth  (Cosgrove)  Falvey 
of  Brookline,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Norwich,  Conn.,  on  May  1,  1894. 
He  attended  the  Brookline  High  and  Boston  Latin  Schools;  en- 
tered Harvard  College  with  the  class  of  1918,  completing  his  course 
in  three  and  one  half  years.  Member  of  the  Institute  of  1770, 
the  D.K.E.,  and  the  Delta  Upsilon  fraternities.  He  enlisted  in 
April,  1917,  and  was  enrolled  in  the  Flying  School  at  Squantum, 
Mass.,  where  illness  disqualified  him  from  continuing  the  course. 
Upon  his  recovery  in  July,  1917,  he  applied  for  admission  to  the 
Naval  Reserve  Flying  Corps,  and  after  twice  being  rejected,  re- 
gained normal  physical  condition  and  was  accepted  at  Washing- 
ton, D.C.,  Oct.  28,  1917.  He  was  called  into  Service  in  Feb.,  1918, 
and  was  sent  to  M.I.T.  for  a ten  weeks’  Ground-School  course, 
then  assigned  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  for  flight  training.  There  he 
qualified  as  pilot,  was  commissioned  Ensign  on  Aug.  13,  1918,  and 
made  Instructor.  In  Sept.,  1918,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Experi- 
mental Station  at  Anacostia,  D.C.,  where  he  served  as  Experimental 
Pilot,  and  was  commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.)  on  Jan.  1,  1919.  He  was 
honorably  discharged  at  Anacostia  in  April,  1919. 


ROBERT  J.  MUNKITTRICK 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.  and  was  stationed  at  the  U.S.  Naval 
Aviation  Operations  Base,  at  Norfolk,  Va.  He  was  commissioned 
Ensign  and  was  in  Service  for  eighteen  months.  He  had  to  his 
credit  one  hundred  hours  of  active  service,  air  patrol. 


[ 434  ] 


CLARENDON  WAITE  SMITH 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Arthur  Smith;  was  born  at  Worcester, 
Mass.,  May  16,  1893.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Worcester  and  at  the  University  of  Michigan.  He  enlisted  in  the 
Naval  Aviation  Service  April  10,  1918,  and  attended  the  M.I.T. 
Naval  Aviation  Ground  School;  he  had  preliminary  flying  training 
at  Miami,  Fla.,  and  advanced  flying  at  Pensacola.  On  Nov.  15, 
1918,  he  was  commissioned  Ensign,  and  designated  Naval  Aviator, 
U.S.N.R.F.;  he  was  ordered  to  Miami  as  an  Instructor,  and  at- 
tached to  the  17th  Squadron.  On  Dec.  17,  1918,  he  was  assigned 
to  inactive  duty. 

Married,  April  10,  1917,  Margaret  Deming. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Paul  S.  Smith,  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

George  Arthur  Smith,  Jr.,  Private,  U.S.  Coast  Artillery. 
David  H.  Smith,  Private,  S.A.T.C. 


RALPH  A.  LEHAN 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  D.  F.  Lehan,  of  Taunton,  Mass.;  was  born  in 
1894.  He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.,  June  12,  1917.  On  Dec.  23, 
1917,  he  was  commissioned  Ensign.  He  sailed  overseas,  and  was 
attached  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  at  Wexford,  Ireland. 


[ 436  ] 


ROBERT  WINTHROP  KNOWLES 

Lieutenant,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  Dr.  Henry  M.  and  Helen  L.  (Dykes)  Knowles;  was  born 
at  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  May  22,  1891.  He  was  educated  at  Milton 
Academy,  and  Harvard  College,  class  of  1912.  He  enlisted  in 
N.R.F.C.  at  Washington,  D.C.,  Dec.  19,  1917,  and  was  com- 
missioned Ensign.  He  trained  at  Naval  Air  Station,  Pensacola, 
Fla.,  reporting  there  for  duty  Jan.  5,  1918.  He  was  stationed  suc- 
cessively at  Pensacola;  for  temporary  duty  at  Naval  Air  Station, 
Miami,  and  at  Naval  Air  Station,  Key  West,  Fla.  He  received 
Naval  Aviator’s  designation,  Aug.  7,  1918,  and  was  commissioned 
Lieut,  (j.g.)  Oct.  1,  1918.  On  Oct.  7,  1918,  he  was  detached  from 
Key  West  and  reported  for  duty  at  the  Office  of  Naval  Operations 
(Aviation)  in  Washington,  D.C.,  where  he  remained  until  after 
the  Armistice.  He  was  commissioned  Lieut.,  Jan.  1,  1919,  and 
was  placed  on  inactive  duty  April  1,  1919. 

Married,  Oct.  25,  1913,  Amy  Thorp. 


WILLIAM  GALLUP  LASKEY 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Born  Jan.  2,  1895,  at  Chicago,  111.  He  graduated  from  the  M.I.T. 
as  an  electrical  engineer  in  June,  1917.  He  enlisted,  Dec.  10,  1917, 
in  the  U.S.N.R.F.,  and  was  called  to  Service  on  Jan.  2,  1918.  He 
trained  at  New  London,  Conn.,  and  at  Norfolk,  Va.  On  Aug.  15, 
1918,  he  was  commissioned  Ensign,  and  assigned  to  the  Aviation 
Service  as  Instructor.  He  sailed  from  New  York  on  Sept.  16,  1918, 
and  was  attached  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Stations  at  Killingholme, 
England. 


[ 438  ] 


RALPH  A.  POWERS 

Lieutenant  ( j.g .),  U.S.N.ILF. 

He  was  educated  at  the  Volkmann  School,  and  at  Harvard  College, 
class  of  1914.  He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.,  and  attended  the 
M.I.T.  Naval  Aviation  Ground  School.  He  was  stationed  at  Pen- 
sacola, Fla.,  where  he  was  commissioned. 


HAROLD  SANFORD  DOLE 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Nathan  Haskell  and  Helen  (Bennett)  Dole;  was  born  at 
Jamaica  Plain,  Mass.,  March  30,  1893.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Roxbury  Latin  and  the  Stone  Schools,  and  at  Harvard  College, 
class  of  1917  (one  year).  He  then  took  up  the  study  of  music, 
which  he  relinquished  to  enter  the  Service.  He  trained  with  the 
Harvard  R.O.T.C.  and  graduated  from  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School 
on  Oct.  1,  1917.  He  sailed  overseas  in  Nov.,  1917,  and  after  train- 
ing at  Tours  and  at  Issoudun,  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  May  1, 
1918.  He  had  completed  his  training  and  was  ready  to  go  to  the 
front  when  the  Armistice  was  signed.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  in 
Jan.,  1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged. 

Married,  Oct.,  1917,  Thalia  H.  Smith,  of  New  York. 


[ 440  ] 


WILDER  CRAWFORD  CLARK 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Murdock  Merrill  and  May  (Crawford)  Clark;  was  born  at 
Winchendon,  Mass.,  March  17,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Cambridge  Latin  School,  and  at  Harvard  College.  He  attended 
the  Plattsburg  Camp  in  July  and  Aug.,  1916,  and  trained  with 
the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.,  Feb.  to  Aug.,  1917.  He  enlisted  Oct.  8, 
1917,  and  attended  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School;  Ground  School 
at  Princeton,  N.J.;  School  at  Dallas,  Tex.;  and  received  flying 
training  at  Scott  Field,  Belleville,  111.,  April  to  June,  1918.  On 
July  3,  1918,  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Air  Service  (Aero- 
nautics). From  July  to  Nov.  he  took  the  Gossport  Instructor 
Course,  and  acted  as  Instructor.  He  was  transferred  to  Langley 
Field,  Hampton,  Va.,  on  Nov.  5;  he  completed  his  Army  Corps 
Pilot’s  course  on  Dec.  1,  and  was  honorably  discharged  on  Dec. 
7,  1918,  at  Langley  Field. 


LINCOLN  ALVORD 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Ralph  F.  and  Harriet  Woodbury  (Lincoln)  Alvord;  was 
born  at  Newton,  Mass.,  Jan.  31,  1896.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Newton  High  School,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of  1918.  He 
trained  with  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.  He  enlisted  at  Boston  Nov.  3, 

1917,  in  U.S.  Army  Aviation,  and  trained  from  Nov.  3 to  Jan.  12, 

1918,  at  M.I.T.  Ground  School.  From  Jan.  12  to  April  8,  1918,  he 
was  at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.  He  was  commissioned  2d 
Lieut.  April  8,  1918,  and  was  stationed  from  April  8 to  May  13, 
at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.;  May  13  to  Sept.  29,  1918,  at  Ellington 
Field,  Houston,  Tex.;  and  Sept.  29,  1918,  to  Jan.  7,  1919,  at  Talia- 
ferro Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.  He  graduated  as  a bombing-pilot. 
He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Taliaferro  Field,  Tex.,  on  Jan.  7, 

1919, 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Clark  Alvord,  Section  604,  U.S.  Army  Ambulance  Service, 
A.E.F. 


[ 442  ] 


THOMAS  CARSON  CURTIS 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Harley  B.  and  Susan  D.  (Carson)  Curtis;  was  born  at  New- 
tonville,  Mass.,  May  6,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  St.  George’s 
School,  Newport,  R.I.  He  enlisted  Dec.  1,  1917,  at  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  and  began  training  at  once  at  M.I.T.,  finishing  Dec.  21. 
From  Jan.  5 to  Feb.  9,  1918,  he  trained  at  U.S.A. S.M.A.,  Ithaca, 
N.Y.,  and  from  Feb.  28  to  April  12,  at  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex. 
From  April  13  to  July  27,  Flying  Cadet  at  Eberts  Field,  Lonoke, 
Ark.  He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  R.M.A.,  A.S.A.,  July  27, 
1918.  He  was  Flying  Instructor  at  Eberts  Field,  July  27  to  Dec. 
24,  1918.  Honorably  discharged  at  Eberts  Field,  Dec.  24,  1918. 
Dec.  6,  1918,  Lieut.  Curtis  was  put  in  charge  of  a flight  of  three 
ships,  proceeding  from  Eberts  Field,  Lonoke,  Ark.,  to  Scott  Field, 
Belleville,  111.;  returning  Dec.  21.  The  object  of  the  flight  was  to 
further  public  interest  in  flying  and  to  look  over  the  country  as  a 
possible  air  route  between  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  and  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


WILLIAM  J.  FITZ  GERALD 

Second  Lieutenant.  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Michael  J.  and  Annie  M.  (O’Neil)  Fitz  Gerald;  was  born 
at  Boston,  Mass.,  Oct.  28,  1894.  He  was  educated  at  the  High 
School  of  Commerce,  at  Chauncy  Hall  School,  Boston;  and  at 
the  M.I.T.  He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  in  Boston,  Dec.  1,  1917, 
and  was  assigned  to  Cornell,  for  ground-school  training.  He  was 
transferred  to  Dallas,  Tex.,  and  from  there  to  Taylor  Field,  Mont- 
gomery, Ala.,  for  flying  instruction.  He  was  subsequently  ordered 
to  Dayton,  O.,  for  a course  in  Aerial  Gunnery,  at  the  completion 
of  which  he  was  assigned  to  Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss.  He 
was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  Sept.  12,  1918.  On  Jan.  7, 
1919,  he  was  honorably  discharged  at  Payne  Field,  Miss.,  to  re- 
sume his  studies. 


[ 444  ] 


CHARLES  F.  WEEDEN,  Jr. 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Charles  F.  and  Mary  Emma  (Bassett)  Weeden,  of  Newton 
Centre,  Mass.;  was  horn  at  Colchester,  Conn.,  April  23,  1894.  He 
was  educated  at  Dorchester  High  School,  and  Amherst  College, 
A.B.  1916.  He  enlisted  in  U.S.  Afrny,  May  15,  1917,  at  Plattsburg, 
N.Y.,  where  he  trained  for  Artillery  Service.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut,  in  Nov.,  1917.  He  was  transferred  to  Camp  Dix,  N.J.;  and 
later  to  Princeton  Ground  School  for  Aviation  work.  In  May,  1918, 
he  won  his  “wings”  at  Mineola,  N.Y.  While  at  Mineola  he  made 
a flight  to  Camp  Devens,  225  miles,  in  two  hours  and  ten  minutes. 
Later,  he  was  stationed  with  the  280th  Aero  Squadron  at  Brindley 
Field,  Cornmack,  N.Y.,  under  overseas  orders  which  were  recalled 
when  the  Armistice  was  signed.  He  was  honorably  discharged  on 
Jan.  9,  1919.  Lieut.  Weeden  was  chosen  as  one  of  the  assistants 
on  the  Near  East  Relief  Commission,  and  sailed  from  New  York 
on  Jan.  25,  1919,  for  Constantinople. 

Grandfather  in  Service:  Chauncy  J.  Bassett,  Col.,  U.S.A. , Civil 
War,  1861-65.  Killed  in  action  leading  colored  troops. 

JOHN  A.  LANGLEY 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  William  and  Annie  Josephine  (Dow)  Langley;  was 
born  at  Melrose,  Mass.,  June  25,  1896.  He  graduated  from  the 
Melrose  High  School.  After  a year’s  work  at  the  Junior  Military 
Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  N.Y.,  he  joined  the  1st  Prov.  Offi- 
cers’ Training  Regiment  at  Plattsburg.  He  enlisted  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  April,  1917;  was  ordered  to  Plattsburg  in  May,  and  later 
transferred  to  the  Ground  School  at  M.I.T.,  graduating  Dec.  3, 
1917;  he  was  sent  to  the  Primary  Flying  School  at  Waco,  Tex., 
where  he  completed  the  course  qualifying  him  for  pursuit  work, 
and  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  March  9,  1918.  He  was  assigned 
to  the  Pursuit  School,  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La.,  and  on 
completing  the  course  was  made  Flying  Instructor.  He  was  trans- 
ferred to  Carlstrom  Field,  Fla.,  as  Stage  Commander  and  In- 
structor. Later  was  Instructor  at  Dorr  Field,  Arcadia,  Fla.,  and 
was  engaged  in  making  special  cross-country  flights. 

[ 446  ] 


CHARLES  CLARK  MARSHALL 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  Knox  and  Sabina  (Adamson)  Marshall;  was  born  at 
Brookline,  Mass.,  Jan.  21,  1889.  He  attended  the  University  Pre- 
paratory School,  Ithaca,  N.Y.,  and  graduated  from  Cornell  in  1911. 
Prior  to  the  declaration  of  war,  he  served  for  five  months  in  1916 
as  a first-class  private  in  Battery  A,  1st  Mass.  Reg’t  F.A.,  N.G., 
and  went  to  the  Mexican  Border.  He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass., 
Nov.  1,  1917,  in  the  Aviation  Section,  Signal  Enlisted  Reserve 
Corps.  He  attended  the  Army  School  of  Military  Aeronautics  at 
Princeton,  Dec.  8,  1917,  to  Feb.  16,  1918.  March  13,  1918,  he  was 
assigned  to  Taliaferro  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  for  a course  in 
primary  flying,  from  which  he  graduated  May  8,  1918,  qualified 
to  act  as  a gunnery  pilot.  He  was  classified  Pursuit  Pilot  and  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  R.M.A.,  May  23,  1918.  He  was  ordered  to 
Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La.,  for  an  Advanced  Pursuit 
course,  July  20,  1918,  and  transferred  to  Rockwell  Field,  San 
Diego,  Cal.,  for  an  Aerial  Gunnery  course  which  he  completed 
Sept.  18,  1918.  Lieut.  Marshall  was  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  await- 
ing assignment  overseas  when  the  Armistice  was  signed.  He  was 
honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  Dec.  9,  1918. 


THEODORE  EDWARD  BAKER 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Irving  H.  and  Jennie  M.  (Cleveland)  Baker;  was  born  at 
Somerville,  Mass.,  Nov.  11,  1895.  He  was  educated  at  the  Somer- 
ville High  School,  and  at  Tufts  College.  He  enlisted  at  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  Nov.  11,  1917,  and  trained  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School; 
Cornell;  and  at  the  Flying  School  at  Ellington  Field,  Tex.,  where 
he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Sig.  R.C.A.S.,  May  3,  1918.  He 
was  Flying  Instructor  in  Accuracy  for  six  months;  Assistant  O.I.C., 
Accuracy  Instructor  in  Formation;  O.I.C.  Formation,  for  three 
months;  Assistant  O.I.C.,  Primary  Training,  at  Ellington  Field, 
Tex.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.,  S.O.R.C.,  March  1, 
1919.  He  was  honorably  discharged  at  Ellington  Field,  Tex.,  Jan. 
9,  1919. 


[ 448  ] 


ALDEN  S.  FOSS 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Squadron  356 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Granville  E.  Foss;  was  born  at  Boston,  May 
21,  1896.  Educated  at  the  Noble  and  Greenough  School,  and  at 
Harvard  College,  graduating  in  1917.  He  attended  the  Plattsburg 
Training  Camp  in  July,  1916,  and  the  Harvard  R.O.T.C.  1916-17. 
In  the  spring  of  1917  he  enlisted  with  the  American  Ambulance 
Field  Service  for  six  months.  He  sailed  for  France  May  19,  1917, 
and  during  his  stay  served  as  a camion  driver  in  the  French  Army. 
Returning  to  the  U.S.,  he  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  in  Boston, 
Dec.  14,  1917.  After  a ground  course  at  Cornell,  he  was  ordered  to 
Mineola,  N.Y.,  where  he  passed  the  R.M.A.  tests,  and  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.  July  18,  1918.  He  was  attached  to  the  1st 
Provisional  Wing,  Hazelhurst  Plateau,  July  18  to  Aug.  12,  1918. 
He  was  assigned  to  Camp  Dick,  Tex.,  for  a short  time,  then  trans- 
ferred to  the  Bombing  School  at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex., 
for  advanced  training,  Sept.  4 to  Nov.  11,  1918.  He  was  honorably 
discharged  at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  Jan.  6,  1919. 


JOHN  STETSON  ALLARD,  Jr. 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  John  Stetson  and  Alice  (Buckner)  Allard;  was  born  at 
Boston,  Mass.,  Jan.  16,  1897.  He  attended  the  Medford  High 
School,  where  he  played  left  tackle  on  the  football  team.  He  en- 
listed at  Boston  in  Nov.,  1917,  for  the  U.S.  Air  Service,  and 
trained  at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  and  at  Princeton.  He  was 
stationed  at  Dallas,  Tex.,  and  at  Houston,  Tex.,  where  he  was 
commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  June,  1918.  He  was  transferred  to  Lake 
Charles,  La.,  and  later  was  made  Instructor  in  Flying  and  Aerial 
Gunnery  at  Rockwell  Field,  San  Diego,  Cal.  He  was  honorably 
discharged  at  San  Diego,  Cal.,  in  Jan.,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Norman  B.  Allard,  U.S.  Marine  Corps. 


[ 450  ] 


CHARLES  BURTON  AMES 

Second  Lieutenant,  U.S.  Marine  Flying  Corps 

Son  of  Charles  Henry  and  Henrietta  Burton  (Hunt)  Ames;  born 
at  Newtonville,  Mass.,  Sept.  11,  1892.  He  attended  the  Fessenden 
School,  Thacher,  Cal.,  and  the  Newton  High  School;  he  grad- 
uated from  Amherst  College,  A.B.  1916.  Member  of  swimming  and 
track  teams;  captain  track  team.  He  trained  at  Plattsburg  in  1915, 
and  served  from  Sept.  2,  1916,  to  April,  1917,  with  the  American 
Ambulance  Field  Service,  Section  8,  France;  Lorraine,  Somme, 
Argonne,  and  Verdun  sectors.  Returning  to  the  U.S.  he  enlisted 
April  6,  1917,  as  Quartermaster,  1st  class,  in  Naval  Reserve  Flying 
Corps.  Trained  at  Pensacola,  Fla.,  June  to  Dec.,  1917.  Commis- 
sioned Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F.,  Dec.  7,  1917;  stationed  at  San  Diego, 
Cal.,  as  Instructor  in  Flying,  and  Ground  School  Division  Com- 
mander, Jan.  to  Aug.,  1918.  Stationed  at  Naval  Aviation  Head- 
quarters, Washington,  D.C.,  Aug.  to  Oct.,  1918.  Commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  U.S.M.C.R.,  Nov.  1,  1918;  transferred  to  Marine  Corps, 
R.F.C.,  and  sent  to  Marine  Flying  Field,  Miami.  He  was  Officer 
in  Charge  of  Discharges,  Flying  Instructor,  and  Tester  at  Miami. 
Returned  to  inactive  duty  on  request,  at  Miami,  Fla.,  April  1,  1919. 

LAWRENCE  COFFIN  AMES 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Charles  Henry  and  Henrietta  Burton  Hunt  Ames;  born 
at  West  Newton,  Mass.,  Feb.  9,  1897.  He  attended  the  New- 
ton High  School,  and  Berkshire  School,  Sheffield,  Mass.;  en- 
tered Amherst  College,  class  of  1919.  From  June  to  Oct.,  1917,  he 
served  in  France  with  the  American  Ambulance  Field  Service; 
Oct.,  1917,  to  April,  1918,  he  served  with  the  Red  Cross,  operating 
just  behind  the  lines  in  the  Somme  district.  On  April  29,  1918,  he 
enlisted  at  Tours,  France,  in  the  Aviation  Service.  Trained  in  the 
16th  Foreign  Detachment  at  St.-Maixent;  breveted  on  Farman 
machine,  at  Voves,  July  24,  1918.  Continued  training  at  Avord, 
France,  and  at  the  American  School  at  Issoudun,  on  Nieuport 
machine,  Sept.,  1918.  Commissioned  2d  Lieut.  Aug.  30,  1918. 
Stationed  at  3d  A.I.C.  until  the  signing  of  the  Armistice.  Honor- 
ably discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  Feb.  15,  1919. 

[ 452  ] 


CHANDLER  BREWER  GARDINER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  George  C.  and  Mabel  (Brewer)  Gardiner;  was  born  at 
Melrose,  Mass.,  Feb.  22,  1894.  He  graduated  from  the  Everett 
High  School,  receiving  the  Harvard  Club  Scholarship,  and  grad- 
uated from  Harvard  College  in  1916.  During  his  high  school  and 
part  of  his  college  course  he  played  football;  he  was  a charter 
member  of  the  1st  Harvard  Regiment.  He  was  accepted  by  the 
American  Aviation  Service  in  Aug.,  1917 ; taken  by  Draft  to  Camp 
Devens,  in  Oct.,  1917.  On  Jan.  5,  1918,  was  transferred  to  Prince- 
ton, N.J.,  for  training  in  Aviation;  was  later  assigned  to  Dallas, 
Tex.,  Wichita  Falls,  Tex.,  and  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton,  O. 
He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  July  9,  1918,  and  sailed  overseas, 
Oct.  16,  1918.  He  received  further  training  as  pilot  in  scout  and 
pursuit  work  with  French  machines  at  the  3d  A.I.C.,  Issoudun, 
France. 


CHARLES  MORRIS  GARDINER 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.S. 

Son  of  George  C.  and  Mabel  (Brewer)  Gardiner;  was  born 
at  Everett,  Mass.,  Sept.  16,  1897.  He  graduated  from  the  public 
schools  of  Everett,  and  was  awarded  a scholarship  for  Am- 
herst College;  entered  Amherst  with  the  class  of  1919.  He  left 
college  in  his  sophomore  year,  and  enlisted  in  the  U.S.  Naval 
Aviation  Service  in  March,  1917,  at  Everett,  Mass.  He  was  as- 
signed to  Marblehead,  and  to  Bumkin  Island,  Boston  Harbor, 
for  training.  In  Aug.,  1917,  he  was  made  Quartermaster  on  U.S.S. 
Whitecap.  He  was  transferred  to  M.I.T.,  Cambridge,  for  aviation 
training  in  Jan.,  1918,  and  was  sent  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  on  March 
30,  1918.  Subsequently  he  was  ordered  to  the  Naval  Air  Station, 
Coco  Solo,  Canal  Zone,  Panama,  where  he  served  as  Flight  Officer. 
He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  N.A.S.,  June  17,  1918. 


[ 454  ] 


RIDGLEY  GARRETSON  SHEPHERD 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Joseph  H.  and  Fanny  G.  (Van  Reypen)  Shepherd,  of  Hollis- 
ton,  Mass.;  was  born  at  Jersey  City,  N.J.,  Aug.  22,  1893.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Ashland  High  School,  the  Franklin  Union,  and  at 
the  M.I.T.  He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Dec.  14,  1917,  and  trained 
at  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  and  at  Cornell  University,  where  he 
graduated  March  9,  1918.  He  trained  for  eight  weeks  at  Camp 
Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  and  was  then  sent  to  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio, 
Tex.,  where  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Aug.  28,  1918.  On 
Sept.  10  he  was  transferred  to  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton,  Ohio, 
and  on  Oct.  22,  to  Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss.  On  Nov.  10, 
1918,  he  was  ordered  to  Carlstrom  Field,  Arcadia,  Fla.,  where  he 
was  honorably  discharged  on  Jan.  6,  1919. 

Married,  Oct.  15,  1918,  Muriel  V.  Scott. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Joseph  V.  R.  Shepherd,  2d  Lieut.,  101st  Engineers,  26th  Di- 
vision, A.E.F. 


RALPH  E.  FORSYTH 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Born  at  Newton,  Mass.,  Nov.  5,  1894.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  Newton,  and  at  the  M.I.T.  (one  year).  He  en- 
listed in  the  Aviation  Service,  and  on  Feb.  2,  1918,  went  to  Cornell 
University,  where  he  passed  his  examinations  as  Military  Aviator. 
He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  at  Eberts  Field,  Ark.,  and  from 
there  was  transferred  to  Wilbur  Wright  Field,  Dayton,  Ohio, 
where  he  completed  a course  in  gunnery.  He  was  then  sent  to  an 
advanced  flying  school  at  Carlstrom  Field,  Arcadia,  Fla. 


[ 456  ] 


HORACE  SCHERMERHORN 

Lieutenant  (j.g.),  U.S.N.R.F.,  Northern  Bombing  Group 

NA  208 

Son  of  Edgar  O.  and  Laura  M.  Schermerhorn,  of  Newton,  Mass.; 
was  born  at  Jersey  City,  N.J.,  Dec.  29,  1894.  He  was  educated  in 
the  Newton  public  schools,  and  graduated  from  the  Newton  High 
School.  He  enlisted  at  the  Charlestown  Navy  Yard,  on  April  23, 
1917,  and  was  sent  to  Squantum,  Mass.,  for  preliminary  training. 
Later  he  was  transferred  to  Hampton  Roads,  Va.  He  then  proceeded 
overseas,  and  attended  the  French  schools  at  Moutchic-Lacanau, 
Gironde,  and  Clermont-Ferrand.  He  was  later  stationed  at  Dun- 
kirk, France.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  Dec.  26,  1917,  and 
Lieut,  (j.g.),  Oct  1,  1918.  He  was  placed  on  inactive  duty  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  Feb.  12,  1919. 


CHARLES  WHITE  GREENOUGH 

Lieutenant  (j.g.),  U.S.N.R.F. 

Son  of  James  M.  and  Katharine  (Noble)  Greenough;  was  born  at 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  Nov.  19,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Noble 
and  Greenough  School,  Boston,  and  at  Harvard  College,  class  of 
1919. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.  on  May  21,  1917,  at  the  Boston 
Navy  Yard.  He  was  trained  at  U.S.N.A.  Station,  Pensacola,  Fla., 
where  he  was  sent  in  June,  1917.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign, 
Dec.  21,  1917.  With  six  others  he  was  loaned  to  England  and  did 
patrol  duty  in  various  stations  on  the  English  coast.  He  sailed 
overseas  in  Jan.,  1918,  and  was  attached  to  the  Royal  Naval  Air 
Service  Seaplane  Stations  at  Dover,  and  Newhaven,  Eng.,  from 
Feb.  6 to  June  1,  1918.  He  trained  at  R.A.F.  Stations  on  Salisbury 
Plain,  Eng.,  to  Aug.  25,  1918,  when  he  was  attached  to  the  U.S. 
Naval  Northern  Bombing  Group,  France,  to  Dec.  13,  1918.  He  was 
commissioned  Lieut,  (j.g.),  Oct.  1,  1918.  He  was  placed  on  inactive 
duty  list,  on  Feb.  17,  1919,  at  Boston,  Mass. 


[ 458  ] 


donald  Macdonald 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Norman  D.  and  Sophie  (MacDonald)  MacDonald,  of  Bos- 
ton; was  born  June  30,  1894.  He  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Dorchester,  and  graduated  from  the  English  High  School,  Boston. 
In  May,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service  and  trained  at 
the  M.I.T.  and  at  Mineola,  N.Y.  He  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut., 
at  Mineola,  in  Oct.,  1917,  and  sailed  immediately  overseas  to 
France.  He  served  as  Instructor  at  Issoudun,  until  the  end  of  the 
war.  In  April,  1919,  he  returned  to  the  U.S.  and  was  honorably 
discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Neal  C.  MacDonald,  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Murdock  MacDonald,  Bandmaster,  U.S.N. 

John  Thompson  MacDonald,  101st  F.A.,  A.E.F. 


neal  c.  Macdonald 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Norman  D.  and  Sophie  (MacDonald)  MacDonald ; was  born 
Jan.  18,  1890.  He  attended  the  public  schools  of  Dorchester,  and 
the  English  High  School,  Boston.  In  May,  1917,  he  enlisted  in  the 
Aviation  Service,  and  entered  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School.  There, 
after  completing  the  course,  he  remained  as  Instructor  until  the 
fall  of  1917,  when  he  was  ordered  to  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex. 
He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  at  Kelly  Field,  and  was  subse- 
quently transferred  to  Washington,  D.C.,  where  he  was  made 
Inspector  of  Liberty  Motors.  He  is  still  at  Washington,  and  as 
Chief  Engineer,  is  doing  Inspection  work. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Donald  MacDonald,  1st  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Murdock  MacDonald,  Bandmaster,  U.S.N. 

John  Thompson  MacDonald,  101st  F.A.,  A.E.F. 


[ 460  ] 


WILLIAM  SCOTT  KEITH 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Charles  H.  and  Elizabeth  C.  (Allen)  Keith;  was  born  at 
Greenfield,  Mass.,  Jan.  26,  1898.  He  was  educated  at  the  Salisbury 
School,  Salisbury,  Conn.,  1911-15,  and  at  Williams  College,  Wil- 
liamstown,  Mass.,  class  of  1919.  At  Salisbury  he  was  captain  of  the 
baseball  team  one  year,  and  a member  of  the  track,  football,  and 
baseball  teams.  At  Williams  he  was  a member  of  the  track  team. 
Prior  to  enlistment  he  attended  Williams  R.O.T.C.  in  the  summer 
of  1917.  He  enlisted  at  Boston,  Mass.,  Dec.  6,  1917,  and  attended 
the  Military  School  of  Aeronautics,  at  Cornell  University,  Ithaca, 
N.Y.,  from  Feb.  2,  1918,  to  March  30,  1918.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  A.S.A.,  Pursuit  Pilot,  at  Taliaferro  Field,  Hicks,  Tex., 
July  18,  1918.  Lieut.  Keith  was  ordered  to  Garden  City,  N.Y., 
Oct.  1,  1918,  and  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  Dec.  7, 
1918. 


C.  VINCENT  DAIGER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  V.  Daiger,  of  Newton,  Mass.;  was 
born  at  Baltimore,  Md.,  Aug.  11,  1892.  He  attended  the  Newton 
High  School,  graduating  in  1911.  On  Oct.  26,  1917,  he  enlisted  for 
the  Air  Service,  at  Boston,  Mass.  He  reported  for  active  duty  at 
Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  Nov.  24,  1917,  and  was  commis- 
sioned 2d  Lieut.,  S.R.C.A.S.,  Jan.  20,  1918.  In  March,  1918,  he 
was  assigned  as  student  to  the  Aerial  Gunnery  School,  at  Ellington 
Field,  Houston,  Tex.,  afterwards  becoming  a member  of  the  staff 
of  that  school.  Lieut.  Daiger  was  ordered  to  Rockwell  Field, 
San  Diego,  Cal.,  in  May,  1918.  Served  as  Instructor  in  Advanced 
Aerial  Gunnery,  and  as  Adjutant  at  Ream  Field,  Oneonta,  Cal. 
In  Oet.,  1918,  was  awarded  “wings,”  and  rated  as  Reserve  Military 
Aviator,  being  classed  as  “Pursuit  Pilot.”  He  was  honorably  dis- 
charged, Jan.  13,  1919.  Afterwards  he  received  commission  as 
Flyer  in  Reserve  Corps. 


I 462  ] 


MAHLON  COOK  BUNDY 

Second  Lieutenant,  Royal  Air  Force 

Son  of  William  H.  and  Marion  C.  Bundy,  of  Cambridge,  Mass.; 
was  born  at  Rice  Lake,  Wis.,  June  6,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Newton  High  School,  Phillips  Exeter  Academy,  and  at  Wesleyan 
University,  class  of  1921;  at  college  he  was  president  of  his  fresh- 
man class,  member  of  college  Senate,  and  D.K.E.  Fraternity.  He 
attended  the  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg  in  1916,  and 
then  served  in  France  from  Feb.  19  to  Sept.  4,  1917,  with  the 
American  Ambulance  Field  Service,  Verdun  sector.  On  April  12, 
1918,  he  enlisted  in  the  R.A.F.  at  Toronto,  Can.,  and  trained  at 
the  Toronto  University,  School  of  Armament,  at  Hamilton,  Ont. 
(204  T.D.S.).  He  sailed  for  England,  Aug.  31,  1918,  and  was  sta- 
tioned at  East  Church,  Kent,  from  Sept.,  1918,  to  April,  1919, 
when  he  was  assigned  to  the  Denham  Repatriation  Camp,  and 
then  to  the  Shorncliffe  Repatriation  Camp,  where  he  was  honor- 
ably discharged,  for  Repatriation,  June  28,  1919.  He  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  R.A.F.,  dating  from  Oct.  29,  1918. 


JAMES  E.  KILEY 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  One  Hundred  Sixty-Third 
Aero  Squadron 

Son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kiley,  of  Concord,  N.H.  He  attended  the 
Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg,  completing  his  training 
there,  Aug.  14,  1917.  He  was  assigned  to  Princeton  University,  and 
graduated  from  the  School  of  Military  Aeronautics,  Jan.  12,  1918. 
He  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  April  20,  1918,  at  Park  Field, 
Memphis,  Tenn.,  where  he  was  stationed  until  he  was  ordered 
overseas.  He  sailed  for  France,  and  was  attached  to  the  163d  Aero 
Squadron. 


[ 464  ] 


JAMES  WALLACE  GIBSON 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Charles  Ellsworth  and  Helen  (Knowlton)  Gibson;  was  bom 
at  West  Newton,  Mass.,  Aug.  30,  1897.  He  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Newton,  Chauncy  Hall  School,  Boston,  and  the  M.I.T., 
for  two  years,  leaving  to  enter  the  Service.  He  attended  the  Officers’ 
Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg  in  1917,  and  was  there  commissioned, 
on  May  15,  1st  Lieut.,  U.S.  Infantry.  He  was  on  duty  with  the 
310th  Infantry  at  Camp  Dix,  N.J.,  until  March,  1918,  when  he 
transferred  to  the  Aviation  Service.  He  trained  at  the  Ground 
School,  Austin,  Tex.;  and  on  Oct.  8,  1918,  qualified  as  R.M.A.,  at 
Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.  At  Post  Field,  Fort  Sill,  Okla.,  he 
received  training  as  Army  Corps  Pilot;  and  in  aerial  gunnery,  at 
Taliaferro  Field,  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  where  he  was  honorably  dis- 
charged, Jan.  6,  1919. 


GEORGE  B.  CUTTS 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

He  attended  the  First  Officers’  Training  Camp  at  Plattsburg.  He 
was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  Field  Artillery;  resigned  his  com- 
mission to  enter  the  Aviation  Service,  and  attended  the  M.I.T. 
Ground  School  for  three  months.  He  continued  his  training  at 
Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  where  he  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  A.S.M.A.  He  was  transferred  to  Taylor  Field,  Mont- 
gomery, Ala.,  and  served  as  Instructor  for  seven  months.  He  was 
ordered  to  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La.,  where  he  spent  a 
month  training  at  the  advanced  bombing  school.  He  was  prepared 
to  go  overseas  when  the  Armistice  was  signed. 


[ 466  ] 


WILLIAM  FRANK  BAKER,  Jr. 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Ninety-First  Squadron 

Son  of  William  Frank  and  Mary  T.  Baker,  of  Dorchester,  Mass.; 
was  horn  March  7,  1889.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Dorchester,  and  at  the  Missouri  School  of  Mines;  at  college  he 
played  baseball  and  football.  On  May  28,  1917,  he  enlisted  at 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  entered  the  M.I.T.  Ground  School,  June  2, 
graduating  July  29,  when  he  was  ordered  to  Mineola,  N.Y.  On 
completing  his  training  there,  he  was  commissioned  1st  Lieut., 
Dec.  17,  1917.  In  Jan.,  1918,  he  sailed  overseas  with  the  153d 
Squadron,  and  trained  in  France  at  Issoudun  and  at  Tours.  On 
Aug.  15,  1918,  he  was  attached  to  the  91st  Squadron,  and  took  an 
active  part  in  the  St.-Mihiel  and  Argonne  offensives.  Lieut.  Baker’s 
duties,  as  a long-distance  reconnaissance  pilot  and  observer,  were 
to  secure  information  of  enemy  fortifications,  ammunition  dumps, 
troop  movements,  airdromes,  and  artillery  activity,  and  also  to 
photograph  the  same;  such  missions  often  extended  100  miles  over 
the  enemy  lines.  Lieut.  Baker  sailed  for  the  U.S.  in  Dec.,  1918,  and 
was  honorably  discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  Jan.  10,  1918. 


* JOSEPH  GERARD  MURPHY 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Died,  Oct.  18,  1918 

Born  Jan.  29,  1897.  He  was  educated  at  the  Somerville  High 
School  and  at  Boston  College.  He  enlisted  in  the  U.S.N.R.F.;  was 
commissioned  Ensign.  Died  in  Service,  Oct.  18,  1918. 


[ 468  ] 


GEORGE  LOWELL  ASPINWALL 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  William  Henry  and  Susan  (Lowell)  Aspinwall;  was  born  at 
Chestnut  Hill,  Mass.,  Oct.  9,  1891.  He  attended  the  Volkmann 
School,  and  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1914.  He  then 
engaged  in  the  banking  business.  He  attended  the  Officers’  Train- 
ing Camp  at  Plattsburg  in  1915  and  1916,  and  was  there  com- 
missioned Capt.,  U.S.  Infantry.  Illness  obliged  him  to  retire  from 
the  Service,  but  upon  recovery  he  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service, 
Feb.  15,  1918.  On  March  8 he  began  training  at  Princeton,  N.J., 
where  he  graduated  June  8,  1918.  On  June  10  he  continued  his 
training  at  Kelly  Field,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  where  he  remained 
until  after  the  signing  of  the  Armistice.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  Nov.  12,  1918,  and  was  honorably  dis- 
charged in  Jan.,  1919. 

Brother  in  Service  — 

Augustus  Aspinwall,  2d  Lieut.,  110th  Infantry,  28th  Division; 
killed  in  action,  Aug.  26,  1918. 


HAROLD  WAYNE  PARKER 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Born  in  1895.  He  received  ground  school  training  at  M.I.T.,  and 
graduated  from  the  U.S.  School  of  Military  Aeronautics,  at  Cornell 
University,  Ithaca,  N.Y.,  Jan.  19,  1918.  He  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A.,  at  Gerstner  Field,  Lake  Charles,  La., 
May  18,  1918,  and  was  appointed  Instructor  of  Gunnery  at  that 
field.  Lieut.  Parker  was  transferred  to  Rockwell  Field,  San  Diego, 
Cal.,  Aug.  22,  1918,  where  he  completed  his  combat  course.  He 
reported  for  overseas  service  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  on  Nov.  1, 
1918,  but  did  not  sail,  owing  to  the  Armistice. 


[ 470  ] 


FRANK  H.  MAHONEY 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Andrew  J.  and  Josephine  (Dowling)  Mahoney;  was  born  at 
Dorchester,  Mass.,  Sept.  8,  1891.  He  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Dorchester,  and  graduated  from  the  M.I.T.  in  1913.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  1st  Corps  of  Cadets,  M.V.M.,  and  was  with  them 
mustered  into  the  101st  Engineers.  He  transferred  to  the  Aviation 
Service,  and  after  training  at  the  M.I.T.,  at  Princeton,  N.J.,  and 
at  Dallas,  Tex.,  he  was  stationed  at  Ellington  Field,  Houston,  Tex., 
where  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A.  He  sailed  over- 
seas in  Sept.,  1918,  and  was  in  training  in  France  at  the  time  of  the 
signing  of  the  Armistice.  He  returned  to  the  U.S.  in  the  spring  of 
1919,  and  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Service. 


* M ARBEL  LESTER  DUNHAM 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.A.,  U.S.A.,  Ninety-First  Aero 
Squadron 

Killed  in  airplane  accident,  June  22,  1918 

Son  of  Richard  B.  and  Annie  (Irving)  Dunham,  of  Cambridge, 
Mass.;  was  born  at  Vernon  Mines,  King’s  County,  N.S.,  Aug.  29, 
1898.  He  was  educated  at  the  Cambridge  High  and  Latin  Schools. 
He  left  school  to  enlist  in  the  Royal  Air  Force  at  Toronto,  Can., 
June  23,  1917.  He  trained  with  the  Royal  Air  Force  in  Toronto,  for 
four  months,  and  then  at  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  for  nine  weeks.  He 
sailed  for  France,  Dec.  29,  1917,  but  to  his  disappointment  was 
held  in  Chichester,  Eng.,  for  further  training.  There  he  was  com- 
missioned 2d  Lieut.,  April  1,  1918.  On  June  22,  1918,  while  flying 
a scout  machine,  Lieut.  Dunham  met  with  a fatal  accident.  He 
was  buried  at  Chichester,  Eng.,  with  full  military  honors. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Clarence  Dunham,  Private,  U.S.A.;  killed  in  action  at  Battle 
of  the  Marne. 

Gordon  Dunham,  Private,  U.S.A. ; wounded  at  Verdun. 


[ 472  ] 


RICHARD  de  GOZZALDI 

Second  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Silvio  M.  and  Mary  I.  (James)  Gozzaldi,  of  Cambridge, 
Mass.;  was  born  in  Switzerland  in  1889.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  Cambridge,  and  at  Harvard  College,  graduating 
in  1913.  He  served  with  Battery  A,  1st  Mass.  F.A.,  N.G.,  in  1916, 
at  the  Mexican  Border.  In  the  fall  of  1917,  he  attended  the  2d 
Officers’  Training  Camp,  at  Plattsburg,  where  he  was  recom- 
mended for  the  Aviation  Service.  He  trained  at  the  Ground  School 
at  Princeton,  N.J.,  graduating  March  16,  1918.  He  was  then 
ordered  to  Camp  Dick,  Dallas,  Tex.,  where  he  remained  for  five 
weeks;  he  was  then  transferred  to  Love  Field.  On  May  1,  1918,  he 
made  his  first  flight,  and  continued  to  fly  as  Cadet,  until  Aug.  14, 
1918,  when  he  was  commissioned  2d  Lieut.,  A.S.,  U.S.A.  He  re- 
mained at  Love  Field,  Dallas,  Tex.,  until  Nov.,  1918,  when  he  was 
sent  to  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  to  await  transport  overseas,  but  did 
not  sail,  owing  to  the  signing  of  the  Armistice.  He  was  honorably 
discharged  at  Garden  City,  N.Y.,  in  Dec.,  1918. 


DANIEL  W.  POWDERLY 

First  Lieutenant,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Aviation  Service,  in  Dec.,  1917,  and  trained  at 
Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  N.Y.;  at  Chanute  Field,  Rantoul,  111.; 
and  at  Payne  Field,  West  Point,  Miss.  He  was  then  sent  to  a con- 
centration camp  at  Long  Island,  preparatory  to  sailing  for  France. 
He  sailed  overseas  on  Oct.  26,  1918. 


[ 474  ] 


* WILLIAM  G.  SPRAGUE 

Ensign,  U.S.N.R.F. 

Killed  in  seaplane  accident , Oct.  26,  1918 

Born  at  Chicago,  111.,  July  13,  1893.  He  attended  the  University 
of  Michigan  for  two  years,  and  graduated  from  the  M.I.T.  in  1916. 
He  joined  the  Naval  Aviation  Detachment  at  the  M.I.T. ; Motor 
Inspection  Division,  Jan.  11,  1917.  He  was  transferred  to  the 
Naval  Air  Station  at  Pensacola,  Fla.,  and  trained  there  until  May, 
1917.  He  was  commissioned  Ensign,  sent  overseas,  and  stationed 
at  Paris  in  Feb.,  1918.  He  was  ordered  to  the  Moutchic-Lacanau 
Training  School,  and  then  to  the  U.S.  Naval  Air  Station,  lie  Tudy, 
France,  in  Oct.  On  Oct.  26,  1918,  he  was  killed  in  a seaplane  acci- 
dent at  lie  Tudy. 

He  was  awarded  the  Croix  de  Guerre  with  Gold  Star,  which  was 
presented  at  his  funeral. 


[ 476  ] 


HENRY  ALEXANDER  MAGNUSON 

Cadet,  A.S.,  U.S.A. 

Son  of  Axel  Birger  and  Hanna  Caroline  (Johanson)  Magnuson;  was 
born  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  on  Oct.  15,  1895.  He  was  educated  at 
the  Harvard  Grammar  School,  the  Rindge  Training  School,  Cam- 
bridge, and  at  the  Mass.  Normal  Art  School,  Boston.  He  belonged 
to  the  Rindge  crew  in  1914,  and  won  fourth  place  in  the  mile  run 
at  the  Rindge  track  meet.  During  his  freshman  year  at  the  Mass. 
Normal  Art  School,  he  received  first  honors,  and  in  sophomore  and 
junior  years  received  the  highest  rank  in  the  architectural  course. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Air  Service  at  Boston,  Mass.,  on  April  23,  1918, 
and  entered  the  School  of  Military  Aeronautics  at  M.I.T.,  on 
June  29,  leaving  on  Sept.  7 to  complete  his  ground-school  work  at 
Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  N.Y.  He  remained  at  Cornell  with 
Squadron  59,  until  Sept.  21,  1918;  then  went  to  Camp  Dick,  Dal- 
las, Tex.,  where  he  remained  from  Oct.  5 to  Nov.  5.  He  was  then 
transferred  to  Chanute  Field,  Rantoul,  III,  where  he  was  trained 
from  Nov.  7 to  Dec.  4.  Subsequently  he  was  ordered  to  Camp  Call 
Field,  Wichita  Falls,  Tex.,  where  he  was  stationed  from  Dec.  6, 
1918,  to  Jan.  20, 1919;  and  to  Love  Field,  Dallas,  Tex.,  where  he  was 
held  from  Jan.  21  to  March  17,  1919.  On  March  17,  1919,  he  was 
honorably  discharged  from  the  Service  at  Love  Field,  Dallas,  Tex. 

Brothers  in  Service  — 

Arthur  Albert  Magnuson,  Q.M.,  Naval  Aviation,  Co.  4,  Hamp- 
ton Roads,  Va. 

Adolph  Harold  Magnuson,  Corp.,  Co.  C,  103d  Infantry,  26th 
Division.  On  the  evening  of  Nov.  12,  1918,  as  Co.  C was 
celebrating  the  Armistice  by  firing  off  the  rockets  which  had 
been  used  during  the  war  as  signals,  a piece  of  one  of  the 
rockets,  which  had  some  metal  in  it,  fell  and  struck  Corp. 
Magnuson  on  the  back  of  the  head.  He  did  not  recover  con- 
sciousness, and  died  Nov.  24,  1918. 


[ 477  ] 


DAVID  PUTNAM 
By  Richard  D.  Ware 

Up  from  the  eyrie  the  young  falcon  leapt. 

The  fires  of  his  fearless  eyes 
Outfacing  the  fierce  flamings  of  the  sun. 

Then  in  wide  circles  swept 
Against  the  skies, 

More  free  than  their  own  stars  to  run 
His  course  in  Liberty 
Until,  the  Earth  concealed 
Beneath  a cloud,  he  wheeled 
Free, 

Utterly. 

Freed  of  all  earthly  things 

Down  through  the  void  he  pitched  with  folded  wings, 
Piercing  the  cloud  like  flashing  sword 
Full  in  the  vulture  horde. 

Foul  beaks  and  talons  tore 

The  life  from  him,  but  on  his  spirit  bore 

The  valiant  heart,  and  back  to  Earth  there  sped 

On  stiffening  pinions  set,  the  falcon,  dead, 

To  bear  the  message  of  his  vision  in  the  sky 
Of  Liberty. 


[ 478  ] 


ABBREVIATIONS 


A.A.A.P. 

A.A.P. 

A.E.F. 

A.D.C. 

A.I.C. 

A.S. 

A.S.A. 

American  Aviation  Acceptance  Park 

Aviation  Acceptance  Park 

American  Expeditionary  Forces 

Aide-de-Camp 

Aviation  Instruction  Centre 

Air  Service;  used  in  A.E.F. 

Air  Service  Aeronaut;  used  in  U.S.  to  denote  flyers  only; 
ground  officers  in  Air  Service  use  A.S.  only 

A.S.M.A. 

A.S.S.C.* 

A.S.S.R.C.* 

Air  Service,  Military  Aeronautics 

Aviation  Section,  Signal  Corps 

Aviation  Section,  Signal  Reserve  Corps 

B.E.F. 

British  Expeditionary  Forces. 

C.A.C. 

C.E.F. 

C.O. 

C.T.S. 

Coast  Artillery  Corps 

Canadian  Expeditionary  Forces 

Commanding  Officer 

Canadian  Training  Squadron 

D.A.C. 

D.F.C. 

DeH.  4 
D.S.C. 
D.S.M. 
D.S.O. 

Division  d’Application  de  Combat 

Distinguished  Flying  Cross  (British  decoration) 

De  Haviland  4 

Distinguished  Service  Cross 

Distinguished  Service  Medal 

Distinguished  Service  Order  (British  decoration) 

F.A. 

Field  Artillery 

G.D.E. 

Le  Plessis-Belleville,  where  all  French  pilots  were  sent 
before  being  assigned  to  an  escadrille 

J.M.A. 

Junior  Military  Aviator 

M.I.T. 

M.V.M. 

Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology 

Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia 

N.A.S. 

N.C.T.S. 

N.G. 

N.R.F.C. 

Naval  Air  Station 

Northern  Canadian  Training  Squadron 

National  Guard 

Naval  Reserve  Flying  Corps 

* Obsolete  as  far  as  Aviation  is  concerned. 

[ 479  ] 

ABBREVIATIONS 


i 


Q. M.C. 

R. A.F. 
R.F.C. 
R.M.A. 
R.N.A.S. 

R. O.T.C. 

S. E.  5 
S.A.T.C. 
S.M.A. 

5.0. 5. 
S.E.R.C.* 

5.0. R.C.* 
S.R.C.A.S.* 

s.s.u. 


T.M.U. 


U.S.A.S. 

U.S.M.C.R. 

U.S.N.A.S. 

U.S.N.R. 

U.S.N.R.F. 

U.S.N.R.F.C, 

U.S.N. 

U.S.S. 


Quartermaster  Corps 

Royal  Air  Force 
Royal  Flying  Corps 
Reserve  Military  Aviator 
Royal  Naval  Air  Service 
Reserve  Officers’  Training  Corps 

Type  of  British  single-seater 
Students’  Army  Training  Corps 
School  of  Military  Aeronautics 
Service  of  Supply 
Signal  Enlisted  Reserve  Corps 
Signal  Officers’  Reserve  Corps 
Signal  Reserve  Corps,  Air  Service 

Section  Sanitaire  Etats-Unis:  official  designation  of  an 
American  Ambulance  Section  serving  with  the  French 
Army 

Transport  de  materiel:  the  Camion  Service  which  carried 
munitions  and  supplies  for  the  Army 

United  States  Air  Service 
United  States  Marine  Corps  Reserve 
United  States  Naval  Air  Service 
United  States  Naval  Reserve 
United  States  Naval  Reserve  Force 
United  States  Naval  Reserve  Flying  Corps 
United  States  Navy 
United  States  Steamship 

* Obsolete  as  far  as  Aviation  is  concerned. 


[ 480  ] 


9 


